X. How to Deal with Large-Scale Organization of a Passage

1
X. How to Deal with Large-Scale Organization of
a Passage
2
The Challenge
3
Reading Assignments

• Required
• Within this chapter, read the section on
  Introduction to Propositional Relations and
  Rhetorical Analysis, pp. 10.13ff.
• Optional
• Poythress, Propositional Relations
• Beekman-Callow, Translating 267-342
• Ryken, How to Read the Bible as Literature
• Fee, How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth

4
Where Are We?

• 1. Preliminary acquaintance with the text
• 2. Exegesis in the original setting
• f. Outline the passage
• 3. Relations with other passages
• 4. Role in redemptive history
• 5. Application

5
Where Are We?

• 1. Preliminary acquaintance with the text
• 2. Exegesis in the original setting
• f. Outline the passage
• 3. Relations with other passages
• 4. Role in redemptive history
• 5. Application

6
A. Fundamentals of Discourse
7
Aspects of Structure
Discourse
8
Illustration of Structure
9
B. Constructing an Outline

• Looking at Integrality (chunks)

10
What Is an Outline?

• An example of an outline

I. Davids zeal rouses him A. Goliath
challenges Israel B. David proposes to
fight II. David meets Goliath A. David
prepares 1. Saul gives his armor 2. David
takes stones B. David and Goliath talk C.
David wins the victory
11
Our Type of Outline

• Reveals integrality (chunks)
• Focuses on content.
• Shows real (objective) unities.

12
Our Type of Outline

• Reveals integrality (chunks of the discourse)
• Focuses on referential subsystem, on content.
  Grammar furnishes hints, but is a means to the
  end.
• Is not merely subjective, but shows real
  (objective) unities produced by the author and
  displayed in the discourse structure.

13
An Example from Isaiah 40-66

• See attached pages.
• Makes sense of complex material.
• Unity of Isaiah 46-56 refutes multiple authorship.

14
An Example from Isaiah 40-66

• See attached pages.
• The outline makes sense of otherwise very complex
  material.
• Note that a unified outline extends from at least
  46 to 56, refuting theories of multiple
  authorship.

15
Repeated Themes in Isa. 46-56

• Servant Song (491-7)
• Birth and creation (498-21)
• Salvation to the nations (4922-26)
• Righteousness (501-3)

16
An Example from Ephesians

• I. Opening Greeting 11-2
• II. What God has done for you in Christ
  12-321 (doctrinal section)
• A. Appreciating Gods spiritual feast 13-23
• B. Entering God's feast 21-22
• C. The waiter at God's feast 31-21
• III. What you are to do in response through
  God's power and provision 41-620 (ethical
  section)
• A. Your new life with one another 41-16
• B. Your new life contrasted with the old
  417-69
• C. The battle in your new life 610-20
• IV. Closing greetings 621-24

17
Implications from Ephesians

• Suggests a series of sermons.
• Shows unity of the book.
• Doctrine (1-3) is foundation for ethics (4-6).
• Not independent!
• Avoid dead orthodoxy and moralism.

18
Implications from Ephesians

• Suggests a way to develop a series of sermons.
• Shows overall unity of the book, overcoming a
  tendency to read small bits in isolation.
• Ephesian 1-3, the doctrinal section, is the
  foundation for Ephesians 4-6, the ethical
  section. The two do not exist independently!
  Avoid dead orthodoxy and moralism.

19
Criteria for Detecting Integrality
20
Analysis of Isaiah 5118
h_at_lf lh'nam-Ny)' Mynibf_at_-lkf_at_mi hdfl3Fyf h_at_dfyf
b_at_ qyzixjma Ny)'w Mynibf_at_-lkf_at_imi .hlfd'\_at_giG
21
Criteria for Unity

• Recurrence of key words
• Recurrence of key phrases
• Recurrence of affixes mood, tense, subject,
  object, person
• Recurrence of ideas
• In narrative, unity of location or time

22
Recurrent Words
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
Recurrent Ideas Synonyms
comfort
console
24
Recurrent Ideas Antonyms
comfort
- grieve
25
Recurrent Ideas Hyponyms

• Comfort is a hyponym of help
• A smaller, more precise range of meaning

help
comfort
26
More Hyponyms
animal
mammal
dog
collie

• Each is a hyponym of the words above it.

