Cooper Mountain Vineyards

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Facts

• 100 Estate Grown Grapes
• First Vineyard planted in 1978
• 17,000 cases production
• Family Owned Winery
• Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc
  and soon Tokai (2008 Vintage)
  
• 100 Organic Biodynamically Farmed
• Carbon Neutrality Focus

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The Vineyards

• 120 acres planted as Vineyard.
• 50 acres of land other than vineyards.
• 4 Vineyards
• Grabhorn
• Meadowlark
• Farmington
• Johnson School

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Cooper Mountain Geology

• Cooper Mountain was formed by the ancient
  Columbia River basalt flows that shaped the
  landscape over millions of years. The fluid lava
  flows originally covered much of the Northern
  Willamette Valley with a nearly level surface up
  to 100 feet thick in places. The subsequent
  folding, fracturing and uplifts of this lava
  layer has formed Cooper Mountain and the Chehalem
  Mountain. Multiple layers of the basalt can be
  observed with the Grabhorn and Meadowlark
  Vineyards. These layers have differing
  characterics due to the degree of fracturing, as
  well as different rates of weathering. The
  uppermost basalts, which are part of the Grande
  Ronde sequence of flows, are typically more
  fractured or cracked than flows at lower
  elevations. This network of fractures permits
  surface water to percolate down through the
  bedrock more quickly in some blocks than in
  others.

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Grabhorn Vineyards

• Location of winery and tasting room
• West Side of Cooper Mountain
• Vineyard Designations
• Pinot Noir Old Vines
• Pinot Noir Mountain Terroir
• Pinot Noir Reserve
• Pinot Gris Old Vines
• Chardonnay Old Vines
• Chardonnay Reserve

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Grabhorn Vineyard planted in 1978
617 feet
Insectary Plants
Chardonnay E 1.12 ac.
Pinot Gris F 0.68 ac.
Pinot Noir H 1.84 ac.
Pinot Noir G 0.23
Insectary Plants Buffer Zone
Pinot Noir G 0.17
Pinot Noir B North 0.94 ac.
Insectary Plants
Insectary Plants Buffer Zone
590 feet
Chardonnay C 2.32 ac.
Pinot Gris D 1.20 ac.
588elev.
Pinot Noir B South 1.26 ac. 554 elev.
Insectary Plants
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• 40 acres planted in 1982
• East Side of Cooper Mountain
• Vineyard Designation
• Pinot Noir Meadowlark
• Pinot Noir Mountain Terroir
• Pinot Noir Reserve
• Pinot Gris Reserve
• Chardonnay Reserve

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Meadowlark Vineyard Mapping and Topography
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Johnson School Vineyard

• Plantation made from 1998 to 2004
• Chehalem AVA
• 3 varietals Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Tokai
• Vineyard Designation
• Pinot Noir Reserve
• Pinot Noir Mountain Terroir
• Pinot Noir Johnson School (2009 Vintage)
• Pinot Gris Reserve
• Tokai (2008 Vintage)
• Pinot Noir Life

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PN A
3.10 acres 94 clone 14
PG B
1.22 ac.
PN D
349 elev.
3.6 acres
PN C
9.05 acres Clones 15 777
PG E
PN J
177 elev.
4.95 acres
3.95 acres
Tokai 1.7 ac.
PN K 0.74 ac.
Tokai 0.84 acre
PN IH 4.06 acres
PG G 2.8 acres
Johnson School
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Johnson School Topography map
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Farmington Vineyard

• Planted in 1995 thru 1998
• 20 acres vineyard
• Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc and
  Chardonnay
  
• Alluvium Soil
• Designation
• Pinot Noir Cooper Hill (1998 Plantation)
• Pinot Noir Reserve (1995 Plantation)
• Pinot Gris Cooper Hill and Reserve
• Pinot Blanc Vin Glace and Harmony
• Chardonnay Reserve and Harmony

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Farmington Road
PG UPWEST
2.69 acres
Chard.
PB
1.02 ac.
0.95 ac.
3.43 acres
PG Down
PG DOWNWEST
2.66 acres
PN OLD
1.88 acres
PN YOUNG
4.998 acres
PN Single
Farmington Vineyard
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Organic Vineyards

• Conventional viticulture relies on man-made
  chemicals for fertilization, weed and pest
  control.
  
• Organic vineyard programs are prohibited from
  using synthetic substances throughout the year.
  
