Work Zone Best Practices

1
Work Zone Best Practices

• A How To Workshop for Making Work Zones Work
  Better.
• Sponsored by
• Federal Highway Administration
• Office of Transportation Operations
• Washington, D.C.
• May 2001

2
Purpose and Process

• Purpose
• Introduce The Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook
• Provide instruction in how to use the Guidebook
• Encourage use of the Guidebook
• Audience
• Practitioners involved in all phases of providing
  our transportation network
• Planning, operations, engineering, construction,
  design, traffic control
• Training Module
• Consists of 5 parts

3
Overview

• Whats the Problem?
• Addressing the Problem FHWAs Work Zone
  Mobility and Safety Program
• Work Zone Best Practices Resources
• Work Zone Best Practices Applications
• How You Can Help!

4
Why Do Work Zones Need To Work Better?

• Safety of workers and drivers
• Many serious injuries and fatalities result from
  crashes in work zones
• Mobility of the traveling public
• Travelers are frustrated with the of work zones
  and the delays they cause
• More population/drivers Limited new roads ?
  More congestion
• As the nation's highway infrastructure ages, more
  rehabilitation is needed.
• Aging infrastructure ? More rehabilitation ? More
  work zones
• Work zone mobility and safety have increasing
  importance as work zones become more of a daily
  fixture on our roads.
• More work zones More congestion ? More delays
  injuries/fatalities
• Unless We MAKE WORK ZONES WORK BETTER

5
Work Zones Can Be Dangerous
6
Work Zone Safety Fact Sheet 1

• Fatality Data
• Over the last 5 years the number of persons
  killed in motor vehicle crashes in work zones has
  averaged more than 750 fatalities per year, with
  a high of 868 in 1999.
• In 1998, 772 fatalities resulted from motor
  vehicle crashes in work zones, 222 of which
  resulted from large truck crashes.
• On average from 1994 to 1998, 16 of the
  fatalities resulting from crashes in work zones
  were non-motorists (pedestrians and bicyclists).
• Injury Data
• In 1998, approximately 39,000 people were injured
  as a result of motor vehicle crashes in work
  zones 3,000 of those resulted from large truck
  crashes.

7
Work Zone Safety Fact Sheet 2

• When Crashes Occur (1998 data)
• More than half of all work zone crashes occurred
  during the day, while about three-quarters of
  fatal large truck work zone crashes were during
  the day.
• Almost three times as many work zone crashes
  occurred on weekdays compared to weekends.
• Fatal work zone crashes occurred most often in
  the summer and the fall.

8
Work Zone Safety Fact Sheet 3

• Where Crashes Occur (1998 data)
• Much higher of fatal work zone crashes occur on
  urban interstates (14) than of all fatal
  crashes occurring on urban interstates (6).
• For fatal large truck crashes percentage of work
  zone crashes occurring on urban interstates was
  twice as high compared to all fatal truck crashes
  (20 vs. 10).
• Majority of fatal work zone crashes for all
  vehicles (59) and large trucks (71) occurred on
  roads with speed limits of 55 miles per hour or
  greater.

9
Work Zone Safety Fact Sheet 4

• Types of Crashes (1998 data)
• Significantly higher percentage of fatal work
  zone crashes are rear-end collisions (31) than
  in all two-vehicle fatal crashes (12)

10
Road Construction Hazards Fact Sheet

• For Laborers International Union of North
  America (LIUNA) members, employment in road
  construction is hazardous -
• 38 of members are employed in road construction
  activities, yet over 73 of on-the-job fatalities
  occurred in road and highway construction
• Highway and street construction activities (SIC
  1611) are among the most hazardous - fatality
  rate for highway construction workers is double
  the rate for other construction
• In the U.S., 120 to 130 workers die per year in
  road construction activities. Over 62 of the
  fatalities are not directly related to traffic
  issues.

11
Work Zone Mobility Fact Sheet 1

• More Construction Projects ? More Work Zones
• Since 1981, highway spending has grown 50.2
• Over the duration of the Transportation Equity
  Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21), funding levels
  for highway construction will increase nearly 40
  
• In 1997, 47.6 was spent on system preservation
  (resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation,
  reconstruction).
• As our highway system continues to age, more will
  be needed.

12
More Work Zones

• 160,000 miles of National Highway System and
  300,000 miles of arterials reaching middle age
• 1.4B infrastructure value increased
  preservation work is needed

13
Work Zone Mobility Fact Sheet 2

• More Traffic ? More Congestion
• Congestion has been projected to increase by 50
  in the next 10 years

14
Traffic is Growing

• The 1999 Conditions and Performance Report
  (CPR) shows increasing trends in both highway
  vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and Interstate daily
  VMT over a 10 year period.