27
Recurrent Ideas Semantic Domain
Fitness of food (Lev. 1010)
holywOdqf agioj
cleanrwOhf kaqaro/j
profane, commonlxobe/bhloj
unclean)m'f a)ka/qartoj
28
Narrative Unity through Location and Time
. . . . . in the house . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . went out . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . across the sea . . .
29
Criteria for Boundaries

• Change of subject-matter
• Grammatical signals
• Boundaries of parallelism

30
Discourse Boundaries in Hebrew
high level

• w
• yki_at_ Nk'_at_
• ø
• M)i N(amal Npe
• re)j

within clause
l l)e t)' k_at_ b_at_ Nmi Nyb'_at_ l(a M(i d(
w ø
31
Sentence Boundaries in Greek

• Sentence boundaries withkai/, de/, gar,
  a)lla, oun, me/n, dio, a!ra, e1peita, dia_
  touto and wste followed by indicative mood.
• Ignoring subordinate clauses, a sentence has
• one finite verb, or
• coordinate verbs, or
• a verbless equative clause.

32
Sentence Boundaries in Greek

• Sentence boundaries are usually marked by use of
  the following conjunctions kai/, de/, gar,
  a)lla, oun, me/n, dio, a!ra, e1peita, dia_
  touto and wste followed by indicative mood.
• Ignoring subordinate clauses, a sentence is found
  to have at its center
• one finite verb (excluding infinitives,
  participles), or
• coordinate verbs, or
• a verbless equative clause.

33
Paragraph Boundaries in Greek
In letters

• A vocative (e.g., a)delfoi/).
• peri/ genitive, for a new subject (1 Cor. 71,
  25, 81, 4, 121, 161, 2 Cor. 91, 2 Thess.
  21).
• A disclosure formula (know) (in first or
  second sentence).
• Use of grafw for the present writing.
• A performative verb.
• (Nominative pronoun without contrast.
• loipo/n.

34
Example of Paragraph Boundary
1 Thess. 2.1 Au0toi\ ga_r oi1date, a)delfoi/,
th_n ei1sodon h(mwn th_n pro\j u9maj o3ti ou0
kenh_ ge/gonen,
35
Second Example
1 Thess. 4.1 Loipo\n oun, a)delfoi/, e)rwtwmen
u(maj kai\ parakaloumen e)n kuri/w 0Ihsou,
i3na kaqw_j parela/bete par' h(mwn to\ pwj dei
u(maj peripatein kai\ a)re/skein qew,
36
Paragraphs in Narrative

• Shift in Time
• Shift in Location
• e)ge/neto with the sense, it came to pass.
• Change of principal actors.
• None of these by itself is infallible.

37
Criteria for Connectors

• Grammatical dependence subordinators,
  conjunctions, prepositions, case relations,
  deixis
• One proposition referentially supporting another
• Parallelism.

38
Criteria for Connectors

• Grammatical dependence subordinators,
  conjunctions, prepositions, case relations,
  deixis
• One proposition referentially supporting another
• Parallelism, including parallel introductions or
  conclusions (and inclusio).

