Comfort

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Comfort Process Solutions presents

• Water Source Heat Pump
• Presentation

2

• Market size/manufacturers share
• ARI Certification Programs
• Efficiencies
• Operating Ranges
• Types of Heat Pumps
• Advantages of Heat Pumps
• Cost Comparisons
• Heat Pump Applications
• Outdoor Air and Heat Pumps
• Controls

3
Market

• 250 to 350 Million Dollar Market
• WSHP Market Growth 18
• A/C Market growth 6 to 7

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ManufacturersMarket Share per ARI est.

• ClimateMaster/Carrier, 35
• Trane/Command Aire, 20
• AAF/McQuay, 20
• Florida Heat Pump, 5
• Water Furnace, 5
• Mammoth, 5
• Addison, 5
• Whalen, 5

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ARI Certification Programs

• Old versions are
• ARI 320 - Water Source Heat Pumps
• ARI 325 - Ground Water Heat Pumps
• ARI 330 - Ground Source Heat Pumps

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ARI/ASHRAE/ISO 13256-1 Effective 1/1/2000

• Replaces ARI 320,325, and 330
• ISO (International Standards Organization) is
  consortium of several countries and USA
• Changes to EER formula
• Fan has basically been removed from the
  equation by agreed upon formula
• Penalty added for unit water pressure drop

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Detailed ARI/ISO EER Changes

• Fan btuh added to numerator, while fan wattage
  deducted from denominator by agreed upon formula
  calculation.
• Water pressure drop of unit converted to wattage
  by agreed upon formula and added to denominator.
• See GR spec catalogue page 12 for details
• Thus EERs higher comparitive values now

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Other Changes

• Now, like before units are rated at specific
  EATs, and EWTs, but the gpms are selected as
  desired by the manufacturer used to be that
  gpms based on 10 rise.
• Thus manufacturers have more choice and
  engineering freedom.

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3 Main Catagories

• Water Loop Heat PumpsTower/Boiler similar to old
  ARI 320
• Ground Water Heat Pumps Ground Water similar to
  old ARI 325
• Ground Loop Heat Pumps Poly in Ground similar
  to old ARI 330

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Comparisons

• ISO WLHP rating points80.6/66.286.0 ARI 320
  was 80/67 85.0
• ISO GWHP rating points80.6/66.2 59 ARI 325 was
  80/67 50htg/70clg
• ISO GLHP rating points80.6/66.2 77 ARI 330 was
  80/67 77
• ISO EATS ALL 68 vrs 70 ARI, water slightly
  different

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Typical 1999 ARI 320 Efficiency

• Rarely see EERs below 10.0 (5 years ago)
• Most EERs between 11.0 and 13.0
• Highest EERs 15.0 to 16.0

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Components of Efficiency

• Compressor
• Air Coil
• Water Coil

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Cooling Efficiency Comparison

• 15.4 EER Includes The Fan(GenesisGS036)
• Deduct the fan wattage and EER is 18.1
• .60 KW per ton chiller equals 20.0 EER
• only 9.5 Difference at full load
• chillers only at full load 5 of entire season
• chiller at 30 load 14.3 EER, WSHP 18.1
  EER(always at full load!)

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Heating Efficiency Comparison

• Boiler COP, high efficiency .85-.88
• WSHP COP, std efficiency 4.2 average
• above ratings at full load, occurring 5 of time,
  at part load boiler COP .65-.75 WSHP always at
  100 load 3.8 COP min

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Available Types from ClimateMaster

• Horizontal 1/2 through 10 tons
• Vertical 3/4 through 60 tons
• Console 1/2 through 1 1/2 tons
• Vertical Stacked 3/4 through 3 tons
• Roof Mounted 3 through 25 tons
• Water to Water 3 through 10 tons

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Operating Ranges, ClimateMaster

• Minimum 40 degree EWT, Std or L.Range
• Thermal Expansion Valve
• Minimum 25 degree EWT, Extended Range
• Thermal Expansion Valve and Oversize Heat
  Exchangers (Air and Water)

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Horizontal Vertical Units

• Everybody except Whalen has one.
• ClimateMasters new Genesis line features
• LOW noise design with computer selected
  compressor spring isolators standard on every
  unit, new low noise compressors, etc.
• Design development continuously used large number
  of real sound meters- 30 human ears!