• Were traveling more miles without increasing
  highway capacity significantly.
• Urban VMT and DVMT per lane-mile are growing
  faster than on rural highways.

15
Congestion is Growing

• According to the 1999 CPR, the percentage of
  highway miles considered extremely or
  severely congested more than doubled between
  1982 and 1997.
• The percentage uncongested highway miles fell
  by almost half during the same period.

16
Work Zone Mobility Fact Sheet 3

• More Congestion More Work Zones ? More Delay
  ?Driver Frustration
• In a 1995 NQI survey, only 29 of respondents
  were satisfied with traffic flow through work
  zones delays caused by construction received the
  lowest overall satisfaction rating.
• In the 2000 Omnibus Traveler Survey, the top
  reason cited for delays was heavy traffic,
  followed by road work.

17
Work Zone Mobility Fact Sheet 4

• More Congestion More Work Zones ? More Delay
  ?More
• Work Zone Delay Costs Daily road user delay
  costs on many urban freeway reconstruction
  projects have been calculated to be over 50,000
  per day.

18
Overall Congestion Costs

• A recent Texas Transportation Institute (TTI)
  study estimates the cost of congestion (in
  constant 1997 dollars) to have grown from 21B in
  1982 to 72B in 1997.

19
Work Zones . . .

• Take the roadway out of service
• Impact people and businesses
• Create frustration!

20
Consider Running a Factory

• The factory is profitable only when it is
  producing
• Need to minimize equipment down time to
  maximize profitability
• What do you do to keep it producing?
• Better equipment with fewer repairs
• Fast maintenance procedures
• Well-trained staff
• Redundant equipment
• Outsourcing options
• Contingency plans

21
Consider Our Transportation System as a Factory

• The Transportation System is part of the
  equipment that keeps the factory producing.
• It only makes money (or supports quality of life)
  when its producing.
• We need to minimize down time of the system.
• What do we do to keep our transportation system
  producing?
• Better materials that last longer
• Faster maintenance
• Better methods
• Alternate routes/modes to keep it running (moving
  people and goods)
• Good planning

22
Just as the cost of downtime is real to the
factory

• The cost of transportation system down time due
  to work zones is real to our users.

23
Mobility Safety

• Mobility and Safety are closely tied
• As congestion builds, crash rates increase.
• As crashes increase, more congestion occurs.

24
Why We Need Work Zones To Work Better

• More delays injuries/fatalities
• UNLESS
• WORK ZONES WORK BETTER

More work zones
More congestion
25
Work Zone Observations

• Most senior State and local transportation
  officials are keenly aware of the delays and
  economic impacts caused by work zones, but their
  philosophy has not been formally documented in
  policy statements and/or performance goals nor
  is this awareness ingrained in the culture of the
  agencies.
• All of the State and local transportation
  agencies recognize that completing the work
  safely is of utmost importance.
• Most States and local transportation agencies
  recognize the value of employing traffic
  management principles. However, their
  application has been limited to large high
  visibility projects.
• Although a few transportation agencies have begun
  to implement corridor management techniques,
  corridor traffic management is still in its
  infancy.

From Meeting the Customers Needs for Mobility
and Safety During Construction and Maintenance
Operations, Federal Highway Administration, 1998.
26
Work Zone Observations (contd)

• Some States utilize cross-cutting teams and
  proactively seek input from external stakeholders
  in the development of the project traffic
  management plan.
• Traditional bidding procedures do not reward or
  encourage contractors to produce higher quality
  work and/or expedite completion of the work.
• Traditional traffic control practices do not
  encourage the contractors to minimize motorist
  delay and/or enhance the safety of the work zone.
• Prediction models are available however, current
  usage is generally limited to large highly
  visible projects.
• There is a compelling need for a comprehensive
  effort to educate the general public, road users,
  and elected officials on the need for work zones,
  how to navigate safely through a work zone, and
  the dangers associated with them.

27
Work Zone Observations (contd)

• All transportation agencies are experiencing
  customers increasing demand for accurate real
  time information. Most State DOTs are meeting
  their customers needs on high impact projects
  however, a few agencies have expanded their
  program to include all projects.
• There is universal agreement that the most
  effective way of controlling speed in the work
  zone is to have a staffed police car with
  flashing lights at the beginning of the work
  zone.
• ITS technology has not been adapted/applied into
  work zone traffic management.
• There is a compelling need for accurate work zone
  crash data and the evaluation of traffic handling
  techniques in order to make sound decisions.

