AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS)

1
AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS)
PRESENTER ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER PJL DU
TOIT HEAD SA POLICE SERVICE CRIMINAL RECORD
CENTRE (SAPS CRC)
2
SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICE
CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE (SAPS CRC)
JUSTICE THROUGH IDENTITY
3
STRUCTURES SAPS CRC LCRC
4
PRIMARY FUNCTION CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT
(CRC)

• THE IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION OF PREVIOUS
• CONVICTIONS OF CRIMINALS/ OFFENDERS/ PERSONS
  BY
• MEANS OF FINGERPRINTS

5
CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (CRC)

• LOCATED IN PRETORIA
• ESTABLISHED 1st APRIL 1925
• STAFF COMPLEMENT
• 400 PERSONNEL
• NATIONAL TEN FINGERPRINT COLLECTION 5.1
  MILLION

6
PRIMARY FUNCTION LOCAL CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE
COMPONENT (LCRC)

• SPECIALISED INVESTIGATION OF CRIME SCENES
• AND THE SCIENTIFIC COLLECTION OF EXHIBITS AT
• THE SCENE OF CRIME

7
LOCAL CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (LCRC)

• LCRC DIRECTORATE AT NATIONAL LEVEL
• REPRESENTED IN ALL 9 PROVINCES
• 90 DECENTRALISED OFFICES
• UNSOLVED SCENE-OF-CRIME FINGERPRINT
• COLLECTION 1 MILLION
• STAFF COMPLEMENT
• 2100 PERSONNEL

8
PROVINCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LCRCs
9
DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM
DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL
SYSTEM

• MANUAL SEARCHES BECAME A BLOCKAGE IN THE
• INTEGRATED CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (ICJS)

• MANUAL SYSTEM WAS INEFFICIENT INEFFECTIVE
• AWAITING TRIAL PRISONERS, BAIL APPLICATIONS,
  'WANTED" PERSONS ETC.

• UNACCEPTABLE LEVEL OF ACCURACY
• HARDENED CRIMINALS RELEASED INTO SOCIETY DUE
  TO MISIDENTIFICATIONS

• UNACCEPTABLE RESPONSE TIMES
• APPROXIMATELY 55 DAYS TO PRODUCE A PREVIOUS
  CONVICTION REPORT

• LONG TRAINING PERIOD
• RECRUITS ONLY PRODUCTIVE AFTER 2 YEARS OF
  TRAINING

10
WHY AN AFIS FOR SAPS?

• THE SAPS CRC HAS BEEN MANAGING A MANUAL
  FINGERPRINT
• SYSTEM OF ALL KNOWN CONVICTED CRIMINALS SINCE
  1925
• THE SAPS LCRCS HAVE BEEN MANAGING LOCALISED
• COLLECTIONS OF SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS
  SINCE 1900
• THE EVER INCREASING FINGERPRINT COLLECTION OF
• CRIMINAL FINGERPRINTS HAS LEAD TO VARIOUS
• DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL
  SYSTEM
• THESE DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES FORCED SAPS
• TO INVESTIGATE THE AUTOMATION IN THE MANUAL
  SYSTEM
• THIS HAS LEAD TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF AN
  AUTOMATED
• FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS) AS A
  POSSIBLE
• SOLUTION

11
SOLUTION TO CRISES FACED BY SAPS
(BACKGROUND)

• THE ICJS BOARD HAS RECOGNISED THE PROCUREMENT
• OF AN AFIS AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
  PRIORITIES
• TO ADDRESS THE BLOCKAGES IN THE ICJS
• CABINET APPROVED THE ACQUISITION OF AN AFIS
  DURING 1996
• HOWEVER, NO BUDGET WAS AVAILABLE FOR THE
• PROCUREMENT OF AN AFIS
• IN JANUARY 1999 THE SAPS RECEIVED AN OFFER FROM
• THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT TO MAKE AVAILABLE AN
  AFIS
• AT A DISCOUNTED PRICE
• ON 28 SEPTEMBER 2000 AN AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED
  BETWEEN
• THE SAPS, IDC AND SAGEM (THE FRENCH SUPPLIER)

