Governance on Livestock diseases prevention and control and impact on Global trade

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Dr. Alain DEHOVE Coordinator of the World Animal
Health and Welfare Fund
Governance on Livestock diseases prevention and
control and impact on Global trade

Sida Seminar Stockholm, Sweden September 26, 2007
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Needs Presented
OIE/FAO programme on Good Governance (last
updated in September 2007)
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Current reality Veterinary Services

• Trade globalization global warming are
  increasing and worsening risks of emerging and
  re-emerging highly pathogenic animal diseases
• Need to be prepared
• Good Governance Public/Private Partnership
• Responsibility of all Governments
• If one country fails, it may endanger the entire
  planet

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Current reality Veterinary Services

• Veterinary Services are an International Public
  Good
• beneficial effects on
• Poverty Alleviation
• Market Access
• Public Health, including Food Safety

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Good Governance Veterinary Services

• Crucial need for appropriate legislation and
  strict implementation through appropriate
  national animal health systems allowing
• Early detection, Transparency, Notification
• Rapid response to animal disease outbreaks
• Biosecurity
• Compensation
• Vaccination when necessary

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Current reality Veterinary Services

• Building and maintaining
• efficient (epidemio) surveillance networks
• and territorial meshing
• covering the entire national territory,
• potentially for all animal diseases, including
• zoonoses and emerging diseases,
• is a responsibility of all Governments

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Investment Priorities

• Evaluation of legislation and Veterinary
  Services resources, using the PVS instrument
  adopted by all Member Countries
• Gap analysis to prioritize national and
  international investments
• Role of livestock owners, private practitioners
  and stakeholders / alliances

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Investment Priorities

• Capability for early detection, rapid response
  and preparedness, including compensation
  schemes
• National chain of command
• Capacity building and alliances
• Twinning concept

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OIE World Animal Health and Welfare Fund

• Advisory Committee
• First meeting October 20, 2006 next Dec. 2007
• Representatives from WTO, WHO, FAO WB (Chair),
  USA, UK, Japan, France, Canada and Australia
• Observers EC, Switzerland and SSAFE
• OIE-HQ (Bureau central)

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OIE World Animal Health and Welfare Fund

• Advisory Committee
• SSAFE (Safe Supply of Affordable Food
  Everywhere) initiative regrouping
  representatives from major food groups of the
  private sector (e.g., Cargill, McDonalds,
  Nestlé, Sodia)
• Unique forum on Animal Health with high level
  representatives from International
  Organizations key Donors and the private sector

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OIE World Animal Health and Welfare Fund

• Management Committee
• First meeting February 20, 2007 next May 2008
• Chairman President of the OIE International
  Committee
• 2 Representatives from the OIE Administrative
  Commission
• One representative from the Donors
• OIE-HQ (Bureau central)
• OIE elected external auditor

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The OIE-PVS Tool
Evaluation of the Performance of Veterinary
Services a tool for Good Governance of
Veterinary Services (last updated in July 2007)
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What is PVS?

• Need of standards on Quality and
  Evaluation of Veterinary Services in order to
  avoid animal pathogens and zoonoses spreading
  worldwide
• Chapter 1.3.3. Evaluation of Veterinary
  Services
• Chapter 1.3.4. Guidelines for the
  Evaluation of Veterinary Services

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Use of PVS

• A self-evaluation of the VS of a country with
  respect to the OIE criteria with a view to
  assessing the current status and strengthening
  the appropriate areas of VS and/or
  legitimatizing applications for obtaining the
  financing and necessary support for their
  development from their government

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Use of PVS

• An evaluation in relation to bilateral
  negotiations between trading countries
• it may be performed at the request of either
  country
• An exporting country cannot refuse an audit
  from an importing country according to OIE and
  SPS (Art. 4) rules

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Use of PVS

• An evaluation performed as part of strong
  legitimization of a national and an
  international financing (legislative /
  re-organiszation / public- private partnership)
  request(s)
• Donor agencies, notably the World Bank, have
  accepted the use of the OIE criteria in the
  evaluation of the quality of VS, to help
  countries make a request for investment

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Outputs of PVS procedure

• Gap identification and analysis
• (legitimacy of the request and leverage
  effect)
• National use for investment and reorganization
• External use for financial support
• Use for international Trade.