28
Overview

• Whats the Problem?
• Addressing the Problem FHWAs Work Zone
  Mobility and Safety Program
• Work Zone Best Practices Resources
• Work Zone Best Practices Applications
• How You Can Help!

29
The Opportunity to Make Work Zones Work Better

• We have
• Improved construction materials and processes
• New opportunities provided by technology
• Public frustration that creates political will
  and increased acceptance of innovative processes
• Greater means of sharing information about new
  materials and processes and technologies
• Internet/Web sites
• Conferences/workshops
• Peer-to-peer dialogue
• FHWAs Work Zone Mobility and Safety Program
• The Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

30
A National Agenda to Address the Impacts of Work
Zones

• Maximize availability of transportation network
• Minimize user impacts

31
National Work Zone Mobility and Safety Vision and
Goal

• National Work Zone Vision
• Maximize availability of the transportation
  network through traveler-focused system
  management that maximizes safety and minimizes
  delays due to work zones.
• Plan and conduct maintenance and improvements to
  the network in ways that minimize impacts to
  traffic flow and risks to road users and workers
  using a full life-cycle perspective.
• National Work Zone Goal
• Minimize impacts on user mobility and safety and
  worker safety due to work zones

32
A National FrameworkMaking Work Zones Work
Better
Transportation Planning
Continuously Track and Analyze Work Zone
Performance
Managing Traffic During Work Zones
Project Design for Construction and Maintenance
Traffic Control Planning
33
National Framework ? FHWA Program

• FHWA Program Objectives
• Develop national performance measures
• Track performance measures over time
• Increase use of performance measures

34
National Framework ? FHWA Program

• FHWA Program Objectives
• Make work zone considerations a routine part of
  transportation planning
• Institutionalize consideration of user impacts
  over the life cycle
• Promote corridor/network management perspective

35
National Framework ? FHWA Program

• FHWA Program Objectives
• Reduce construction duration (e.g., use of
  time-conscious construction methods)
• Increase use of innovative contracting techniques
• Ensure safe working environment
• Increase life cycle (more durable, higher quality
  projects)

36
National Framework ? FHWA Program

• FHWA Program Objectives
• Improve traffic control plans
• Assess safety impacts of TCPs on workers

37
National Framework ? FHWA Program

• FHWA Program Objectives
• Maximize worker and road user safety during WZ
• Facilitate use of real-time WZ management to
  minimize delay
• Better inform and involve the public
• Encourage prompt, effective incident response

38
The Three Ds

• Durability, Duration, Density
• Facility Durability - Reduce the of work zones
  Reduce the need for work zones through the use of
  improved materials and methods that increase the
  life cycle.
• Project Duration - Reduce the time a work zone is
  in place Reduce construction time in the roadway
  through better methods, policies, technologies,
  and operations.
• Traffic Density - Improve traffic flow in and
  around those work zones that must occur Decrease
  traveler delay and safety impacts due to work
  zones through better TDM, traveler information,
  traffic control, incident response, and work zone
  geometry.

39
Making Work Zones Work Better and Best Practices

• Work zone operations managers and operators
  realize distinct benefits from being aware of
  the current best practices available nationally.
• Solutions come from partners working together
  successfully to solve problems within the
  resources, authority, and relationships available
  to them.
• We can learn from the successes of federal,
  state, and local agencies and private sector
  partners working to improve mobility and safety
  on both sides of the barrel.

40
FHWA Work Zone Mobility and Safety Program
41
Overview

• Whats the Problem?
• Addressing the Problem FHWAs Work Zone Mobility
  and Safety Program
• Work Zone Best Practices Resources
• Work Zone Best Practices Applications
• How You Can Help!

