Populations

1
Populations

• Chapter 24
• http//blue.census.gov/ipc/www/clock.html

2
Human Population

• We have seen factors that influence the growth of
  populations in general.
  
• Next we will apply some of these to the human
  population.

3
Fig. 24.22 Exponential growth in the human po
pulation
4
G r x N World Population 2002

• N 6228394430
• r 1.18
• G 73915261
• http//www.census.gov/ipc/www/world.html

5
Changes in birthrates and death rates in Sri Lanka
Births - Deaths r
6
World Population Events

• Time unit Births Deaths Growth
• -------------------------------------------------
  
• Year 131571719 55001289 76570430
  
  
• Month 10964310 4583441 6380869
  
  
• Day 360470 150688 209782
  
  
• Hour 15020 6279 8741
  
  
• Minute 250 105 146
  
  
• Second 4.2 1.7 2.4
  
  
• -------------------------------------------------

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Fig. 24.25
8
Examine the population demographics of these
countries.

• Sweden
• Mexico
• United States
• Determine G N and r
• http//www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbsum.html

9
Age structures of three nations
Shrinking
Growing
Stable
Are these growing shrinking or stable
populations
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Your assignment

• Create a single powerpointcontaining
• Data on your assigned variable for France
  Tanzania and the United States (be sure to
  include units).
  
• Explain the impact of curing heart disease and
  malaria on your variable OR -
  
• Explain the impact of population changes
  predicted for 2050 your variable.
  
• The name of your group members.
• Go to D2L and put them in the drop box.

12
Pop. Pyramid http//www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.
html N r and G http//www.census.gov/ipc/www/i
dbsum.html

• Variable Predict
• N r and G Impact of curing malaria and heart
  disease on variable
  
• Life expectancy Impact of curing malaria and
  heart disease on variable
  
• Kids/woman Impact of curing malaria and heart
  disease on variable
  
• Infant Mortality Impact of curing malaria and
  heart disease on variable
  
• Adult Mortality Impact of curing malaria and
  heart disease on variable
  
• Immigration Emigration Impact of curing malaria
  and heart disease on variable
  
• Ecological footprint Change of variable in 2050
  vs. today
  
• Water supply amt./quality Change of variable in
  2050 vs. today
  
• Population density Change of variable in 2050 vs.
  today
  
• Land use Change of variable in 2050 vs. today
• Wildness Change of variable in 2050 vs. today

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Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in
developed countries.

• 50 of all deaths in US and Europe typically 50
  years old.
  
• Caused by obesity poor diet lack of exercise
  diabetes and genetic factors.

Clot in Coronary Artery
14
Malaria kills 2-3 million humans
annually (90 of malaria deaths are in Subsaharan
Africa) Caused by Plasmodium parasite and trans
mitted by mosquito Affects primarily children u
nder age of five and pregnant women
(Malaria kills an African child every 30 sec)
15
Example Life Expectancy for Tanzania France an
d United States Source US Census Bureau

By I.M. Smart M.E. Too
NOTE THESE ARE NOT CORRECT ANSWERS JUST EXAMPLE
S
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Next class period we will

• Present yours in class and use them for
  discussion.
  
• Discuss the impact of curing heart disease and
  malaria on some of these variables.
  
• Discuss the impact of population changes
  predicted for 2050 on the other variables.
  
• This is worth 5 points on the final exam.

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Fig. 24.25
19
Age structures of three nations
Shrinking
Growing
Stable
Are these growing shrinking or stable
populations
20
Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in
developed countries.

• 50 of all deaths in US and Europe typically 50
  years old.
  
• Caused by obesity poor diet lack of exercise
  diabetes and genetic factors.

Clot in Coronary Artery
21
Malaria kills 2-3 million humans
annually (90 of malaria deaths are in Subsaharan
Africa) Caused by Plasmodium parasite and trans
mitted by mosquito Affects primarily children u
nder age of five and pregnant women
(Malaria kills an African child every 30 sec)
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Examine the data you collected
24

X
By Tiffany Tyson Chantelle Pelzer and Emily
Brickert
25
N r and G for Tanzania France and United Sta
tes Source US Census Bureau By Dav
id Feivor Tim Molinarolo Chelsea Enger Nathan T
ock
26
G r and N for Tanzania France and United Stat
es Source US Census Bureau By Mike Lo
effler
Pete Johnson
27
2
If a cure for Malaria and heart disease are
found then the populations will increase and
life expectancy will also increase.
By Brittany Conant Claire Knoble Wren Walker
28
Life Expectancy for Tanzania France and United
States Effects of Curing Malaria and Heart Di
sease

By Andrea Fox Brett Gullicksrud Rachel
Knutson Katie Penniston Pangdra Vang
Source US Census Bureau
29
Life Expectancy for Tanzania France and United
States Source US Census Bureau By
Carrie Dietz Kristin Minter Jenn
Moulton Cassie Huettl Ryan Meighan
30
Fertility Rate Per WomanSource US Census Bureau

• No impact for curing heart disease because the
  women are above childbearing age.
  
