The Ten Keys Of Reading Achievement: Unlocking The Potential Of Every Child

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The Ten Keys Of Reading Achievement Unlocking
The Potential Of Every Child

• Sponsored by the Oregon Dept. of Special
  Education with the Office of Curriculum,
  Instruction and Professional Technical Education
  in collaboration with the Oregon Parent Training
  and Information Center
• Funding for these trainings is provided through
  the
• Special Education State Improvement Grant

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Purpose of family trainings

• To successfully promote reading achievement
  among all Oregon's students in collaboration with
  their families, educators, and communities.

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Family trainings emphasize

• Scientifically-based reading research.
• Effective practices in instructional approaches.
• Critical contributions of families.

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Key One Understanding Concepts Of Reading Theory
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Early Reading Acquisition

• Emergent literacy begins in infancy. The moment
  you began speaking to your child, you became your
  childs first reading teacher.

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Emergent Literacy Skills

• Vocabulary knowing the names of things.
• Print awareness understanding that English
  follows basic rules.
• Narrative skills being able to understand and
  tell stories.
• Letter knowledge knowing that each letter
  differs in appearance, name, and sound.
• Print motivation A childs interest and pleasure
  with books.

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• Families contribute to a childs emergent
  literacy by talking to and reading to their
  children.
• Research has demonstrated that rich language
  exposure at an early age is one of the greatest
  contributors to early reading achievement.

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From Reading To Meaning

• Bottom-Up Approach
• Focus on teaching skills needed to read such as
  phonics, letter recognition, and decoding
  strategies.
• Top-Down Approach
• Focus on meaningful reading and writing
  activities (whole language).
• Bi-directional Approach
• A holistic model that draws upon bottom-up and
  top-down approaches.

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Five Big Ideas in Beginning Reading

• Phonemic awareness
• Alphabetic principle
• Vocabulary
• Comprehension
• Reading fluency

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Reading An Interactive Process

• Individual life experiences form our beliefs
  (schemata) and help us make sense of new
  information.
• Providing support (scaffolding) can help a child
  reach a new concept or skill.
• Readers must
• Develop the ability to gauge their understanding
  of a piece of text, and
• Develop skills to help when they do not
  understand (metacognition).

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Individual Differences In Reading Development

• Reading development varies according to
  individual differences.
• Whatever a childs reading ability, there is
  always room for growth.
• Reading development is a continuous cycle.

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Detecting Reading Challenges

• With the right combination of detection and
  instruction, all children can learn to read.
• Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skill
  (DIBELS) is one assessment tool.

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Key Two Applying Reading Theory
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Instructional Approaches

• Explicit instruction.
• Grouping for instruction.
• Feedback to students.
• Teaching to mastery.
• Guided oral reading.
• Allocated and engaged time.
• Peer learning.

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Age Appropriate Instruction Kindergarten

• Oral language activities
• Read alouds
• Activities that demonstrate writing
• Print-directed activities
• Phonemic awareness activities
• Word recognition activities

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Age Appropriate Instruction First Grade

• Continued instruction in sound structures.
• Daily independent reading of texts.
• Spelling-sound correspondences activities.
• Building recognition of sight words.
• Continue development of phonemic skills.
• Development of comprehension skills.

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Age Appropriate Instruction Second And Third
Grades

• Continued instruction in phonemic awareness and
  alphabetic principle.
• Spelling instruction of simple to more complex.
• Explicit vocabulary instruction.
• Introduction to text-based learning.
• Building comprehension and background knowledge.
• Increased involvement in discussion about books.
• Learning to write about the ideas encountered in
  their text.

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Extending The Curriculum

• Early language experiences impact your childs
  future in school.
• Help your child develop a love for reading.
• Help your child make time for reading.

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Reading Together

• Read in a cozy place.
• Read anything the child likes.
• Read and sing.
• Select books with colorful pictures.
• Involve the child.

• Read a book you create together.
• Hold a prop while reading.
• Keep books where child can reach.
• Read predictable stories.

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Make Time To Read

• Develop reading rituals.
• Select several books to read at a time.
• Allow ½ hour before bed to read.
• Give older children a choice between napping or
  reading.
• Schedule time into vacation for reading.
• Set aside a family time for reading together.

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Different Ways To Think About ReadingDifferent
Learning Styles

• For bilingual children, choose books written in
  two languages. Ask the child to translate parts.
• Build a stock of familiar stories. Act out the
  stories from memory.
• Prolong the story by asking, What happens next?

