RECCON05 Global Electronic Recycling Solutions November 28th 30th, 2005 Radisson Hotel, Morgantown

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RECCON05Global Electronic Recycling
SolutionsNovember 28th 30th, 2005 / Radisson
Hotel, Morgantown
International Panel on National Infrastructures /
November 29, 2005
SwitzerlandSuccess factors for a
recyclingsystem of electronic waste
Initialization Implementation Legislation
System details Results Conclusions

Peter Bornand Chairman of SWICO Environmental Com
mission peter.bornand_at_swico.ch Tel. [phone]
38 09
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Introducing
Swiss Association for Information, Communication
and Organisation Technology (www.swico.ch)

• Examples of providedservices to members
• Communication platform
• Co-partner for trade fairs
• Training/Education programmes
• Legal support
• Safety and security programmes
• Complete sets of ICT-contracts
• Intellectual property
• SWICO Recycling
• etc.

Six fields of competency Information technolog
y and telecommunications Organisational technolog
y, office equipment Office technology Consumer
electronics Software and services Suppliers for
the graphical industry
400 members 46000 employees
US 15 billion revenue
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Situation in Switzerland 1993 -Initialization of
the project
Business and Private users
HP
IBM
DEC
Canon
etc.
Individual Producer Take-back systems
Dismantling and Recycling Companies
Take-back fee US 2 to 5 per kg
Incineration Plants / Car Shredders
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Analysis of needs

Nationwide acceptance
Producer responsibility
Secured financing
Controlled recycling
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Conclusions of the working group
Producers (IBM, HP, COMPAQ, Canon, Xerox
etc.) Government (EPA) Consumer organisation
representative

• Recycling of electronic products needs money
• Individual producer solutions are too costly and
  inacceptable for consumers
  
• A common, voluntary system would fit
• Consumers will have to pay
• Advance recycling fees on new products are the
  preferred financing solution
  
• Recycling should be performed in Switzerland and
  afterwards controlled
  
• Association SWICO should run the system
• The system should be in place before legislation
  is enacted
  
• The system should take existing solutions into
  consideration
  

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Proposal and decision

• SWICO General Assembly, December 6, 1993
• Accepted the conclusions of the working
  group Mandated the Environmental Commission
  to set up the programme Decided a non-profit
  system Invited members to sign the SWICO
  Convention on Recycling Electrical and
  Electronic Equipment Set starting date on
  April 1, 1994

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Implementation producer responsibility
SWICO Convention on Recycling
SWICO Environmental Commission
Separation of duties
Processes

• Agfa
• Canon
• Excom
• HP
• IBM
• Motorola
• Philips
• Siemens
• Sun
• Xerox

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Implementation nationwide acceptance
business
households
manufacturers/ importers
Collection points
trade
S W I C O l o g i s t i c s c o n t r a c
t o r s
51 dismantling and 16 recycling centers
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Implementation secured financing

Manufacturers/ importers
Group account SWICO
half-yearly
BillingARF as a separate item
Trade
Payments for re- cycling, logistic, collection
Billing Inclusion of ARF mentioned
Consumer
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Implementation controlled recycling

Tender for technical control
Recycling Guarantee regulations
Licencing of recyclers
Audit guide
EMPA St. Gallen
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System evolution
1994 SWICO Recycling Guarantee (IT/Office)
1998 ORDEE ordinance 1999 Cellular phones
2000 Graphical industry 2001 Telephone equi
pment 2002 Consumer electronics (brown)
2002 Photo 2004 Dental equipment
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Legislation

Revised Swiss environmental law (1995)
1994 System without legal base
1998 ORDEE
2000 Guidelines for ORDEE
Collaboration with industry associations
Ordinance on the return, the taking back and
the disposal of electrical and electronic equipm
ent
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Legislation
Legislation
ORDEE
WEEE

• Objectives
• Responsibilities
• Product design
• Separate collection (rate)
• Marking
• Private / not private
• One-to-one
• Treatment
• Recovery rates
• Financial guarantees
• Historical waste

obligation to re-turn separately
Consumer
obligation to taking back free of charge
Dealer/ Producer
obligation to recycle
disposal permit for recyclers
Recycler
export permit for disposal
Exporter
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Competence of SENS and SWICO
Swiss Foundation for Waste Management

• Small household
• Large household
• CFC appliances
• Household tools
• Games
• Light

• Office and IT
• Telecommunication
• Graphical Industry
• Consumer Electr.
• Dental equipment
• Measuring Medi- cal equipment

6 kg per inhabitant/year
6 kg per inhabitant/year
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Shared responsibilities
return old equipment free of charge

hold responsibility for total system
finance the system by ARF, advance recycling fee
(without profit goal)
re-use appliances and parts
organize daily operation
producers/ importers
endusers
Endbenützer
inform dealers and endusers
take old equipment back free of charge / collect
old equipment
Handel
suppliers
disassemb- lersrecyclers
logistics contractors/ collectors
manage collection points
disassemble / recycle according to licence
clear separation of duties
improve rate of recovery
transport from suppliers and collection points t
o recyclers
further develop recycling techniques
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Control System
Control System
Collection points
Transport
Entryrecycler
Treatment
Results
Comparison

• Quality assurance
• Process conformity
• Cost supervising

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Results
members
Quantities taken back
cost per kilogram
ARF per kilogram recycled
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

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v
Swiss Model (bottom up)
Legislation
Take-back
Recycling
Return
Export
Producers (SWICO)
Trade
Recyclers
Private
Business
Consumers
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Control System
EU-model (top down)
Legislation
Collection rate
Recycling targets
Historical waste
Private/ Business
Product list
Registration
Guarantees
One to one
Marking
RoHS
Producers
Trade
Recyclers
Private
Business
Consumers