Chapter 10 The Byzantine Empire and Russia Section 3 Russia and the Mongols

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Chapter 10 The Byzantine Empire and
RussiaSection 3 - Russia and the Mongols
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• The Story Continues
• When Yaroslav the Wises rule ended in A.D. 1054,
  Kiev declined in power. During the first quarter
  of the A.D. 1100s, however, the city enjoyed a
  brief revival under the leadership of Vladimir
  Monomakh, who ruled from A.D. 1113 to A.D. 1125.
  In protecting the Kievan state, Vladimir was
  merciless against his enemies. As a result, Kiev
  was often at war during his reign.

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• In the 1000s, Kiev declined in power due to
• infighting by princes

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• The Polovtsy, a Turkish people, took control of
• the area south of Kiev in 1055 and interfered
• with trade

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• Vladimir Monomakh, a Kievan ruler in the early
• A.D. 1100s, ruthlessly campaigned against the
• Polovtsy

After the Battle with the Polovtsy
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I. Attacks on Kiev

• Mongols, led by Batu, conquered the
• weakened Kiev about 1240

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• The Mongols
• controlled Kievan
• Russia until the late
• 1400s and greatly
• influenced Slavic
• society

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• The Mongols imposed heavy taxes but
• allowed the Slavs to keep their government
• and customs

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• The Mongols built roads and improved
• communication and taxation methods

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• In the 1300s Lithuania and Poland seized
• territory from western Kievan Russia

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I. Attacks on Kiev

• There were also religious conflicts - The Poles
• were Roman Catholic, while the Slavs were
• Eastern Orthodox

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• As Mongol rule grew weaker, Moscow became
• a major Russian principality under Ivan I

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• In 1328, Ivan was given the title Great Prince,
• and the leader of the Orthodox church moved
• to Moscow

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• In the late A.D. 1400s, Ivan III (Ivan the
• Great) united many principalities and became
• the first ruler of independent Russia

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• Ivan the Great was an absolute monarch who
• expanded Russia through military conquest

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• In 1533 Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) became
• ruler of Russia and took the title of czar

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• Ivan IV developed a modern legal code,
• renewed trade with western Europe and
• opened Siberia to settlement

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• Ivan formed a personal group of civil servants,
• the oprichniki, who arrested boyars and gave
• their land to Ivans supporters

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• By 1500, the Orthodox Church in Russia was
• a major landowner

Saint Basil's Cathedral, a Russian Orthodox
church in Moscows Red Square
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II. The Rise of Moscow

• The church became independent from
• Constantinople, and Russian bishops began
• choosing their own patriarch

His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia
Alexy II
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II. The Rise of Moscow

• When Constantinople fell to the Ottoman
• Turks in 1453, Russians proclaimed Moscow
• the third Rome

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II. The Rise of Moscow

• As the third Rome, Moscow claimed it would
• bring the light of the Christian orthodox faith
  to
• the world

Russian Orthodox Cross