39
Types of Parallelism
m a b a b n p
ordinary
40
C. Practice with Outlining

• 1. Isaiah 5117-20

41
Isaiah 5117-20
5117a b c d e f g
yrirwO(thi yrirwO(thi Mlafwry
yimiwq hwFFhy dy,Ami tytif re)j wOt3mfxj
swOk_at_-t)e swOk_at_ t(ab_at_aqu-t)e hlf('rt_at_aha tytif
.tyc\imf h_at_lf lh'nAm-Ny)' MynIb_at_f-lk_at_fmi hdfl
3FyF h_at_dfyFb_at_ qyzixjma Ny)'w Mynib_at_f-lk_at_fmi hlf
d\_at_'g_at_i K7yita)orqo hnFh' Myit_at_aK7l3F
dwnyF ymi rbeehaw doha brexehaw
b(frfhfw .K7m\'xjna)j ymiwpl_at_(u
K7yinab_at_f twOcwx-lk_at_f )rob_at_ wbkf
rm3Fkmi )wOotk_at_ hwFhy-tmaxj My)il'mha\K7yih\f
lo)v tra(jga
18a b c d
19a b c d e
20a b c d e
10.11a
42
Isaiah 5117-20
rouse up
5117a b c d e f g
yrirwO(thi yrirwO(thi Mlafwry
yimiwq hwFFhy dy,Ami tytif re)j wOt3mfxj
swOk_at_-t)e swOk_at_ t(ab_at_aqu-t)e hlf('rt_at_aha tytif
.tyc\imf h_at_lf lh'nAm-Ny)' MynIb_at_f-lk_at_fmi hdfl
3FyF h_at_dfyFb_at_ qyzixjma Ny)'w Mynib_at_f-lk_at_fmi hlf
d\_at_'g_at_i K7yita)orqo hnFh' Myit_at_aK7l3F
dwnyF ymi rbeehaw doha brexehaw
b(frfhfw .K7m\'xjna)j ymiwpl_at_(u
K7yinab_at_f twOcwx-lk_at_f )rob_at_ wbkf
rm3Fkmi )wOotk_at_ hwFhy-tmaxj My)il'mha\K7yih\f
lo)v tra(jga
rise up
you drank from Gods fury
you drank fully
you drank and no sons helped the staggering
18a b c d
you have no guidance
there are no sons to care or help the staggering
you and yours sons suffer
you have no strengthening
19a b c d e
things happen without comfort
disaster comes without comfort
you and your sons are in distress
disaster comes
disaster comes without comfort
20a b c d e
sons fell in the street
sons lay down
sons are in distress
sons are full of wrath
10.11b
43
Lets Do It
44
From Tree to Outline
45
you drank from Gods fury
you drank and no sons helped the staggering
you have no guidance
there are no sons to care or help the staggering
you and yours sons suffer
you have no strengthening
disaster comes without comfort
you and your sons are in distress
sons fell in the street
sons are in distress
sons are full of wrath
46
Outline of Isaiah 5117d-20

• Overall point You and your sons suffer

I. You drank and no sons helped the staggering.
A. You drank from Gods fury. B. There are
no sons to care or help the staggering. 1. You
have no guidance. 2. You have no
strengthening. II. You and your sons are in
distress. A. Disaster comes without
comfort. B. Sons are in distress. 1. Sons
fell in the street. 2. Sons are full of wrath.
47
Isaiah 5117-20
rouse up
N
N
5117a b c d e f g
yrirwO(thi yrirwO(thi Mlafwry
yimiwq hwFFhy dy,Ami tytif re)j wOt3mfxj
swOk_at_-t)e swOk_at_ t(ab_at_aqu-t)e hlf('rt_at_aha tytif
.tyc\imf h_at_lf lh'nAm-Ny)' MynIb_at_f-lk_at_fmi hdfl
3FyF h_at_dfyFb_at_ qyzixjma Ny)'w Mynib_at_f-lk_at_fmi hlf
d\_at_'g_at_i K7yita)orqo hnFh' Myit_at_aK7l3F
dwnyF ymi rbeehaw doha brexehaw
b(frfhfw .K7m\'xjna)j ymiwpl_at_(u
K7yinab_at_f twOcwx-lk_at_f )rob_at_ wbkf
rm3Fkmi )wOotk_at_ hwFhy-tmaxj My)il'mha\K7yih\f
lo)v tra(jga
//
rise up
//
you drank from Gods fury
//
you drank fully
N
N
you drank and no sons helped the staggering
N
Cpt?
And
18a b c d
N
you have no guidance
there are no sons to care or help the staggering
Cpt?
you and yours sons suffer
N
you have no strengthening
N
//
Cpt?
19a b c d e
things happen without comfort
N
Res?
N
disaster comes without comfort
you and your sons are in distress
//
N
disaster comes
//
disaster comes without comfort
N
N
Res?
And
N
20a b c d e
sons fell in the street
N
??
N
sons lay down
Like?
sons are in distress
N
Res?
N
sons are full of wrath
//
10.30a
48
2. Outlining Isaiah 5121-23
49
Isaiah 5121-23
5121a b c
t)zO )nF-y(imi Nk'lf hy3F,nI(j .NyyF,mi
)low trakuw hwOFhy K7yInAdo)j
rma)f-hko_at_ wOm_at_(a byriyF K7yIhalo)w\' K7d'yF,mi
yti_at_xqalf hn'hi hl3F('rta_at_ha
swOk_at_-t)ei ytimfxj swOk_at_ t(aba_at_qu-t)e ypiysiwOt-)
l .dwO(\ h_at_tfwOt_at_li dyAb_at_ hfyti_at_maw K7yIgA
wOm K7'pnAl wrm)\F-re)j yxi hrfb\o(jnAw
ymiyitf_at_wA Cwxkaw K7w"g"
Cre)fkf Myri\b(o\la
22a b c d e f
23a b c d e f g
10.11c
50
Isaiah 5121-23
5121a b c
t)zO )nF-y(imi Nk'lf hy3F,nI(j .NyyF,mi
)low trakuw hwOFhy K7yInAdo)j
rma)f-hko_at_ wOm_at_(a byriyF K7yIhalo)w\' K7d'yF,mi
yti_at_xqalf hn'hi hl3F('rta_at_ha
swOk_at_-t)ei ytimfxj swOk_at_ t(aba_at_qu-t)e ypiysiwOt-)
l .dwO(\ h_at_tfwOt_at_li dyAb_at_ hfyti_at_maw K7yIgA
wOm K7'pnAl wrm)\F-re)j yxi hrfb\o(jnAw
ymiyitf_at_wA Cwxkaw K7w"g"
Cre)fkf Myri\b(o\la
hear, afflicted one
you are afflicted
see, I am vindi-cating you
22a b c d e f
God speaks in judgment
I requite, removing wrath from you to oppressors
I have removed wrath from you
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors,
because they oppressed you
I will give wrath to oppressors
23a b c d e f g
they said, Bow down for us
bow down for us
they made you bow down for them
you bowed down
10.11d
51
Lets Do It
52
Isaiah 5121-23
5121a b c
t)zO )nF-y(imi Nk'lf hy3F,nI(j .NyyF,mi
)low trakuw hwOFhy K7yInAdo)j
rma)f-hko_at_ wOm_at_(a byriyF K7yIhalo)w\' K7d'yF,mi
yti_at_xqalf hn'hi hl3F('rta_at_ha
swOk_at_-t)ei ytimfxj swOk_at_ t(aba_at_qu-t)e ypiysiwOt-)
l .dwO(\ h_at_tfwOt_at_li dyAb_at_ hfyti_at_maw K7yIgA
wOm K7'pnAl wrm)\F-re)j yxi hrfb\o(jnAw
ymiyitf_at_wA Cwxkaw K7w"g"
Cre)fkf Myri\b(o\la
hear, afflicted one
N
Cpt?
Intro
you are afflicted
see, I am vindi-cating you
//
N
22a b c d e f
God speaks in judgment
Body
//
N
I requite, removing wrath from you to oppressors
N
Cpt?
I have removed wrath from you
//
N
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors
N
N
Intending?
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors,
because they oppressed you
N
I will give wrath to oppressors
23a b c d e f g
N
Cpt?
Hence?
they said, Bow down for us
N
Cpt?
N
bow down for us
Inten-ding?
they made you bow down for them
N
Intending?
N
you bowed down
Cpt?
10.30b
53
3. Homework on Outlining