• No impact for curing malaria in the USA or France
  because they are developed countries.
  
• Increase in Tanzania because less children will
  be dying and pregnant women will have fewer
  complications.
  
• By Sara Schlough Kristine Tresemer Abby
  Biesterveld

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Population of women/children for Tanzania
France and United States in the year 2000
Source US Census Bureau By Brittany
Montgomery And Brittany Shipman
32
Infant Mortality for Tanzania France and United
States Source US Census Bureau By Ka
tie McNeely Elissa Bauer Amy Calhoun Nick
Cerwin Becca Long
33
Infant Mortality for Tanzania France and
United States Sources US Census Bureau Wor
ld Health Organization
By Emily Noel Christine Benzschawel
Karin Mueller
34
4. Infant Mortality Rate for Tanzania France
and United States Source US Census Bureau and
MamasHealth.comBy Jackie Henry and Lindsie Miller
35
Source US Census Bureau
By Katie Kratz Sara Wanless Marie Fouts
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Adult Mortality for Tanzania France USA
Source US Census Bureau
By Casy Dunphy Meghan Jablonski
37
Adult Mortality
France
Tanzania
USA
NRG
Males 133 per 1000 Females 60 per 1000
Adult Mortality
Curing Malaria
Curing Heart Disease
Source US Census Bureau World Health
Organization
By Pat Kelly Andrea Keohane and RAJ
38

• United States ---------12.22 hectares per capita
  
  
• France-------------------7.27 hectares per
  capita
  
• Tanzania----------------1.02 hectares per capita
• 1.0 hectares 2.471 acres

As the population increases over the next 45
years the concentration of people per hectare
will increase which results in a lower ecological
footprint per capita.
By Andrew Trawinski and Sam Callan
39
Source Nationmaster.com
Water Availability for Tanzania France and
United States
By Kristina Hertel and Vanessa Keller
40
Water Supply Amount/Quality for Tanzania France
and the United States
Source nationmaster.com
The increasing populations of France Tanzania
and the United States in 2050 will cause the
water supply to decrease and the fresh water
pollution rate to increase.
Presentation created by Ryan Klein Jackie
Rinzel Kim Skuster Krista Woolever and Sarah
Kleman
41
Water Supply Amount and Quality for Tanzania
France and United States
Sources www.nationmaster.com/graph-T/env_eco_foo
int-1 US Census Bureau By Dena Shefelbine Sco
tt Szukalski Klarissa Czys Whitney Miller Erik
Haworth
42
Population Density for Tanzania France and
United States Source US Census Bureau Internati
onal Data Base By Brian Peters Alex
a Jaime
43
Population densities for France Tanzania and
U.S. Source www. Census.gov/ipc/wwwidbagg.html (
001 density)
Christina Berggren Jordan Hauser and Michelle
Huhn
44
Population Density for United States France and
Tanzania
Source U.S. Census Brureau
Crystal Svoboda Amanda Zellner Tony Caauwe
Natosha Hoffmann
45
Land Use
Land Use percent of total land area available
for cultivated crops (arable land) permanent
crops (Permanent) and other areas (Other) such
as prairies pastures forests and built-on
lands. It is predicted that the population in Tan
zania and the United States will almost double
while the growth rate of France is not nearly as
high.
By Breann Sommer Jens Hogberg Lindsay Tietz
James Bodah
46
Wildness for Tanzania France and United States
Tanzania will decrease because they are
still a developing country. France will decrease
slightly because they have used up most of their
unprotected land. The USA will decrease because
of our increasing population. Not all of the
land will be used because the United States has
one of the largest masses of preserved land. All
of the countries will decrease in wildness
because the world population has not reached its
carrying capacity.
By Amy Yoel Megan Brisch Alison Smetana Ethan
Lor
Source www.nationmaster.com
47
11 WildnessMichelle TentisMegan
BrennanRachael Stanze
48
Examine the data you collected

• For each variable determine the impact of curing
  malaria and heart disease on that variable.

