Title: Human Factors in Maintenance:
1 Human Factors in Maintenance A Twenty Year
Progress Report
and still counting
William B. Johnson Chief Scientific Technical
Advisor for Human Factors in A/C Maintenance
Systems bill-dr.johnson_at_faa.gov
2Agenda
- AVS Chief Scientist Program (1)
- Report card on early recommendations (14s)
- Maintenance Human Factors Presentation System
(MHFPS) (6s)
3Aviation Safety Organization
CSTAs Report here
Over 6700 Employees dedicated to Aviation Safety
4What Year
- In June of this year the FAA sponsored a
meeting of representatives of the aviation
industry to review problems associated with aging
aircraft. While much of this meeting addressed
issues of hardware metal fatigue and corrosion
there was a discussion of human factors. Todays
meeting reflects that growing interest in human
factors and its potential contribution to
continuing aviation safety.
Dr. Bill Shepherd FAA Office of Aviation
Medicine October 1988
5Recommendation Topics from 1988
- Communication must be improved
- Build error data bases
- Improve FAA 147 school curricula
- Supply of qualified maintenance personnel is
inadequate
- Training technologies must advance
- Gate time pressure must be controlled
- Conduct task analysis of mechanic/engineer job
- Establish a RD centers/process
- Technical manuals
6Communication must improve
- Meetings like this one
- 18 International Conferences on HF in Maintenance
- Pick up any aviation magazine
- New Guidance OPS Manual Web Sites and HF Guide
- Go to any conference
- Standard terms like
- Dirty Dozen
- Swiss Cheese
- Voluntary reporting
- Just culture
- Safety Management Systems
7Build error data bases
- Boeing MEDA
- UK Confidential Incident Reporting Programme
(CHIRP) - NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS)
- FAAs Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASAP)
- Recent ICAO SMS activity
- But we can still do a better job of sharing
8Improve FAA 147 school curricula
- Good progress in Europe
- HF Training required for certification
- Recurrent training
- Poor progress in US
- HF not required
- Thanks for 1200 EASA certificates in US
9Supply of qualified maintenance personnel is
inadequate
- An international challenge for sure
- Supply of qualified maintenance personnel is
inadequate - Desire or glamour is gone holidays weekends
less pay benefits etc. - Cost to obtain license and time required is
equivalent to BA degree - Confounded by layoffs and contract maintenance in
US - Labor shortage affects the work environment
- Human resources
- Fatigue potential
- Increased risk
- Does this belong on an HF checklist
10Recommendation Topics from 1988 How are we doing
so far
- Communication must be improved
- Build error data bases
- Improve FAA 147 school curricula
- Supply of qualified maintenance personnel is
inadequate
- Training technologies must advance
- Gate time pressure must be controlled
- Conduct task analysis of mechanic/engineer job
- Establish a RD centers/process
- Technical manuals
11 Training technologies must advance
- Desktop simulation (with real time)
- Improved CBT
- Improved embedded training systems
- Improved manufacturer documentation for training
- Good examples of WBT have emerged
- .however in US type-training is reduced
12 Gate time pressure must be controlled
- Improved staff awareness of error
- Improved procedural design and compliance
- Becoming more complex due to decrease in manpower
- Pressure is therethreats are there
- Safety Culture is critical
- Plan for Mx Ramp LOSA
13Conduct task analysis of mechanic/engineer job
- Completed by university in US
- Approved maintenance organizations can do
- Software products and process available
- Should be an SMS component
- M-LOSA may help
- There are opportunities for improvement
14Establish a RD center/process
- FAA Mx HF RD program
- European Adams2 and HILAS programs
- Airbus Boeing and other manufacturer attention
to Mx HF - FAA established HQ ASI with budget
- FAA established Chief Scientific Technical
Advisor - EASA searching for Human Factors Expert
15Technical manuals
- Much improved since 1988 but more needed
- Standardized formats across manufacturers
- New on-board tech. pubs. for new aircraft
- Web-based distribution
- and Not following published procedures remains
the 1 challenge
16Final scorecard from 1988
- Communication must be improved
- Build error data bases
- Improve FAA 147 school curricula
- Supply of qualified maintenance personnel is
inadequate
- Training technologies must advance
- Gate time pressure must be controlled
- Conduct task analysis of mechanic/engineer job
- Establish a RD centers/process
- Technical manuals
17Did not make 1988 list
- These mechanics working at starting wages find
it difficult to make ends meet and often require
second jobs. - shortage of mechanics..This leads to overtime
and longer than normal hours and again
contributes to the fatigue of an employee and
associated vulnerability. - night maintenance.The mechanic has to do his
business during the day and often goes to work
tired as a result.
Norman Grubb VP Engineering Henson Airlines
18Agenda
- AVS Chief Scientist Program
- Report card on early recommendations
- Maintenance Human Factors Presentation System
(MHFPS)
19MHFPS System Contents
- Approximately 170 PowerPoints (Many with
speaker notes) - 11 FAA Video Snippets (produced in 2007)
- 38 Animations (produced by Lufthansa Technical
Training) - A short medium and long presentation
- 7 content specific presentations (e.g. HF
Overview Fatigue Error etc.)
20Launch Menu on DVD
212
History of Human Factors
22Mx Human Factors has Evolved in 20 Years!
233
Human Factors Spectacles
24What did you Learn about Human Factors Spectacles
from the Introductory Video
What was the premise of the human factors
spectacles video List 10 things that you see
while driving with your human factors spectacles
List 10 things that you see in this class with
your human factors spectacles List 10 things
that you see at work with your human factors
spectacles
List 11 things that see at home with the human
factors spectacles List . in the mirror
25The Maintenance Human Factors Presentation System
- MHFPS
In US aam520-mmpi-2_at_faa.gov In
EU sec_at_ifairworthy.com
26Summary
- AVS Chief Scientist Program
- Report card on early recommendations Maintenance
Human Factors Presentation System (MHFPS)
27Thank you Bill Johnson 10.08.08