12
IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS

• THE AFIS WAS IMPLEMENTED IN PHASES, FROM
• NOVEMBER 2000 TO AUGUST 2002
• PHASE 1
• NATIONAL TEN FINGERPRINT CARD PREPARATION,
  REPAIRS, BAR-CODING AND ALPHANUMERIC DATA
  CAPTURING
• 4.5 MILLION SETS OF
  FINGERPRINTS
• PHASE 2
• SOFTWARE CUSTOMISATION AND SYSTEM INTEGRATION
• CUSTOMISATION OF THE SUPPLIERS
  SOFTWARE ACCORDING
• TO THE SAPSS REQUIREMENTS
• INTEGRATION OF THE AFIS AND
  CRIMINAL RECORD IDENTIFICATION
• SYSTEM (CRIM)

13
IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS

• PHASE 3
• CONVERSION OF TEN FINGERPRINT CARD IMAGES TO
  AN
• ELECTRONIC FORMAT
• CONVERSION OF 4.5 MILLON SETS OF
  FINGERPRINTS OR 45 MILLION FINGERPRINT
• IMAGES TO AN ELECTRONIC FORMAT
• PHASE 4
• AFIS DATABASE DATA LOAD
• THE LOADING OF THE 45 MILLION FINGERPRINT
  IMAGES ONTO THE AFIS DATABASE
• PHASE 5
• IMPLEMENTATION OF CENTRAL SITE IN PRETORIA
• INSTALLATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
  CENTRAL SYSTEMS HARDWARE,
• SOFTWARE AND DATABASE IN A SECURE
  ENVIRONMENT (FEBRUARY 2002)

14
IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS

• PHASE 6
• TRAINING OF SYSTEM ADMINISTRATORS,OPERATORS
  AND
• EXPERT OPERATORS
• THE TRAINING OF 564 PERSONNEL MEMBERS 8
  AFIS ADMINISTRATORS,
• 12 TRAINERS, 338 OPERATORS AND 206 EXPERT
  OPERATORS WITHIN 5 MONTHS
• (MARCH 2002 JULY 2002)
• PHASE 7
• IMPLEMENTATION AT LCRCs
• THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 118 AFIS WORKSTATIONS
  AT 35 LCRCS COUNTRYWIDE
• WITHIN 6 MONTHS (MARCH 2002 AUGUST 2002).
• SAPS AFIS
• DECENTRALISED SYSTEM WITH CENTRAL SEARCH
• CAPABILITIES, SEARCHING CRIMINAL AND
  NON-CRIMINAL
• TEN FINGERPRINTS AND SCENE OF CRIME
  FINGERPRINTS

15
AFIS ARCHITECTURE CENTRAL SITE
BACKUP UNIT
RAID UNIT
WORKFLOW DATABASE MANAGER
IMAGE PROCESSING SERVERS
MATCHER T
MATCHER L
EXTERNAL INTERFACE SERVER
MORPHOTOUCH
BIOMETRIC SERVER
MATCHER U
ADMINISTRATION WORKSTATION
MATCHER NGM
WAN
ROUTERS
LASER PRINTER
16
AFIS ARCHITECTURE REMOTE SITE
WAN
ROUTER
WORKFLOW MANAGER
AFIS WORKSTATION(S)
LASER PRINTER
17
AFIS CLUSTER
CRIM
LCRC
AFIS
18
AFIS CLUSTERS
19
IMPACT OF AFIS

• IMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE ICJS (DOJ/
  DOCS/DOSS/DOSD)
• AWAITING TRAIL PRISONERS ARE INCARCERATED FOR A
  SHORTER
• PERIOD OF TIME
• FEWER COURT CASES NEED TO BE POSTPONED
• MORE EFFECTIVE BAIL OPPOSING
• SPEEDIER AVAILABILITY OF CRIMINAL INFORMATION
• SPEEDIER IDENTIFICATION OF WANTED PERSONS
• IMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE COMMUNITY
• FIREARM APPLICATION CLEARANCES
• SECURITY OFFICERS CLEARANCES
• PUBLIC DRIVER PERMITS
• PRE-EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCES
• BEHAVIOUR CERTIFICATE/POLICE CLEARANCES

