Impaired and Distracted Driving by South Dakota Youth Lee Axdahl Accident Records Supervisor South D - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Impaired and Distracted Driving by South Dakota Youth Lee Axdahl Accident Records Supervisor South D

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Title: Impaired and Distracted Driving by South Dakota Youth Lee Axdahl Accident Records Supervisor South D


1
Impaired and Distracted Driving by South Dakota
YouthLee AxdahlAccident Records
SupervisorSouth Dakota Office of Highway Safety
2
  • Vehicles have many safety features
  • Seatbelt and shoulder straps
  • Air-bags
  • Padded dashboards
  • Safety glass
  • Anti-locking brakes, and
  • Collapsible steering columns but

3
  • Recent years have seen new driving challenges
  • Increased traffic congestion on our roads
  • Many new technologies are now available for use
    in automobiles
  • One technology particularly surrounded by debate
    is the cell phone (and MP3 players)

4
Generally Accepted Distracted Driving Realities
  • Multitasking results in multiple tasks competing
    for a drivers attentional resources and
  • Multitasking while driving results in less
    efficient visual search, slower reaction times,
    and fewer and shorter eye fixations.
  • George Mason University Study

5
In Other Words
6
Add this to the list and trouble is bound to be
around the corner.
7
Is That The Only Problem?
  • Another factor is the inability of most young
    drivers to adequately assess and respond to risk.
    Why?
  • The frontal brain lobe is responsible for
    cognitive functions that control life-saving
    behavior such as hazard anticipation and risk
    management. And?
  • Brain imaging studies show this lobe does not
    fully develop until drivers are 25.

8
Or as Homer Simpson would say Doh!
9
A South Dakota Example
  • CRASH REPORT NARRATION
  • the driver lost control of the vehicle, entered
    the east ditch, crossed the fence line and then
    rolled multiple times. The driver, who was
    deceased at the scene, was located outside the
    vehicle. The crash is believed to have occurred
    numerous hours before discovery.
  • The driver was last seen at approximately 1030
    PM the night before.
  • 609124 16 Year Old Male

10
Fact
  • Inexperience behind the wheel is the leading
    cause of teenage crashes
  • NHTSA

11
South Dakota Example 2
  • CRASH REPORT NARRATION
  • the right rear tire blew out and the driver lost
    control. Vehicle began to slide sideways
    crossing the oncoming lane of traffic and
    entering the north ditch rolling two times.
  • Back seat passenger was ejected out the back
    window sustaining fatal injuries
  • 613662 18 Year Old Male

12
Fact
  • Approximately two thirds of teens killed in
    automobile crashes are not wearing seatbelts.
  • NHTSA

13
South Dakota Example 3
  • CRASH REPORT NARRATION
  • Vehicle was traveling at a high rate of speed
    attempting to jump the vehicle on a drainage dip
    in the roadway. Vehicle hit the dip and became
    airborne. The driver lost control and swerved to
    miss a vehicle at the stop sign.
  • vehicle struck a tree and came to rest on its
    roofdriver was partially ejected and died at the
    scene
  • 614245 - 16 Year Old Male

14
Fact
  • 16 Year Olds have higher crash rates than drivers
    of any other age.
  • NHTSA

15
South Dakota Example 4
  • CRASH REPORT NARRATION
  • Vehicle traveling in excess of posted speed limit
    and over steered the curve causing vehicle to
    skid and then roll three times along the drainage
    ditchvehicle then struck the bottom of the
    drainage ditch
  • driver was ejected from the vehicle and found
    approximately 80 feet from the roadway
  • 701708 19 Year Old Male

16
Fact
  • Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of
    death for teenagers.
  • NHTSA

17
South Dakota Example 5
  • CRASH REPORT NARRATION
  • driver drifted off the road into the west ditch
    for an unknown reason. As unit entered the ditch
    it collided with a delineator post. After the
    collision with the post, the driver of the
    vehicle attempted to bring the unit back onto the
    roadway and overcorrected, causing her to lose
    control and roll three times, ejecting both
    occupants
  • 709398 16 Year Old Female Killed
  • 17 Year Old Male Killed

18
Fact
  • Statistics conclude that 16 17 year old driver
    death rates increase with each additional
    passenger.
  • Insurance Institute for Highway Safety

19
South Dakota TeenagersSafety Equipment Usage By
Drivers Killed Or Injured In Motor Vehicle Crashes
20
South Dakota TeenagersIs The No Drinking
Driving LessonBeing Learned?
21
South Dakota TeenagersNot badthe last three
years are below the 13 year fatality average!
22
South Dakota TeenagersBut its still them
versus us and the picture isnt encouraging!
23
South Dakota TeenagersAnd the year to year
averages are notin drastic flux lessons being
learned?
31.3
15.0
8.7
24
You Think Thats Bad?
  • Dont even ask about teenagers on motorcycles!

25
South Dakota TeenagersPercent Motorcycle
Licenses versus Percent Fatal Injury
Motorcycle Crashes
26
South Dakota TeenagersDoing their best to stay
average!
12.3
27
Recarte Nunes Research
  • Published in March, 2000 by the American
    Psychological Association
  • Recorded the eye movements of drivers while they
    performed verbal and spatial-visual tasks
  • Also measured how often each driver checked his
    or her side and rear mirrors and the speedometer

28
Findings
  • During visual-verbal tasks unrelated to driving,
    the driver fixated on certain points longer and
    glanced less frequently at his/her mirrors and
    dashboard instruments
  • During visual-verbal tasks, the drivers eye
    freezes up and the visual inspection window
    decreases, affecting peripheral vision and
    perception of the environment

29
Findings
  • When cognitively complex tasks are performed
    while driving, the visual inspection window
    decreases between 25-40 horizontally, and 40-60
    vertically.
  • Technical term for the phenomena
  • TUNNEL VISION

30
Findings
  • Therefore, the study finds, that the potential of
    using a cell phone is one thing (visual task)add
    an in-depth conversation requiring considerable
    mental effort (verbal task) and an already risky
    behavior is compounded

31
2002 George Mason University Distracted Driving
Study
  • Examine the nature and scope of the distracted
    driving issue
  • To identify and develop strategies that might
    help minimize distracted driving

32
George Mason University Study
  • RESEARCH FINDINGS
  • The extent of the distracted driving problem
    is not clearly defined, validated, or
    determined and terminology is inconsistent
  • It is not clear how specific behaviors affect
    driving capacities differently in magnitude
    or effect

33
South Dakota Teen DriverContributing Factors To
Crashes
34
South Dakota Teen DriverContributing Factors To
Crashes
35
South Dakota Teen DriverContributing Factors To
Crashes
36
South Dakota Tasks?
  • Define distracted driving for consistency
  • As it applies to all drivers?
  • As it applies to SDCL?
  • As it applies to enforcement?
  • Categorize distracted driving incidents to
    validate extent of problem
  • Cell Phone related?
  • MP3, etc related?
  • Traffic related?

37
South Dakota Tasks?
  • Determine methods to educate drivers
  • Remedial education for existing drivers?
  • Inclusion in Drivers Education program?
  • Major media reinforcement
  • Legislative or Policy
  • Proposed legislation should be supported by
    current research
  • The fact that Distracted Driving is not an
    offense inhibits the ability for enforcement to
    cite

38
End
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