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PVS Teams

• 70 OIE certified PVS experts trained
  (May 06 July 06 and Feb. 07)
• Four languages EN FR SP Russian
• Geographical balance

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PVS Teams

• PVS Teams composed of experts recognized by
  the OIE
• One PVS Team leader
• 1 or 2 PVS Expert(s)
• Possibly 1 Observer / Facilitator

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PVS Procedure

• Request from the Country (sine qua non
  condition)
• Proposal of dates and PVS Expert Team
• Acceptance of mission by the Country
• PVS Mission / visit to the country

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PVS Procedure

• Draft PVS Country Report
• OIE Peer Review
• Final PVS Country Report
• Acceptance by the Country

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Applying the PVS Tool

Fundamental Components
Critical competencies
Level of advancement
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How to evaluate?
Each critical competency has 5 levels of
advancement level 1. Non acceptable level
5. Well advanced
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Critical competencies

• I. HUMAN, PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES
• Professional and technical staffing of the
  Veterinary Services
• Competencies of veterinarians and veterinary
  para-professionals
• Continuing education
• Technical independence
• Stability of structures and sustainability of
  policies
• Coordination capability of the sectors and
  institutions of the Veterinary Services
• Physical resources
• Funding
• Contingency and compensatory funding
• Capability to invest and develop

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Critical competencies

• II TECHNICAL AUTHORITY AND CAPABILITY
• Veterinary laboratory diagnosis
• Laboratory Quality Assurance
• Risk analysis
• Quarantine and border security
• Epidemiological surveillance
• Early detection and emergency response
• Disease prevention, control and eradication
• Veterinary public health and food safety
• Veterinary medicines and veterinary biologicals
• Residue testing
• Emerging issues
• Technical innovation

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Critical competencies

• III INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS
• Communications
• Consultation with stakeholders
• Official representation
• Accreditation / Authorisation / Delegation
• Veterinary Statutory Body
• Participation of producers and other stakeholders
  in joint programmes

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Critical competencies

• IV ACCESS TO MARKETS
• Preparation of legislation and regulations, and
  implementation of regulations
• Stakeholder compliance with legislation and
  regulations
• International harmonisation
• International certification
• Equivalence and other types of sanitary
  agreements
• Traceability
• Transparency
• Zoning
• Compartmentalisation

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Applying the PVS Tool

(IV) - Fundamental Components
(37 ) - Critical competencies
x 5 - Levels of advancement
200 variables
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PVS Evaluations

• OIE / World Bank DGF Objectives
• This strengthening of global animal health
  governance would increase the prevention and
  control of emerging and re-emerging diseases of
  animal origin, which would in turn impact the
  health and well-being of the public worldwide,
  thus the Global Public Good nature of the animal
  health systems and of the official Veterinary
  Services.

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PVS Evaluations

• Thanks to the World Banks DGF
• an initial Pilot project of the OIE World
  Animal Health and Welfare Fund
• FY2006 (by end of March 07)
• (World Bank) 5 PVS in 3 Regions
• Followed by the USDA (10 PVS)

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OIE World Animal Health and Welfare Fund

• 2007 and beyond

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OIE World Animal Health and Welfare Fund

• i.e. over 70 PVS evaluations funded
• Programme of 105 evaluations over 3 years
  (35 / year 3 a month)
• To date 51 requests received
• (37 PVS done 14 scheduled)
• 24 requests from African countries
• (19 done)

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Achievements to date

• Support to Good Governance, OIE-PVS Instrument,
  training of OIE-PVS experts, Country PVS
  Evaluations initiated
• OIE Emergency AI Vaccine Bank operational
• Relevance for other emerging and
• re-emerging diseases?

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Achievements to date

• Economic Studies on Animal Health systems
• Worldwide economic studies on the cost/benefit
  analysis of public investments in international
  public goods like public and private components
  of the national public veterinary services, v.
  the cost of sanitary crisis
• A feasibility study on the setting up of a Global
  Emergency Response Fund for Animal Epizootics and
  Zoonoses in developing and in countries in
  transition
• A Pre-Feasibility Study on Market-Based Insurance
  Products for Emerging and Re-emerging Animal
  Disease Losses not Covered by Public Compensation

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Achievements to date

• Prevention and control of animal diseases
  worldwide
• Part I Economic analysis - Prevention versus
  outbreak costs
• Part II Feasibility study - A global fund for
  emergency response in developing countries
• Part III Pre-feasibility study - Supporting
  insurance of disease losses

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Achievements to date

• Results of the 3 OIE Economic Studies on
  Animal Health systems will be presented during
  the international conference
• Global Animal Health Initiative
• The Way Forward
• October 9, 10 and 11, 2007
• Washington DC (USA), at the World Bank HQ

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Achievements to date

• FAO/OIE - CMC (Crisis Management Centre)
• OIE/FAO/WHO GLEWS
  (Global Early Warning System)
• OIE-Regional seminars with key policy makers
  (ongoing)
• Laboratory Twinning programme (starting)

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Current reality Veterinary Services

• Short term priorities mainly directed towards
  Avian Influenza
• Medium-long term activities directed towards
  Governance, prevention and control of emerging
  and re-emerging animal diseases exacerbated by
  globalization and climatic change

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Thank you for your attention
World Organisation for Animal Health
12 rue de Prony 75017 Paris, France Tel 33 (0)1
44 15 18 88 Fax [phone] Email
oie_at_oie.int http//www.oie.int