Communism and Socialism

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Communism and Socialism

• 1844-present

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Communism and Socialism

• Response to Smith and capitalism, satanic mills
• Marx, Engels, 1840s - 1880s
• Lenin, WWI, and the Russian Revolution
• Stalin and the Gulag
• The Cold War
• World War II, Chinese Revolution, Maoism
• British Fabianism
• European Social Democracy

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Karl Marx, 1818-1883 Rabbis grandkid, converte
d father, married a Barons daughter, lazy
journalist, philosopher, Very, very dangerous sc
ribbler With Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 1
848 Das Kapital, 1867,
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Friedrich Engels, 1820-1895 Industrialists son, a
rchetype middle class rebel, bleeding heart,
Very, very dangerous scribbler
With Marx, The Communist Manifesto, 1848 The
condition of the Working Class in England, 1845
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Slum housing, UK National Archives
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Slum housing, UK National Archives
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Karl Marx, from Economic and Philosophic
Manuscripts (1844)

• The worker becomes all the poorer the more wealth
  he produces, the more his production increases in
  power and range. The worker becomes an ever
  cheaper commodity the more commodities he
  creates. With the increasing value of the world
  of things proceeds in direct proportion to the
  devaluation of the world of men. Labour produces
  not only commodities it produces itself and the
  worker as a commodity -- and does so in the
  proportion in which it produces commodities
  generally.

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Karl Marx, Historical Materialism

• Dialectic theory -- everything produces its own
  reaction
  
• Action, response, synthesis, action, response,
  synthesis
  
• Unbridled capitalism oppresses the workers
• There are more workers than capitalists
• Ergo, the workers are intrinsically more
  powerful
  
• To wit American Revolution, French Revolution,
  etc
  
• Therefore, the workers will win
• When they do, they will seize the means of
  production (das kapital) for themselves, as a
  collective
  
• Society will pass through the necessary
  historical stage of capitalism before socialism
  is developed
  

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What Really Happened?

• Several actual socialist revolutions (Russia,
  China, etc)
  
• A lot of oppression all around
• The New Deal
• WWI, WWII, and the Cold War
• Some moderate socialist governments, (Britain,
  France, Germany)
  
• A lot of nanny-ism
• The rise of the welfare state and social
  democracy
  
• The Great Society
• An attempted second America Revolution, the New
  Left,, 1965-1975
  
• Jimmy Carter pulls the teeth, co-opts the New
  Lefts moderate supporters
  
• Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan
• Globalization and the ownership society
• The better-off workers now own the means of
  production -- but through capital markets and
  pension funds

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Source Soviet Govt.
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Source Soviet Govt.
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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"Portra
it of Engine Driver I. Fedotov"

Aleksandr Lysov
Oil on canvas
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Source US Govt.
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Raising the Hammer and Sickle over the Reichstag,
May 2, 1945 by Yevgeni Khaldey
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Road of War, 1941 by Dmitri Baltermants
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Churchills Fulton Speech

• What then is the over-all strategic concept which
  we should inscribe today? It is nothing less than
  the safety and welfare, the freedom and progress,
  of all the homes and families of all the men and
  women in all the lands. And here I speak
  particularly of the myriad cottage or apartment
  homes where the wage-earner strives amid the
  accidents and difficulties of life to guard his
  wife and children from privation and bring the
  family up in the fear of the Lord, or upon
  ethical conceptions which often play their potent
  part.
• To give security to these countless homes, they
  must be shielded from the two giant marauders,
  war and tyranny. We all know the frightful
  disturbances in which the ordinary family is
  plunged when the curse of war swoops down upon
  the bread-winner and those for whom he works and
  contrives. The awful ruin of Europe, with all its
  vanished glories, and of large parts of Asia
  glares us in the eyes. When the designs of wicked
  men or the aggressive urge of mighty States
  dissolve over large areas the frame of civilized
  society, humble folk are confronted with
  difficulties with which they cannot cope. For
  them all is distorted, all is broken, even ground
  to pulp.

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Churchills Fulton Speech

• .But we must never cease to proclaim in fearless
  tones the great principles of freedom and the
  rights of man which are the joint inheritance of
  the English-speaking world and which through
  Magna Carta, the Bill of Rights, the Habeas
  Corpus, trial by jury, and the English common law
  find their most famous expression in the American
  Declaration of Independence
• From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the
  Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across
  the Continent. Behind that line lie all the
  capitals of the ancient states of Central and
  Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna,
  Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all
  these famous cities and the populations around
  them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere,
  and all are subject in one form or another, not
  only to Soviet influence but to a very high and,
  in many cases, increasing measure of control from
  Moscow.

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"Joining the Komsomol" Nikolai Nesterenko Oil
on canvas
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In 1946 an artist named Nikolai Getman was
imprisoned in the Soviet Unions GULAG. During
the 1920s, the Soviet Union developed a system of
extreme repression and terror that inflicted
forced famines, purges, executions, and arrests
on people of the Soviet Union. Under Josef
Stalin, forced-labor camps in Siberia
became the pillar of that
system. They were one of the principal techniques
by which Stalin exerted absolute control over the
lives and decisions of the Soviet people. An
estimated 50 million people died as a result of
Stalin's inhuman policies of terror and
repression. Source The Jamestown Foundation
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(No Transcript)
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Tupelev TU-4 Soviet Archives
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Sputnik
Source Soviet Govt.
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Celebrating Soviet Space flight
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Source Soviet Govt.
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Source Soviet Govt.
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The Trabant wagon Combi
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Photo Bill Lupton and the Vietnam Internet
Project.
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Taking a break. Source Byrd Archives.
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Source Soviet Govt.
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Soviet Soldiers leave Afghanistan, February 198
0
(Associated Press)
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Azeri refugees (Associated Press)
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Gorbachev!
Source Soviet Govt.
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and Reagan!
Source White House.
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East German demonstration against the government
Source Associated Press
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Demonstration in Czechoslovakia
Source Associated Press
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Berlin wall comes down! Source Associated Press
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(No Transcript)
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Buying Coca Cola from the back of a van
Source Unknown
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Post Soviet homeless man Source Unkown
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Soviet car, post-Soviet landscape in Moscow
Source Unknown
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George W. Bush And Vladimir Putin

Il Repubblica, Italy
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First impressions?

• the Russian president said that he liked Bush
  after their first meting in Slovenia on June. "I
  found Mr. Bush a rather sincere person,
  pleasant to talk to," Putin said. "I don't know
  if I should say this, but he also appeared to me
  to be a little bit sentimental".
• Mr. Bush surprised the country with his
  memorable description of his Russian counterpart.
  "I looked the man in the eye," Mr. Bush said of
  Putin after their meeting in Slovenia in June,
  adding, "I was able to get a sense of his soul."

Col. Stanislav Lunev Wednesday, July 25, 2001 N
ewsmax.com
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Other Socialisms

• Latin America
• British Fabianism
• European Social democracy
• And China

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Fidel and Che, 1959
Chavez as a paratroop
Source Wikipedia
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Cradle to Grave versus the Nanny State
Fabianism and the Welfare State
Clement Atlee, UK PM 1945-1951
Nationalized health care medical, dental, vision
Nationalized major industries Steel, coal,
agriculture Nationalized planning Land rights U
nemployment benefits Family assistance
Margaret Thatcher UK PM 1979-1990
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Margaret Thatcher and the Miners Strike
Guardian picture
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Social Democracy

• European Union
• Parties in power at various times
• UK
• Canada
• Sweden
• Norway
• France
• Germany
• Holland
• Denmark
• India
• etc

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And Communist China?

• http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6276543.st
  m