20
IMPACT OF AFIS

• NATIONAL DATABASE FOR SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS
• A FIRST FOR THE SAPS SINCE 1925. CONTIBUTE TO
  MORE CRIMINALS BEING IDENTIFIED
• FASTER RESPONSE TIMES
• AFIS IS CONFIGURED TO COMPLETE A DAYS WORK IN A
  DAYS TIME (24-HRS)
• INCREASE IN ACCURACY PRODUCTIVITY
• AFIS SEARCHES MINUTE FINGERPRINT DETAIL MORE
  EFFECTIVELY,
• REDUCES HUMAN ERROR AND ELIMINATES MANUAL
  CLASSIFICATION AND
• SEARCHING OF FINGERPRINTS
• REDUCED TRAINING PERIOD
• AFIS OPERATORS ARE PRODUCTIVE AFTER ONLY 2 WEEKS
  OF TRAINING
• TRAINING PERIOD OF SCENE OF CRIME EXPERTS REMAIN
  UNCHANGED
• ELECTRONIC TRANSFER OF FINGERPRINTS (FBI,
  INTERPOL ETC.)
• HELP ADDRESS INTERNATIONAL CRIME

21
IMPACT OF AFIS

• IMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE ICJS
• AVERAGE NUMBER OF PREVIOUS CONVICTION REPORTS
  PRODUCED WITHIN 35
• DAYS FOLLOWING THE RECEIPT OF THE CRIMINAL
  SEARCH (SAPS 76S)
• IMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE COMMUNITY

SERVICE 2001 2002 INCREASE
PREVIOUS CONVICTION REPORTS 163 369 299 076 83
CRIMINAL SEARCHES PERFORMED 723 832 921 083 27
SERVICE 2001 2002 INCREASE
NON-CRIMINAL SEARCHES PERFORMED 412 802 535 363 30
22
IMPACT OF AFIS

• IMPROVED ACCURACY
• INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY

SERVICE 2001 2002 INCREASE
CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATIONS 215 724 329 641 53
NON-CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATIONS 29 439 62 099 110
SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATIONS 12 952 16 558 28
SERVICE 2001 2002 INCREASE
TOTAL NUMBER OF F/P SEARCHES 1 136 633 1 456 446 28
23
IMPACT OF AFIS

• FASTER RESPONSE TIMES

24
IMPACT OF AFIS

• MORPHOTOUCH PILOT PROJECT

SEARCHES PERFORMED WANTEDS ID WARRANTS OF ARREST
6 900 45 63
6 388 63 133
1 498 9 9
1 110 20 24
TOTAL 15 896 97 229
25
QUO VADIS THE WAY FORWARD

• POSSIBLE FUTURE ADDITIONS

• PALMPRINT FUNCTIONALITY
• THE CAPABILITY OF CAPTURING AND SEARCHING
  PALMPRINTS

• LABORATORY ACQUISITION WORKSTATION
• ACQUIRING SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS FROM
  EVIDENCE

• BOOKING STATION
• ELECTRONIC CAPTURING AND TRANSMISSION OF
  FINGERPRINTS (LIVE SCAN)

26
AFIS BUDGET 2001/02 FINANCIAL YEAR
ALLOCATED R16 974 000 R16 974 000
EXPENDITURE ADMINISTRATION R80 600
INVENTORIES R49 600
EQUIPMENT R1 956 500
PROF SPEC R14 108 900
TOTAL EXPENDITURE R16 195 600
SAVING R778 400

• ADMINISTRATION WORKSHOPS TRAINING
• INVENTORIES STATIONARIES PARTITIONING OF AFIS
  SITE
• EQUIPMENT SITE PREPARATION (AIR CONDITIONERS,
  UPS, OFFICE FURNITURE)
• PROF SPEC CAPITAL REDEMPTION OF THE IDC

27
AFIS BUDGET 2002/03 FINANCIAL YEAR
ALLOCATED R26 088 000 R26 088 000
EXPENDITURE ADMINISTRATION R656 600
INVENTORIES R760 200
EQUIPMENT R651 700
PROF SPEC R18 425 500
TOTAL EXPENDITURE R20 494 000
SAVING R5 594 000

• ADMINISTRATION WORKSHOPS TRAINING
• INVENTORIES STATIONARIES COMPUTER CONSUMEABLES
• EQUIPMENT SITE PREPARATION (AIR CONDITIONERS,
  UPS, FILING RACKS)
• PROF SPEC CAPITAL REDEMPTION OF THE IDC, LCRC
  NAME AND AFIS
• MATCHER CHANGES