Use of PCR to study environmental contaminations

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Use of PCR to study environmental contaminations
AVIAN MYCOPLASMAS PCR
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Mycoplasma

• simple biological organization
• resistant on different inert supports
• (drinking water, litters, breeding materials,
  feed)
• resistant on live supports
• (people, wild birds and rodents)

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Interest of environmental PCR test

• micro-organism persistence in poultry flock area
  could be the source of indirect contamination via
  environment
• check decontamination practice

4
Environmental sampling

• Mycoplasma is mainly borne on air and dust
• collecting dust enable mycoplasma detection
• we have developed drag swab sampling versus
  classical swab can collect more dust on a
  larger surface.

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Field Study

• Use of ADIAVET MYCOAV? to detect mycoplasma in
  poultry flock area.
• Two turkey farms were selected,
• - the first flock was MS infected
• - the second flock was MG infected

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Field Study

• 1st flock
• turkey breeders in growing period
• 13 weeks of age
• MS infected (PCR on tracheal swabs, RSA)
• 1st sampling was done 2 days after 100 of the
  animals was found positive by PCR
• OTC was then given in drinking water
• 2nd sampling was done 2 weeks later

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Field Study on MS
Slaughtering/disinfection
PCR Result on MS turkey house
.
DS drag swab nd not done
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Field Study

• Comments
• antibiotic reduce MS excretion in turkeys but
  bacteria persist on the wall
• the bottom of the flock seem to be more infected
• the air extractor concentrate the dust and MS and
  seem to be a good indicator of the contamination
  level of the flock

9
Field Study

• 2nd flock
• turkey breeders in growing period
• 12 weeks of age
• MG infected (PCR on tracheal swabs, RSA)
• 1st sampling was done 2 days after 100 of the
  animals was found positive by PCR
• The animals were slaughtered
• 2nd and 3rd sampling was done after disinfection

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Field validation
PCR result on MG turkey house

DS Dry drag swab
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Field Study

• Comments
• MG can be found on every part of the building in
  the presence of animals
• After the first disinfection, MG still remains in
  the entrance hall ? ? ? immediate phone call to
  the poultry firm to prevent introduction of
  animals in a contaminated area
• After the second disinfection, the building is
  ready to receive new chicken.

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Conclusion

• Mycoplasma are present on inert part of a
  building containing infected poultry
• PCR realized on drag swabs allows the detection
  of these organisms
• PCR seems to be a good tool to check the cleaning
  and disinfection before bringing birds in a
  contaminated area,