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Console Units

• ClimateMaster
• Trane
• McQuay
• Addison
• Florida Heat Pump
• Mammoth

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Vertical Stacked WSHP

• ClimateMaster
• Trane/Command Aire
• Whalen

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Rooftop Water Source Heat Pumps

• ClimateMaster
• Trane
• Addison
• Also name branded as McQuay, Water Furnace,
  Florida Heat Pump

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Water to Water Units

• ClimateMaster
• Florida Heat Pump
• Trane
• Water Furnace
• Addison

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Applications

• Office Buildings single, multi-story, or
  high-rise
• Apartments
• Schools
• Hotels
• Assisted Living Centers, Extended Care Facilities

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Ultimate Occupant Comfort

• Four Pipe, Two Chillers, Two Boilers (supplies
  desired selected temperature to any adjacent zone
  thermostat whether heating or cooling needed)
• Water Source Heat Pumps, One Boiler (supplies
  same first class comfort)

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Ultimate Redundancy

• 20 years ago majority of central plants for
  100,000 sq. ft. office bldg or store had 2
  chillers and 2 boilers for 50 redundancy so if
  one unit went down, 50 capacity still available.
  Since then due to cost issues only 1 chiller, 1
  boiler on typical project.
• In comparison if 1 WSHP goes down, 98 of
  capacity still available!

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Service Life

• 1995 ASHRAE Applications Handbook
• Data from 1978
• Rooftop Units - 15 Years
• Commercial WSHPs - 19 Years
• Galvanized Cooling Towers - 20 Years
• Packaged Reciprocating Chillers - 20 Years
• Package Centrifugal Chillers - 23 Years

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Maintenance and Service Costs

• 1995 ASHRAE Application Handbook
• Surveyed 342 office Buildings in 35 States
• Average Building Maintenance Cost .35/
  Ft.(centrifugals and fire tube boilers)
• Age, Location, and Building Size didnt matter
• ASHRAE confirms 56 cost savings using WSHPs
  versus centrifugal chillers and fire tube boilers!

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Heating Equipment Maintenance cost adjustments

• Electric Resistance - deduct 13.30
• Heat Pumps - deduct 9.69
• Electric Boiler - deduct 2.67
• Fire Tube Boiler - base 00
• Water-tube Boiler - add 0.77
• Cast Iron Boiler - add 0.94

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Cooling Equipment Maintenance cost adjustments

• Water Source Heat Pumps - deduct 4.72
• Reciprocating Chiller - deduct 4.00
• Centrifugal Chiller - base 00
• Absorption Chiller(SS) - add 18.25

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Installation Cost Ranges (least to most expensive)

• PTAC
• Split System
• Small Packaged RTU
• Water Source Heat Pump
• Two Pipe
• Large Packaged RTU
• Four Pipe

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Installation Cost Comparisons, Applied Systems
vrs WSHPs

• Chiller equipment (300 tons) 200/ton, AHU
  equipment ( .65/cfm x 120,000cfm) 260/ ton,
  building control system 460/ton Total
  920/ton
• 1 ton WSHP 575/ton, 2 ton WSHP 350/
  ton, sliding decline to 250/ ton for 10 ton
  unit no extensive or expensive control system
  needed, stand alone controls

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Application Recommendations

• Never Oversize Water Source Heat Pumps.
• (poor humidity conditions and short cycling
  leading to premature mechanical failures will
  result!).
• Specify loop temperature range conditions and
  devices needed to accomplish proper operation (
  capillary, txv, oversized heat-exchangers).

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Noise Reduction Recommendations

• Insulated sheet metal boot on RA (prevents direct
  line of noise from unit to space)
• Mute Package (high dens. compr. wrapper,
  compressor springs, discharge muffler) for our
  older HS design
• Utilize our new low noise Genesis models
• Insulated Discharge Plenum with 90 degree flex
  takeoffs, no end takeoffs
• Multiple diffusers ( 4 versus 2, etc.)

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Outdoor Air and Heat Pumps

• Heat pumps are not designed to handle outdoor
  air
• 400 cfm per ton (normal AC design, OA
  applications at 200 cfm!)
• Face Split Coils on 2 Circuit Units allows 50 OA
  bypass
• 3 Row Coils too light for 95/78 conditions
  (compr. suction way above design)
• Cannot heat air below 55 degrees

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Outdoor Air Heat Pump Application
recommendations

• Water to Water Heat Pump with belt drive Fan Coil
  Unit with electric pre-heat
• Hot gas bypass
• Hot gas reheat
• 100 Outdoor Air Heat Pump (EPRI design and
  fabrication contract) expected 3QTR00

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Controls Available

• Electronic (CXM and DXM controllers)
• DDC Lonworks/LonNet options
• Factory mounted information controller supplied
  by others

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Only ClimateMaster features the Remote Service
Sentinel

• From the thermostat you can determine detailed
  status and specific fault condition of each WSHP
  rather than going thru the ceiling panels and
  removing access panel from WSHP to read the
  controller.
• Save diagnostic and service time, as well as
  substantial reduction in ceiling replacement
  costs-only with ClimateMaster!

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Thank you!