42
FHWA Work Zone Best Practices Resources
43
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• Overview of the Guidebook
• How the Guidebook is Organized
• Guidebook Maintenance/Updates
• State-of-the-Art Work Zone Mobility and Safety
  Practices

44
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• Based on 1998 scanning tour of 26 states where
  work zone best practices were identified
• Collaboration between FHWA and AASHTO Work Zone
  Best Practices Task Force
• Includes cross-references and topical index
• Describes state-of-the-art practice as well as
  262 specific best practices
• Contains points of contact
• Will be updated as the state-of-the-practice
  evolves

45
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• Overview of the Guidebook
• How the Guidebook is Organized
• Guidebook Maintenance/Updates
• State-of-the-Art Work Zone Mobility and Safety
  Approaches

46
Guidebook Organization

• Best Practices are presented in 11 Best Practice
  Areas
• To facilitate finding applicable practices, the
  Best Practices are also sorted into
• 7 Cross-Reference lists
• A Topical Index of 41 topics and subtopics

47
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook Structure
48
Best Practices Information

• Each Best Practice Area begins with the
  State-of-the-Art
• Description of the state-of-the-art
• List of enabling objectives what transportation
  agencies/practitioners would need to do to
  achieve the state-of-the-art
• Next is a list of the specific best practices for
  that best practice area
• List organizes the practices into more specific
  subcategories

49
Best Practices Information (cont.)

• For each Best Practice, the Guidebook provides
• Reference number used in the cross-reference
  section
• Location where the practice/policy/technology was
  used
• Title of the Best Practice
• Description
• Reason(s) for adopting the practice/policy/technol
  ogy
• Biggest benefit(s) realized from the Best
  Practice
• Location and type(s) of projects where the Best
  Practice is most applicable/effective
• Contact(s)

50
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• Overview of the Guidebook
• How the Guidebook is Organized
• Guidebook Maintenance/Updates
• State-of-the-Art Work Zone Mobility and Safety
  Approaches

51
FHWA/AASHTO Partnership for Maintaining the Work
Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• AASHTO
• Access to Practitioners and Vendors
• Hands-on Experience and Activities
• Subject Matter Expertise
• Distribution Channels

• FHWA
• National Coordination
• Program Planning and Management
• Headquarters and Field resources
• Publication and Production Support

52
Role of the AASHTO Work Zone Technical Team in
Maintaining the Guidebook

• Review Current Content - Updates
• Review Guidebook content for accuracy, quality,
  completeness, and usefulness and recommend
  modifications, deletions, corrections.
• Review Guidebook media, format, and organization
  and recommend improvements that will improve
  access and utility.
• Recommend Future Content - Updates
• Identify and contribute new best practices to be
  added to the Guidebook.
• Assist in soliciting new best practices from
  practitioners, developers, vendors, and system
  users.
• Review best practices submissions and select
  those which are to be included in future editions
  of the Guidebook.
• Outreach
• Help publicize the Work Zone Best Practices
  Guidebook through professional organizations,
  presentations at technical meetings, professional
  and trade publications and other venues and
  outlets.
• Participate in Work Zone Best Practices Workshops
  as speakers, panelists, and participants.

53
Best Practices Guidebook Update Process
54
Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook

• Overview of the Guidebook
• How the Guidebook is Organized
• Guidebook Maintenance/Updates
• State-of-the-Art Work Zone Mobility and Safety
  Approaches

55
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices

• Policy and Procedure
• Decisions are based upon a customer driven
  comprehensive work zone traffic management policy
  that focuses on reducing the exposure of the road
  user and worker.
• Policy addresses high-quality design,
  construction, and maintenance operations,
  minimizing disruption to the highway user and
  maintaining a safe, efficient roadway environment
  for the traveling public and the highway worker.
  
• The organizational structure fully supports
  cross-cutting teams in all phases of work zone
  traffic management where capacity reductions
  adversely impact traffic flow.
• Public Relations, Education, and Outreach
  (General Public, Driver, and Elected Officials)
• The driving community and elected officials are
  informed, involved, and sensitive to the highway
  worker and work site safety needs.

From Meeting the Customers Needs for Mobility
and Safety During Construction and Maintenance
Operations, Federal Highway Administration, 1998.
56
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices (cont.)

• Prediction Modeling and Impact Analysis
  Congestion and Crashes
• Available predication/analysis tools are
  user-friendly and readily adapted to the local
  construction site and situation.
• These tools can accurately analyze and reliably
  predict congestion situations including travel
  times, queue length, travel speed, total delay,
  crash rates, severity levels, and interactive
  feedback to both the design and construction
  team.
• Planning and Programming
• A corridor approach is used in evaluating,
  planning, and programming.
• This process gives full consideration to
  long-range corridor needs, traffic demands,
  road-user costs, potential business community
  impacts, use of extended designs and
  high-performance material, and overall evaluation
  of total costs for the life of the improvement.

57
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices (cont.)

• Project Development/Design
• Motorist delay, road user and worker safety, and
  impacts to adjacent communities are assessed on
  all major urban and other high volume corridors.
  