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• Put your child into the story by asking, what
  would you have done?
• Ask questions about illustrations and play games
• Find all the green things, or circles, or count
  the eyes.
• What do you think the (frog) is feeling?

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Key Three Supporting At Promise Readers
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Who Are At Promise Readers?

• At promise readers are those children for whom
  reading does not come with relative ease.

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Getting The Help Your Child Needs

• Families are often the first to detect that
  their child is having difficulties reading.
• Early identification and intervention can lessen
  future problems.

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If You Have Concerns About Your Childs Learning

• Talk to your childs teacher or school personnel.
• Contact the Oregon Parent Training and
  Information Center, a statewide family advocacy
  organization at
• www.orpti.org
• Or call their Help Line at
• (888-891-6784)

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Balanced Approaches To Support At Promise Readers

• Direct instruction
• Scaffolding
• Inclusion
• Assistive technology

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Direct Instruction

• Explicitly teach components of reading.
• Show children what they are expected to do.
• Assist children to achieve goals.

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Scaffolding Scaffolded Reading Experience (SRE)

• Scaffolding is when an adult or peer assists and
  guides a child so that they can do something they
  may not be able to do without support.
• SRE emphasize the social nature of learning and
  provide assistance depending on an individuals
  needs.

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Inclusion

• At promise readers benefit from inclusion
  through
• Promotion of social interaction
• Fostering of friendships
• Increased models of language and language use
• Positive behavioral support through peer role
  models
• Enhanced self development

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Inclusionary Practices For Readers

• Small group work
• Read alouds
• Peer mentors and reading buddies

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Transitions In School

• Smooth transitions require
• Collaboration between teachers, specialists, and
  family.
• Supportive school policies.
• Consideration of the childs learning needs and
  transitional needs.

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Focusing On The Promise A Time For Optimism

• Today, more children have access to optimal
  educational programs.
• Research and practice show that all children can
  achieve success.
• Shared planning and collaboration are critical to
  continued success.

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Key Four Culturally Appropriate Literature
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Defining Culture

• Culture is learned and dynamic while ethnicity is
  ones bio-genetic inheritance.

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Defining Culture continued

• Culture includes how we view the world, how we
  live, how we speak and celebrate, and how we
  express ourselves through language, movement,
  sound, and art.

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Defining Culturally Appropriate Literature
Culturally appropriate literature takes into
consideration

• Non-traditional families.
• Groups with different physical and mental
  abilities.

• Cultural groups within ethnicities.
• World religions.
• Languages.

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The Importance Of Culturally Appropriate
Childrens Literature

• Culturally appropriate childrens literature
  acts as a strong motivational force to read when
  there is enough of the familiar to make each
  child feel involved, and enough of the different
  to intrigue and entice them.

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The Importance of Culturally Appropriate
Childrens Literature continued

• Reading helps children develop a sense of self
  and others.
• Multicultural stories help children to learn
  about themselves and the connectedness of all
  people.
• Reading multicultural literature helps us
  understand that our way of interacting with the
  world is not the only way.

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Impact On The Majority Culture.

• If what we know about ourselvesour history, our
  culture, our national identityis distorted by
  absences, denials, and incompleteness, then our
  identity as individuals and as Americans, is
  fragmented.
• William Pinar

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Rethinking Multicultural Education

• In approaching multicultural education we must
  think holistically about curriculum and that
  requires rethinking and questioning what we do at
  school and at home.

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Key Five Connecting Home And School
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Ideas For Parents And Teachers Working Together

• Family Lending Library
• Family Classbooks
• Interactive Homework
• Family Hosted Book Fairs
• Pets (and Pals) Partner in Reading

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More Ideas For Parents And Teachers Working
Together

• Family Calendars
• Involvement of Families form Diverse Cultures
• Learning about Language and Each Other
• Class Cookbooks

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Case Study 1 Partners Purpose

• Partners Families of 28 children, local
  educational administration, school reading
  specialist, school psychologist, and teachers.
• Purpose To increase the amount of time families
  spend reading with their children.

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Case Study 1 The Program

• Chili Kickoff recruitment event.
• Special after-school literary events.
• Calendar for participating families
• to record amount of time spent reading with their
  child.
• listing literary events, extended library hours,
  and reading tips.
• At the end of the month, calendar pages entered
  into drawing for prizes.

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Case Study 1 Results

• Families and children reported more enjoyment
  reading at home.
• Greater measurable reading progress for children.