• Organic Certification Prohibits the use of
  Genetically Modified Materials from the soil to
  the wine.
  
• Weed Killers????? Human and equipment and
  Biodiversity
  

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Biodynamic Vineyards

• Biodynamic farming involves the use of Organic
  concept but with the important notion that there
  is the
  
• need to go beyond solely the chemical and
  biological point of view. Biodynamic farming
  involves the use
  
• of forces.
• We all know that the moon plays an effect of the
  force of gravity. If the moon plays this role, it
  becomes logical that the solar system plays also
  a role even if you cannot
• physically visualize the action. Also, the earth
  via Magnetism must be considered as a force and
  
• therefore shall be included on the reasoning.
• In conclusion, Biodynamic practice involves
• Astronomy position of the planet plays a role
  on the time of preparation, spray, pruning,
  harvest, etc
  
• Homeopathy Dilution of preparations
• Geology Magnetism acknowledgement

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In Practice

• In practice, Biodynamic farming is performed by
  the use of some
  
• preparations.
• The basic role of these preparations are
• To release the energy to the soil and plant
• To make a bridge between the forces and the soil
• To balance the whole farm by creating an
  healthier environment.
  

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The Biodynamic Preparations (BD)

• The preparations should not be seen as a
  substance but as a force.
  
• We use Nine preparations. The BD500 and 501 are
  sprayed separately. The BD502-507 are mixed
  together at the time of the compost preparation.
  
• BD 500 Horn manure Stimulates root growth and
  humus formation. We usually spray at the
  
• beginning
  of fall
  
• BD 501 Horn Silica Stimulates and
  regulates leaf growth. Usually spray in growing
  season just
  
• before or
  at bloom.
  
• BD 502 Yarrow Permits plants to
  attract trace elements in extremely dilute
  quantities.
  
• BD 503 Chamomile Stabilize Nitrogen within
  the compost and increase soil life
  
• BD 504 Nettle Stimulates soil
  health, providing plants with the individual
  nutrition components
  
• needed.
  "Enlivens" the earth (soil)
  
• BD 505 Oak Bark Provide healing forces
  in order to combat disease.
  
• BD 506 Dandelion Stimulate relation
  between Silica (Si) and Potassium (K) so that
  Silica can
  
• attract
  cosmic forces to the soil.
  
• BD 507 Valerian Stimulate compost so
  that phosphorus components can be fully used by
  the
  
• soil.
• BD 508 Horsetail Prevention or control
  of disease.
  

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Winemaking
As required by Federal Standard, the Cellar must
be certified Organic even if the wine is labeled
Made with Organic Grapes. As required by Demete
r for the Biodynamic Certification, the cellar
must be certified Biodynamic.
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Organic Cellar

• Just like our vineyards, the winery is certified
  by Oregon Tilth. Ultimately this means in the
  cellar the following practices are controlled
  annually by the USDA for quality control
• No Genetically Modified Organisms products
• Total Sulfites cannot exceed 100ppm's (50 less
  than conventional wines)
  
• Any additional ingredients such as "sugar" have
  to be certified organic
  
• All products used for cleaning inside the winery
  must be biodegradable products like Iodine and
  Chlorine are strictly prohibited
  
• Any Yeast nutrients (used during the
  fermentation) must contain ONLY Organic nitrogen
  
• Processing aids used and even stored in the
  winery must be listed in the National Organic
  Product List
  

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Biodynamic Wine Authentic Wines

• Must be from Biodynamic Grapes
• Native yeast and bacteria for fermentation
• Maximum 100 ppm Total SO2 added from the primary
  fermentation to the bottle
  
• No acidification allowed
• No chaptalization allowed
• No corrective additions allowed
• Must be certified by Demeter USA

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Organic Wine

• As mandated By the National Organic Program
  organic wine must contain less than 10ppm of
  Sulfites.
  
• Cooper Mountain Adds Sulfites to all of our
  wines except our Life Pinot Noir
  
• In the Life Pinot Noir we have been working
  on replacing the role of S02 additions by
  increasing the level of antioxidants that occur
  naturally in the grapes. The natural antioxidants
  essentially become the preservative in the wine
  and makes the reliance on sulfite additions
  obsolete. Recent analysis have demonstrated the
  higher level of antioxidants in our current
  Life Pinot Noir.

