Millennium

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Millennium Development Goals
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MALDIVES A nation of small, remote and widely
dispersed island communities

• 1200 low-lying islands in 26 natural atolls.
• The archipelago encompasses an area of about
  90,000 square km
  
• Only 33 islands have land areas of more than one
  square km
  
• 80 islands are smaller than one fourth of a
  square kilometer
  
• Of the 199 inhabited islands
• 135 have fewer than 1000 inhabitants
• 74 have fewer than 500 inhabitants
• 24 fewer than 250
• 15 islands have more than 2000 people and
• 4 islands have more than 5,000 people.
• Severe diseconomies of scale in delivery of basic
  social and economic services

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Headcount RatioPoverty line 1 PPP (Rf 4.34)
1997
4
3.5
3
1997
2.5
Target
2
Target
1.5
2004
2004
1997
1
Target
0.5
2004
0
National
Male'
Atolls
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Headcount Ratio
50
45
40
1997
35
2004
30
Headcount ratios ()
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Reduced by more than half
20
15
10
5
0
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Various poverty lines, expenditure per person per
day (Rufiyaa)
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Prevalence of underweight children under 5 years
50
46
45
43
40
30
30
27
23
20
10
0
1990
1994
1997
2001
2004
2015
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Net Enrolment RatioPrimary Grades 1 - 7
103.7
2004
101.5
2003
100.9
2002
98.2
2001
98.0
2000
98.7
1999
1998
99.2
99.5
1997
86.7
1990
0
20
40
60
80
100
Net Enrolment Ratio ()
10
Net Enrolment by Gender
102.3
2004
105.0
101.0
2003
102.0
100.4
2002
101.4
Female
97.4
2001
98.9
Male
97.1
2000
98.8
98.1
1999
99.4
98.4
1998
99.9
99.5
1997
99.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
Enrolment ratio ()
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Goal 3 Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women

• GOAL will NOT be achieved with business as usual
• With specific interventions the goal CAN be
  achieved

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Female to male ratio in tertiary qualifications
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Share of female employment

• Between 1990 and 2000 FLFPR increased by 14
  percentage points from 20 to 34
  
• FLFPR in Male increased from 19 to 33
• FLFPR in the Atolls increased from 21 to 35
• BUT
• men continue to have almost twice as much
  presence in the labor force relative to women

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Women in parliament

• 2 out of 48 seats in 1990
• 6 out of 50 seats in 2005
• An increase of 8 percentage points from 4 to 12

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Under 5 mortality rate

• Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the
  under-five mortality rate

2003 18/1000 live births
2015 target 16/1000 live births
1990 baseline 48/1000 live births
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Infant mortality rate
Infant mortality per 1000 live births by sex -
1990 to 2003
45
1990 34/1000 live births 2003 14/1000 live bi
rths
40
35
30
25
rqte('000)
20
15
10
5
Total
Male
Female
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
year
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Immunisation

• Close to universal vaccination for EPI vaccines
  for over 10 years
  
• One of the highest vaccine coverage within the
  South Asia region
  
• Measles immunisation 1990 96 2002 97

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Maternal Mortality Ratio

• Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015,
  the maternal mortality ratio

2015 target 65/100,000 live births
2003 78/100,000 live births
1997 baseline 262/100,000 live births
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HIV/AIDS

• HIV screening initiated in 1993
• 13 local cases reported by 2003
• No cases of HIV reported among pregnant women
• Over 100 cases reported positive among foreign
  nationals

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Malaria and other major diseases

• Malaria has been eradicated and no indigenous
  cases detected since 1984
  
• Prevalence and death rates associated with
  tuberculosis
  
• In 1995 case fatality rate stood at 5 percent
• Zero case fatality reported since 2002
• Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and
  cured under DOTS
  
• DOTS initiated to 100 percent of detected cases

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Environmental sustainability

• Use of solid fuels
• 1990 2004
• Firewood 79 24
• Improved source of drinking water
• Male 100 - piped desalinated
• Atolls 90 - untreated rainwater
• Access to toilet facilities
• Male 100
• Atolls 96

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Environmental Challenges

• Climate change and sea level rise
• Natural disasters mitigation and management
• Transboundry air-pollution
• High dependency on imported oil

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Thank you