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Things To Remember

• We each have a unique contribution to make.
• Our involvement will vary over time as the
  demands of our life shift or we acquire new
  skills
• When choosing what role to play, consider what
  will most benefit your child, your family, your
  classroom.

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Key Six Effective Schools
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The Seven Correlates of Effective Schools

• Instructional leadership
• Clear and focused mission
• Safe and orderly environment
• Climate of high expectations

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The Seven Correlates of Effective Schools
continued

• Frequent monitoring of student progress
• Positive home-to-school relations
• Opportunity to learn and student time on task

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Effective Classrooms for Reading Achievement

• Small group work
• Independent reading
• Coached phonics
• Higher level questioning
• Communication with parents

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Examining Your Schools EffectivenessA Sampling
of Questions

• Policies
• Does the schools mission statement affirm that
  all students will attain mastery of essential
  skills needed for academic success?
• Leadership
• How are students, families, and teachers invited
  to share ideas and resources?

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Examining Your Schools EffectivenessA Sampling
of Questions

• Communication
• How do teachers and families communicate with
  each other about a childs reading progress?
• Community
• Which community partners has the school invited
  to participate in reading achievement?

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Key Seven Community Partnerships
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Why Form Partnerships?

• Partnerships provide rich opportunities to
  benefit from the wealth of resources available in
  a community.
• Community partnerships unleash a host of talents
  that support our children and reward all who
  participate.

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Examples Of Partnerships

• S.M.A.R.T.Start Making a Reader Today
• S.U.N.Schools Uniting Neighborhoods Initiative
• Even Start
• Family Empowerment Program at Arleta Elementary
  School
• After School Alliances http//www.afterschoolallian
  ce.org

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Key Eight Holistic Assessment
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• Assessments are helpful in diagnosing and
  monitoring factors that may affect a childs
  reading achievement

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Types Of Assessment

• Cognitive tests measure verbal and non-verbal
  language, problem solving, attention, memory and
  reasoning.
• Family child strengths evaluations focus on
  what the child can do well.

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Types Of Assessment

• Health assessments can determine concerns such as
  illness, chronic disorders, hearing and visual
  impairments.
• Social and emotional assessment can determine if
  problems might be resolved through intervention
  such as counseling or a change in programming.

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Methods Of Assessment

• A test is standardized when the same test is
  given to all children in the same way. The same
  materials are used and the same amount of time is
  allowed for all children.
• A standardized test has been given to large
  groups of children to establish a norm or
  average. This norm provides a comparison for
  interpreting the results of an individual childs
  test.

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• Portfolio assessment involves creating a
  collection of your childs work. Portfolios can
  include samples of writing, drawing, math, or any
  subject area being assessed. A portfolio is
  useful for showing progress through the school
  year or from grade to grade.

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• Functional behavior assessment analyzes the
  purpose of a childs behavior by asking questions
  of the child, teachers, parents, and other people
  who know the child well. The assessment seeks to
  understand the causes and results of the
  behavior.

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How Assessments Are Used

• Measure academic progress and knowledge in a
  subject area.
• Compare schools within a community.
• Measure childrens progress over time.
• Help design the curriculum.
• Determine need for specialized services.

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Making Assessment Work For You And Your Child

• If a child is having trouble in school, an
  assessment may be requested by the school or the
  family.
• If you have concerns about your childs
  performance speak directly to your childs
  teacher.
• Family participation is essential in providing
  holistic assessment.

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Key Nine Developing A Reading Achievement Plan
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What Is A Reading Achievement Plan?

• A reading achievement plan is a tool to help you
  help your child.
• A reading achievement plan clearly outlines
  specific goals to support your child as a
  developing reader.
• These goals are designed based on the childs
  individual strengths and needs.

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Parts Of A Reading Achievement Plan

• Statement about childs current reading level.
• Statement of reading goals.
• Review of childs strengths interests.

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Parts Of A Reading Achievement Plan

• Description of instructional strategies in
  classroom.
• Descriptions of instructional activities in the
  home.
• An assessment schedule.
• Review of collaborations and partnerships.

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Key Ten Uniting The Keys
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Ten Keys

• When we unite the keys can we unlock the treasure
  of reading achievement.

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Families

• Families provide the foundation for reading
  achievement.

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Partnerships

• Families play a central role in developing a
  childs skill and passion for reading.
• They are supported in this task by teachers,
  school, and community.

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United In Our Efforts

• Bridging home, school, and community we can
  ensure that all children are at promise to read.

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Leave No Child Behind

• In demonstrating the spirit of Leave No Child
  Behind let us be united in our efforts to
  support reading achievement.