49
In developed countries what happens if we cure
heart disease

• Population
• Consumption
• Quality of life

No significant increase
Increase
Increases life expectancy but will also
increase
heath costs and drain on resources
50
In developing countries what happens if we cure
malaria

• Population
• Consumption
• Quality of life

Significant increase
Increase
Increases life expectancy but will also
dramatically increase use of already scarce
resources
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Impact of Disease on Population

• Which would have a greater impact on world
  population curing heart disease or curing
  malaria
  

MALARIA
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Parasitologists Dilemma

• What happens if we dont cure malaria
• What happens if we do cure malaria
• What could you do to keep population growth low
  while still curing malaria

Death rate stays high population growth is
suppressed
Death rate drops population grows more rapidly
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What could you do to keep population growth low
while still curing malaria

•  Decrease fertility rate per woman
• Less developed countries 3.05
• More developed countries 1.57
• Spread out the generations
• Start having children at age 30 vs. 15
• Birth-control
• Abstinence contraception sterilization
• Other
• Education of women affluence (wealth)

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Why do we want to keep population growth low

• In many poor countries resources are already
  scarce.
  
• Tanzania
• France USA 3200 calories per day
• If population increases available food per
  person decreases.
  
• This leads to increased pressure on the
  environment and ecosystems around the world

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Is there a correlation between consumption and
quality of life
58
Is the current level of consumption in the US
sustainable

• No we must import a third of our resources.

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Impact of consumption on the environment

• Consumption by the average American
• The US uses 250-300 liters of water/person/day
• for drinking cooking bathing sanitation and
  watering yards (the minimum amount needed for
  those things MINUS the yard watering is 50
  liters/person/day).
• In contrast a country like Tanzania uses less
  than 5 liters of water/person/day.
  
• The average American consumed over 200 pounds of
  red meat poultry and fish in 2000.
  
• The average coffee drinker in the United States
  drinks 3.1 cups of coffee/day.

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Impact of consumption on the environment

• Consumption by the average American
• In 2001 the average American produced 4.4 pounds
  of garbage waste per day
  
• (product packaging clothes food scraps
  bottles grass clippings etc. before
  recycling).
  
• Compare this to 2.7 pounds of garbage
  waste/person/day in 1960.
  
• About 91286 million liters of soda are
  consumed/year. This is over 300
  liters/person/year!
  
• In 2001 the United States used 341.8 million
  Btus of energy/person and emitted 5.5 metric tons
  of carbon/person.
  
• In the same year France used 177.8 million
  Btus/person and emitted only 1.8 metric tons of
  carbon.

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What is the impact of consumption on the
environment

• To make a single 2 gram computer chip requires
• 1.6 liters of fossil fuel
• 72 grams of chemicals
• 32 kilograms (8 gallons) of water

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What is the impact of consumption on the
environment(compare Tanzania with France/USA)
65
What is the impact of population density on the
environment (compare France with the USA)
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Parasitologists Dilemma

• Should we try to cure malaria
• Given your answer are there other actions we
  should take at the same time

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Is there hope
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What type of growth is this
Logistic
N
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What determines K for humans

• Adapt our environment to meet our needs rather
  than adapt to our environment.
  
• Predation
• Only ourselves
• Parasites
• Sanitation
• Medications
• Competition
• Mass extinctions

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What is K for humans
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K 1010 people
Is this sustainable
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r
73
G
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Feeding the world

• Worlds farmers have doubled the food supply
  since 1973
  
• Miracle wheat seeds and high yielding rice
• Irrigation
• Fertilizers and pesticides
• Genetically modified crops
• Actually have more food/person than in 1973

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Agricultural Production per Person
has remained relatively constant
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Top 5 countries by population (2003)

• 1 China 1286975468
• 2 India 1049700118
• 3 United States 290342554
• 4 Indonesia 234893453
• 5 Brazil 182032604

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Population x Consumption Environmental Impact
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Sustainable DevelopmentLand Used Available
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Ecological impact

• Impact population X consumption
• Americans consume more per capita than anyone
  else on earth.
  
• It would take 3.28 billion Indians to consume
  what 290 million Americans do.

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Sustainable development

• A balance between population and consumption
  within the limits imposed by nature
  
• Need to achieve sustainability
• Reduction in pop growth in developing nations
• Reduction in consumption in developed nations

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The End
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• Population pyramids
• for Tanzania
• 2000
• 2025
• 2050

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• Population pyramids
• for France
• 2000
• 2025
• 2050

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• Population pyramids
• for United States
• 2000
• 2025
• 2050

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