• Outline Isaiah 5211-12

54
Isaiah 5211-12
11a b c d e f g
Depart, depart, go out from there. Unclean do not
touch.Go out from the midst of her. Purify
yourselves, carriers of the goods of the
Lord.For not in alarm you will go out, and in
flight you will not go. For going before you is
the Lord, and your rearguard is the God of
Israel.
wrws wrws Mf_at_mi w)c w(g\Fti_at_-l)a
)m'f h_at_kfwOt_at_mi wO)c wrbf_at_hi .hwO3Fhy
yl'k_at_ y)'nO NwOzpfxib )l yki_at_ w)c't'_at_
hsfwnmbiw Nwk3l't' )l Mkeyn"pli
K7l'ho-yki_at_ hwOFhy Mkepsi_at_)amw .l)'\r'fyI
yh'lo)vo
12a b c d
10.12a
55
Outlining Isaiah 5211-12

• Use p. 10.12a.
• Assume Isaiah 5211-12 is a single unit.
• Mark out propositions with arcs.
• Link propositions into a tree.
• At each node, write summary.
• Do not let branches cross.

56
3. Homework on Outlining

• Construct an outline of Isaiah 5211-12 using the
  principles and techniques that we have discussed.
• Assume Isaiah 5211-12 is a single unit.
• Mark out individual propositions with arcs.
• Link the propositions into a tree.
• At each intersection of branches, write a
  sentence summary.
• Do not let branches cross one another.

