Garrotxa Volcanic Zone

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Garrotxa Volcanic Zone Katrina Byerly, Mike Balin
t, Brad Peurifoy
Types of Volcanoes
Garrotxa Volcanic Zone

• Much of the surrounding mountains are formed by
  Eocene sediments
  
• Over 30 scoria volcanic cones, and more than 20
  unusual basaltic lava flows.
  
• Eruptions where strombolian, phreatomagmatic or
  sometimes mixed.
  
• Eruptions were characterized by pyroclastics and
  fairly non-explosive.
  
• Volcanic activity took place 700,000 years ago to
  11,500 years ago, Holocene in age.
  
• There were several long periods of rest, so the
  region is generally considered dormant today.
  
• The move for legal protection started in 1917 but
  it wasnt until 1982 before the volcanic zone was
  protected.
  
• Result of convergence between the Eurasian and
  African Plate
  

• Scoria Cone steep slopes and a large summit
  crater, also known as cinder cones. The most
  common type of volcano and generally the
  smallest. Mostly basaltic tephra in
  composition.
• Shield Volcano very gentle slopes and convex
  upwards. Much greater width than height.
  Associated with a low viscosity basalt.
  
• Stratovolcano gentle lower slopes but steep
  upper slopes and concave downward. Also known as
  composite volcanoes, there is a small summit
  crater and mostly andesite in composition.
  Generally occurs at subduction zones.

Sunset Crater
El Croscat
Basaltic Plateau
Puu Oo
Mt. Mayon
Santa Margarida Volcano
Montsacopa Volcano
Types of Volcanic Eruptions
History and Culture

• Hawaii Eruption calmest eruption, low amounts
  of pyroclastic material, fluid basalt lavas.
  Forms shield volcanoes.
  
• Strombolian Eruption short and explosive with
  little or no lava flow, and basaltic in
  composition. Forms scoria volcanoes.
  
• Plinian Eruption generate large eruptive
  columns and very explosive. Dacitic to rhyolitic
  in composition, tephra, pyroclastic flows are
  common. Forms stratovolcanoes.
• Hydrovolcanic Eruption generated by the
  interaction of magma with water. Similar to
  strombolian eruptions.
  

• The medieval town of Olot was destroyed by
  earthquakes in the 15th century, so most of the
  buildings are from the 18th and 19th centuries.
  
• There are several other small towns in the region
  that still have most of their medieval
  architecture intact.
  
• The economic history of Olot was based on
  textiles and the manufacture of religious
  statues.
  
• There are several artists from the region, and
  the Olot school played a big part in art from the
  region, with modernism being the dominate style.
  
• The only working basalt quarry in the entire
  country is in the region and dates back to 1887.
  
• Museums found in the area Museum of Sausages,
  Garrotxa Regional Museum, and the Volcano
  Museum.
  

Mt. Etna
Wilipea delta
Kamoamoa, Kilauea
Ngauruhoe, NZ