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Q What are the differences in winemaking
between a conventional winery and a Organic
Certified winery?A See the table below. If
you read on the label of a wine bottle Made with
Organic Grapes , then the winery is required to
follow the rules described below.
If you read on the label of
a wine bottle Biodynamic Wine, the winery must
comply to the described rules.
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• 7 Rules of Our Vineyard Management

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1) Vineyard Heritage

• If a vineyard is properly maintain, the vines can
  produce grapes up to 90 years
  
• All our decisions are based on this primary
  factor treat the vines for the future
  generation.
  

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2) Water Management

• Irrigation is prohibited in our vineyard
• The vines need to adapt to the macroclimate and
  by refusing any type of irrigation, we are
  training them to stress and fully utilize the
  quantity of water available to them

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3) Prevention vs. Repression

• In emphasizing high quality manual work in the
  vineyards, we reduce the risk of vine unbalance
  by 80
  
• treating is seen as a failure, preventing is
  success

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4) Disease the Domino Effect

• Mildew, mites, botrytis, etc You name it. Some
  are fungus, some viruses and some insects. Any
  treatment made will have an impact on the disease
  but also on positive elements. Our concept is any
  application of organic fungicides needs to be
  limited and counter balanced by a natural
  approach such as homeopathic remedies.

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5) The Law of the Minimum

• We follow the law of the minimum. This principle,
  created by Carl Sprengel in 1928, states that
  growth is controlled not by the total of
  resources available, but by the scarcest
  resource. This concept was originally applied to
  plant or crop growth, where it was found that
  increasing the amount of plentiful nutrients did
  not increase plant growth. Only by increasing the
  amount of the limiting nutrient (the one most
  scarce in relation to "need") was the growth of a
  plant or crop improved.

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6) Homeopathy

• the most important part
• the use of Homeopathy remedies is essential in
  the Biodynamic approach
  
• the concept applied at Cooper Mountain Vineyards
  is based on isolating each block with their own
  entity. The remedies will be spraying (20 gal H2O
  plants diluted at 30x) on the canopy in order
  to prevent any unbalance and therefore diseases

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7) The Wines

• The wines are telling us the story of our
  vineyard.
  
• Every lot will be tasted and noted in order to
• assess the quality of our vineyard management
  but
  
• also, in order to anticipate any possible issues
• coming in the next five years. The wines are the
• mirror of our work.

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Carbon Neutrality-Why?

• In 1978 when owner Robert Gross planted his first
  vine it was not Merlot, nor Cabernet. In fact he
  left Washington State and traveled South to
  Oregons Willamette Valley in pursuit of the holy
  grail of varietals Pinot Noir. It is that very
  reason that over 300 winemakers have scattered
  amongst the valley today. All pursuing the same
  dream, all relying on the cooler weather
  patterns, all to grow Pinot Noir. However the
  threat of climate change through global warming
  could drastically alter the landscape of grape
  growing in the Willamette Valley. Experts agree
  that one of the first industries that will
  affected by global warming will be the wine
  industry and hence it is our duty to lead the
  agricultural business to neutrality. During wine
  production wineries emit carbon dioxide(CO2) that
  ultimately contributes to global warming.
  However Cooper Mountain is slated to reduce our
  greenhouse gas emissions to zero by early 2009.

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Greenhouse Gas Emission Sources in a Winery
Operation

• Mobile Combustion-fuel consumed by winery owned
  vehicles
  
• Stationary Combustion-Hot Water Heaters
• Waste Disposal onsite-Paper or Paper board,
  metals, plastics, glass, lees, vineyard wood
  pruning, vineyard leafy waste, etc
  
• Fugitive Emissions-greenhouse gas emissions that
  arise from leaks from sources like refrigeration
  units
  
• Vineyard emissions-fertilizers with nitrous
  oxide, Soil Cultivation, row cropping
  sequestration
  
• Winery Fermentation
• Purchased Power

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How to Become Carbon Neutral?Mitigation for a
Winery Operation

• No winery can become completely carbon neutral
• The Goal is to lower your Carbon Emissions as low
  as possible
  
• To lower Carbon Emissions Cooper Mountain is
  implementing
  
• A.) purchasing renewable energy
• B.) Bio-diesel
• C.) Retrofitting Electrical outlets
• D.) Internal Energy conservation techniques From
  Recycling Waste to more energy efficient tractor
  usage
  

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