57
Noncrossing Branches
a b a b
a b a b
58
D. Flow of Thought

• Including Propositional Relations and Rhetorical
  Analysis

59
1. Propositional Relations

• (look at organization)

60
Illustration of Structure
61
Fitting Together
Discourse
62
Analogy with Grammar
Bill
surprised
us
63
Complex Grammatical Slots
Rel
That he could swim had astonished the people on th
e next street
Cj Pn AuxV V AuxV V Art N Pp Art Adj N
DepCl
S
IntrClRt
Mode
Ax
S
P
VP
Head
Time
P
Cl
VP
Head
Det
O
Head
NP
Rel
PP
Det
Mod
Ax
NP
Head
64
Referential Slots

• Propositions support one another.
• Through causal, logical, topical, and temporal
  relations.
• Attached pages give details of types.

65
Referential Slots

• Propositions support one another through causal,
  logical, topical, and temporal relations.
• Attached pages give details as to the type of
  linkages that you may expect.

66
More than Two Propositions?

• Mostly two units link.
• But And, But, Or and // can link many
  units.

67
More than Two Propositions?

• Most of the time two units link into the next
  larger unit.
• But propositional relations with And, But,
  Or and // can link many units.

68
2. Prominence
69
Illustration of Structure
70
What Is Prominence?

• Some things stick out.

71
What Is Prominence?

• Some things stick out in the discourse, and are
  designed to carry the main impact.

72
Evidence for Prominence Rhetorical Fullness

• Rhetorical fullness, repetition mark prominence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73
Evidence for Prominence Rhetorical Fullness

• Rhetorical fullness, repetition, or more
  elaboration indicates prominence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
Theme Accounts for Rest
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
Theme Accounts for Rest
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
76
Weighted Propositional Relations
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Result?
77
Weighted Propositional Relations
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Result?
78
Grammatical Superordination
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o3ti
79
Grammatical Superordination
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
o3ti
80
Subordinators

• In Hebrew, yki_at_, re)j, N(amal introduce
  subordination.
• In Greek, o3ti, i3na, wste, o3pwj, ei), e3wj,
  ga/r, relative pronouns introduce subordinate
  clauses.

81
Maximum Cross-Reference

• More cross-references mean prominence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
Maximum Cross-Reference

• The more prominent unit has more cross-references
  to other portions of the passage.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
Summary of Evidence for Prominence

• Rhetorical fullness.
• Theme.
• Relations with natural weight.
• Grammatical superordination.
• Maximum cross reference.
• Your own sense of emphasis.

84
Summary of Evidence for Prominence

• Rhetorical fullness (e.g., repetition)
• Theme accounts for the rest
• Propositional relations with natural weight
• Grammatical superordination
• Maximum cross reference to other portions
• Do not forget your own sense of what is being
  emphasized

85
3. Fuzzy Complexities
86
What Do You Do with Transition?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87
Boundaries May Be Fuzzy
88
Dealing with Transitions
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
4. Full Rhetorical Analysis
90
Aspects of Rhetorical Analysis

• Not rhetorical criticism, focusing on
  specialized devices.
• Determine the chunks and tree.
• Determine propositional relations.
• Determine prominence.

91
Aspects of Rhetorical Analysis

• It is not to be confused with rhetorical
  criticism, which focuses on specialized devices.
• Determine the chunks and the tree structure
  (integrality).
• Determine propositional relations between units
  belonging to a single bigger unit (organization).
• Determine relative prominence of the smaller
  units within a larger unit (prominence).