• Cross-cutting teams and multi-agency/interests
  are used in developing alternatives and selecting
  the preferred design that minimizes present and
  future exposure to road users and workers.
• The project development process results in a TCP
  that provides for shared risk and benefits for
  owners, contractors, and traveling public.
• Contract times and motorist delays are minimized
  through the use of CPM scheduling and accelerated
  contracting procedures.
• Contracting and Bidding Procedures
• Contracting and bidding procedures reward
  contractors for quality work, innovation,
  accelerated early completions, minimizing
  motorists delays, and enhancing the safety of
  road-users and workers.
• On high-risk, high-visibility, and complex
  projects contractors are pre-qualified on the
  basis of quality and past performance.

58
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices (cont.)

• Specifications and Construction Materials,
  Methods, and Practices
• The same level of service is provided through the
  work zone.
• Workers are physically separated and are
  protected from the traffic.
• Work areas are sufficiently illuminated at night
  without blinding the motorist and gawk screens
  are used to prevent the motorists from being
  distracted during daytime operations.
• Contractors have a vested interest in quality,
  timeliness, and road-user safety.
• Facilities perform at an acceptable level of
  service for 35-50 years with the minimum planned
  systems preservation.
• Acceptance is based on performance.
• Traveler and Traffic Information (Project
  Related)
• Accurate real-time work zone (construction/mainten
  ance/utility operations) information is provided
  to the road users in sufficient time to make
  informed travel decisions.

59
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices (cont.)

• Enforcement
• Work zone trained and qualified, full-time
  uniformed police officers are readily available
  for construction and maintenance operations.
• State-of-the-art technology is used to maximize
  effectiveness of these police officers.
• ITS and Innovative Technology
• The ITS systems are used to automatically collect
  and analyze before, during, and after traffic
  flows in the work zones provide accurate
  real-time information automatically to motorists
  and to the construction team enforce speed as
  well as safely guide motorists through the work
  zone.

60
State-of-the-Art Work Zone Practices (cont.)

• Evaluation and Feedback
• Uniform work zone crash data is collected
  electronically in all States and the raw data is
  simultaneously transmitted to the State DOT.
• Work zone crash data is automatically analyzed
  and trends and reports are periodically furnished
  to appropriate DOT offices (including, but not
  limited to, design and construction project
  personnel).
• Performance measures for work zone
  congestion/delay are used to evaluate how well
  agencies are meeting performance goals for
  mobility and safety in work zones.
• Motorists provide perspectives on how well their
  demands for mobility and safety in work zone are
  being met.

61
Overview

• Whats the Problem?
• Addressing the Problem FHWAs Work Zone
  Mobility and Safety Program
• Work Zone Best Practices Resources
• Work Zone Best Practices Applications
• How You Can Help!

62
Work Zone Best Practices Application

• How to Use the Guidebook to Find Best Practices -
  An Application Framework
• Practice Applications of Work Zone Best Practices

63
Work Zone Best Practices Checklist
64
Density How can we reduce the delay caused by
the work zone?
Facility Life Cycle
Construction
Design
Planning
Policy
Work Zone Impact Area

• Operations (traffic mgmt)
• Work Scheduling
• TDM
• Queues
• Delays
• Enforcement
• Implementation

• Modeling and analysis/ Metrics
• TCPs
• Enforce-ment
• ATIS
• PTMS

• Incentives (traffic delays)
• TMPs
• Expectations/goals
• Metrics
• Corridor management

• Maximum delay policies
• Enforce-ment
• Safety

Traffic Density
Duration
Durability
65
Duration How can we minimize the time it takes
to build a project?
66
Durability Can we reduce the need for a work
zone?
67
Work Zone Best Practices Application

• How to Use the Guidebook to Find Best Practices -
  An Application Framework
• Practice Applications of Work Zone Best Practices

68
Sample Problem 1 Bridge Rehabilitation

• Project Description
• A bridge with two separate structures (one for
  eastbound traffic and one for westbound traffic)
  carries about 43,000 vehicles a day on average,
  over a river to and from the downtown of a
  mid-size city. Each structure has 3 lanes.
• Work involved the eastbound structure and would
  consist of removing and replacing the bridge
  deck, removing and replacing the structural steel
  flooring system, and blasting and painting the
  entire structure.
• Past work on or near the bridge has resulted in
  30-minute traffic delays.
• Develop a plan for construction and traffic
  management.
• Eastbound structure needs to be closed for most
  of the project.
• What best practices can be used to enhance
  mobility and safety in the work zone?
• How can the Best Practices Guidebook be used to
  help?