92
E. Practice with Rhetorical Analysis
93
1. Rhetorical Analysis ofIsaiah 5117-20
94
Isaiah 5117-20
rouse up
5117a b c d e f g
yrirwO(thi yrirwO(thi Mlafwry
yimiwq hwFFhy dy,Ami tytif re)j wOt3mfxj
swOk_at_-t)e swOk_at_ t(ab_at_aqu-t)e hlf('rt_at_aha tytif
.tyc\imf h_at_lf lh'nAm-Ny)' MynIb_at_f-lk_at_fmi hdfl
3FyF h_at_dfyFb_at_ qyzixjma Ny)'w Mynib_at_f-lk_at_fmi hlf
d\_at_'g_at_i K7yita)orqo hnFh' Myit_at_aK7l3F
dwnyF ymi rbeehaw doha brexehaw
b(frfhfw .K7m\'xjna)j ymiwpl_at_(u
K7yinab_at_f twOcwx-lk_at_f )rob_at_ wbkf
rm3Fkmi )wOotk_at_ hwFhy-tmaxj My)il'mha\K7yih\f
lo)v tra(jga
rise up
you drank from Gods fury
you drank fully
you drank and no sons helped the staggering
18a b c d
you have no guidance
there are no sons to care or help the staggering
you and yours sons suffer
you have no strengthening
19a b c d e
things happen without comfort
disaster comes without comfort
you and your sons are in distress
disaster comes
disaster comes without comfort
20a b c d e
sons fell in the street
sons lay down
sons are in distress
sons are full of wrath
10.11b
95
Lets Do It
96
2. Rhetorical Analysis ofIsaiah 5121-23
97
Isaiah 5121-23
5121a b c
t)zO )nF-y(imi Nk'lf hy3F,nI(j .NyyF,mi
)low trakuw hwOFhy K7yInAdo)j
rma)f-hko_at_ wOm_at_(a byriyF K7yIhalo)w\' K7d'yF,mi
yti_at_xqalf hn'hi hl3F('rta_at_ha
swOk_at_-t)ei ytimfxj swOk_at_ t(aba_at_qu-t)e ypiysiwOt-)
l .dwO(\ h_at_tfwOt_at_li dyAb_at_ hfyti_at_maw K7yIgA
wOm K7'pnAl wrm)\F-re)j yxi hrfb\o(jnAw
ymiyitf_at_wA Cwxkaw K7w"g"
Cre)fkf Myri\b(o\la
hear, afflicted one
you are afflicted
see, I am vindi-cating you
22a b c d e f
God speaks in judgment
I requite, removing wrath from you to oppressors
I have removed wrath from you
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors
I remove wrath from you to your oppressors,
because they oppressed you
I will give wrath to oppressors
23a b c d e f g
they said, Bow down for us
bow down for us
they made you bow down for them
you bowed down
10.11d
98
Lets Do It
99
3. Homework 1 on Rhetorical Analysis

• Isaiah 5211-12

100
Isaiah 5211-12
11a b c d e f g
Depart, depart, go out from there. Unclean do not
touch.Go out from the midst of her. Purify
yourselves, carriers of the goods of the
Lord.For not in alarm you will go out, and in
flight you will not go. For going before you is
the Lord, and your rearguard is the God of
Israel.
wrws wrws Mf_at_mi w)c w(g\Fti_at_-l)a
)m'f h_at_kfwOt_at_mi wO)c wrbf_at_hi .hwO3Fhy
yl'k_at_ y)'nO NwOzpfxib )l yki_at_ w)c't'_at_
hsfwnmbiw Nwk3l't' )l Mkeyn"pli
K7l'ho-yki_at_ hwOFhy Mkepsi_at_)amw .l)'\r'fyI
yh'lo)vo
depart
go out from unclean
go out from unclean
purify
purify for holy service
go out, for you will be protected
12a b c d
you will not fearfully flee
you will go safely because of God
God protects you
NT 123 H.3
101
Rhetorical Analysis of Isaiah 5211-12

• Do a rhetorical analysis of Isaiah 5211-12.
• Start with tree from p. H.3.
• Add propositional relations and prominence.
• If equal prominence, omit marking.

102
3. Homework 1 on Rhetorical Analysis

• Do a rhetorical analysis of Isaiah 5211-12.
• Start with the outline (and tree structure)
  already obtained through earlier work (use my
  correct answer, not your own).
• Add labels for propositional relations and
  prominence.
• Sometimes two propositions are equally prominent,
  in which case you may omit the label for
  prominence.

103
4. Rhetorical Analysis of1 Thessalonians 19-10
104
1 Thess. 19-10
au)toi\ ga\r peri\ h(mwn a)pagge/llousin o(poi/an
ei1sodon e1sxomen pro\j u(maj, kai\
pwj e)pestre/yate pro\j to\n qeo\n a)po\ twn
ei)dwlwn douleu/ein qew zwnti kai\
a)lhqinw kai\ a)name/nein to\n ui(o\n
au)tou e)k twn ou)ranwn, o4n h!geiren e)k twn
nekrwn, )Ihsoun to\n r(uo/menon h(maj e)k
thj o)rghj thj e)rxome/nhj.
10.30c
105
1 Thess. 19-10
au)toi\ ga\r peri\ h(mwn a)pagge/llousin o(poi/an
ei1sodon e1sxomen pro\j u(maj, kai\
pwj e)pestre/yate pro\j to\n qeo\n a)po\ twn
ei)dwlwn douleu/ein qew zwnti kai\
a)lhqinw kai\ a)name/nein to\n ui(o\n
au)tou e)k twn ou)ranwn, o4n h!geiren e)k twn
nekrwn, )Ihsoun to\n r(uo/menon h(maj e)k
thj o)rghj thj e)rxome/nhj.
they announce how we came to you, and you turned
to await the Son
Cpt?
we came to you, and you turned to await the Son
N
Result?
you turned to await the Son
N
N
Intending?
you serve God and wait for his Son
And
N
you wait for his Son
N
Cpt?
God raised J. and J. delivers
And
10.30d
106
Lets Do It
107
5. Homework 2 on Rhetorical Analysis