69
Response for Sample Problem 1

• Use the Cross-Reference Lists in the Guidebook
• Nature of Work ?Bridge Repair, Bridge Maintenance
• BP 30 - Use of commuter incentives to minimize
  congestion in work zones
• BP 116 - Contractor hired by design consultant
  to do constructability review on bridge (AB
  bidding)
• BP 135 - Contract award of Interstate bridge
  repair project based on performance and cost
• Project Life Cycle Stage ? most categories,
  including Traffic Control, Traffic
  Control/Management Plans
• BP 5 - Traffic management plan on major urban
  project
• BP 95 - Traffic Management Workgroups
• Roadway Characteristics ? Multi-lane, Divided
  Facilities
• BP 75 - Promotion of AB bidding lane rentals,
  incentives/disincentives, PR campaign
• BP 90 - High Impact Project Task Forces

70
Response for Sample Problem 1 (cont.)

• Use the Search Feature of the Guidebook CD to
  find some potential best practices
• Search on bridge
• BP 61 - Multi-jurisdiction TCP and public
  outreach for bridge closure project
• BP 94 - Use of a Steering Committee
• BP 121 - Summertime Bridge Reconstruction
  Program
• Search on lane closure

71
Response for Sample Problem 1 (cont.)

• Use the Topical Index
• Community Involvement
• Education/Outreach
• Innovative Contracting
• Public Relations
• Traffic Management Technologies
• Traffic Management/Control
• Traveler Information
• Real-Time Traveler Information BP 221 -
  ADAPTIR
• Work Zone Lane Management
• Worker Safety

72
Response for Sample Problem 1 (cont.)

• Using a combination of
• A movable barrier - The westbound structure
  carried two-way traffic using a reversible middle
  lane. A movable concrete barrier was moved twice
  daily to make 2 lanes of travel for peak hour
  traffic flow direction
• Traffic management system with real-time
  information
• AB bidding
• Being proactive in working with local officials
  and the media
• An innovative overhead crane system to facilitate
  placement of the new bridge deck and movement of
  materials
• Traffic delays and frustration were reduced
• The media was waiting for traffic to back up and
  it didnt.
• No one could believe how smoothly traffic flowed
  because of the past history of backups on the
  bridge.

73
Sample Problem 2 Interstate Highway
Reconstruction

• Project Description
• Resurfacing and reconstruction of underlying
  roadbed, safety upgrades, major bridge
  rehabilitation, and drainage improvements are
  needed.
• Roadbed is almost 30 years old and needs serious
  safety improvements and repairs. 70 of the
  joints in the sections that will be replaced have
  failed or need repair, on-ramps and bridges need
  structural or safety improvements.
• Project will include northbound and southbound
  lanes each direction has 2 lanes.
• Develop a plan for construction and traffic
  management What best practices can be used to
  enhance mobility and safety in the work zone?
• How can the Best Practices Guidebook be used to
  help?

74
Response for Sample Problem 2

• A combination of
• Extensive planning
• Widespread community involvement
• Project phasing
• Total road closure strategy
• Year-long information campaign to alert the
  public to alternate ways to travel (mode and
  route)
• Alternate routes (make improvements on them,
  encourage use)
• Increased use of public transit (new routes,
  publicity)
• Were used to obtain
• The shortest reasonable construction period
• At the least expense
• With a minimum of construction disruptions
• All work was completed on-time or faster than
  planned

75
Overview

• Whats the Problem?
• Addressing the Problem FHWAs Work Zone
  Mobility and Safety Program
• Work Zone Best Practices Resources
• Work Zone Best Practices Applications
• How You Can Help!

76
How You Can Help!

• Register to receive notice of Guidebook updates.
• Use the best practices to plan, implement, and
  operate highway work zones.
• Seek advice from individuals with experience and
  expertise.
• Submit good ideas and best practices for work
  zone mobility and safety.
• Provide feedback on whats working and whats not
  working.
• Let FHWA know where you think additional research
  and development work is needed.

77
Useful Work Zone Web Sites

• FHWA Office of Operations Work Zone Mobility and
  Safety Web Site
• http//www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/workzone.htm
• FHWA Office of Safety Web Site Work Zone
  Information
• http//safety.fhwa.dot.gov/programs/wsz.htm
• FHWA National Work Zone Awareness Week Web Site
• http//safety.fhwa.dot.gov/fourthlevel/nwzaw01.htm
  
• National Work Zone Safety Information
  Clearinghouse
• http//wzsafety.tamu.edu