• 1 John 16-7

108
1 John 16-7
10.30e
109
Rhetorical Analysis of 1 John 16-7

• Do a rhetorical analysis of 1 John 16-7.
• Start with p. 10.30e.
• Draw arcs around propositions.
• Link to form a tree.
• Add relations and prominence as you go.

110
5. Homework 2 on Rhetorical Analysis

• Do a rhetorical analysis of 1 John 16-7.
• Start with the page already supplied.
• Draw arcs around proposition-sized units.
• Link to form a tree structure. Add propositional
  relations and prominence as you go, rather than
  waiting until the tree structure is complete.

111
5. Homework 2 on Rhetorical Analysis

• John 823-24

112
John 823-24
kai\ e1legen au)toij, (Umeij e)k twn ka/tw
e)ste/, e)gw_ e)k twn a!nw ei)mi/ u(meij e)k
tou/tou tou ko/smou e)ste/, e)gw_ ou)k
ei)mi\ e)k tou ko/smou tou/tou. eipon oun
u(min o3ti a)poqaneisqe e)n taij a(marti/aij
u(mwn e)a\n ga\r mh\ pisteu/shte o3ti e)gw_
ei)mi, a)poqaneisqe e)n taij a(marti/aij u(mwn.
23a b c d e f g h i j
24a b c d e f g h i j
10.30e
113
Rhetorical Analysis of John 823-24

• Do a rhetorical analysis of John 823-24.
• Start with p. 10.30e.
• Draw arcs around propositions.
• Link to form a tree.
• Add relations and prominence as you go.

114
5. Homework 2 on Rhetorical Analysis

• Do a rhetorical analysis of John 823-24.
• Start with the page already supplied.
• Draw arcs around proposition-sized units.
• Link to form a tree structure. Add propositional
  relations and prominence as you go, rather than
  waiting until the tree structure is complete.

115
John 823-24
he said, You belong to this world, so you will die
23a b c d e f g h i j
kai\ e1legen au)toij, (Umeij e)k twn ka/tw
e)ste/, e)gw_ e)k twn a!nw ei)mi/ u(meij e)k
tou/tou tou ko/smou e)ste/, e)gw_ ou)k
ei)mi\ e)k tou ko/smou tou/tou. eipon oun
u(min o3ti a)poqaneisqe e)n taij a(marti/aij
u(mwn e)a\n ga\r mh\ pisteu/shte o3ti e)gw_
ei)mi, a)poqaneisqe e)n taij a(marti/aij u(mwn.
N
you are from below, but I am from above
Cpt?
But
you belong to this world, but I belong above
//
N
N
you belong to this world but I do not
you belong to this world, so you will die
N
But
Hence?
24a b c d e f g h i j
N
I said you would die
Cpt?
if you do not believe, you will die
N
N
Hence?
N
you do not believe I am he
if you do not believe, you will die
Cpt?
If?
N
NT 123 H.5
116
6. Homework 3 on Rhetorical Analysis

• 1 Thess. 413-14

117
1 Thess. 413-14

• Ou) qe/lomen de\
• u(maj a)gnoein,
• a)delfoi/,
• peri\ twn
• koimwme/nwn,
• i3na mh\ luphsqe
• kaqw_j kai\
• oi( loipoi\
• oi( mh\ e1xontej
• e)lpi/da
• ei) ga\r
• pisteu/omen
• o3ti )Ihsouj
• a)pe/qanen
• kai\ a)ne/sth,
• outwj kai\
• o( qeo\j
• tou\j koimhqe/ntaj
• dia\ tou )Ihsou

13a b c d e f g h i j
14a b c d e f g h i j
10.30f
118
Rhetorical Analysis of 1 Thess. 413-14

• Do a rhetorical analysis of 1 Thess. 413-14.
• Proceed as with 1 John 16-7.