Sentence Types

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Sentence Types

• Declarative - makes a statement (.)
• Imperative - makes a command (.)
• Interrogative - asks a question (?)
• Exclamatory - shows excitement (!)

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• Nouns A noun names a person, a place, a thing,
  or an idea.
• Common nouns (not capitalized)
• Proper nouns (capitalized)
• Singular nouns one
• Plural nouns nouns that name more than one.

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Verbs

• Action Verbs tells what the subject of the
  sentence does.
• Main Verbs and Auxiliary Verbs A verb phrase is
  made up of one or more auxiliary (helping) verbs
  and a main verb.

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Verbs

• Auxiliary verbs are helping verbs ex. Am, is,
  are, was, were, be, being, been, do, does, did,
  have, has, had, can, may, must, will, shall,
  could, might, would, should, etc..
• Main verbs are the last verb in the verb phrase.
• Ex. may have saved

Auxiliary
Main verb
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Subjects and Predicates

• Every sentence has a subject and a predicate.
• A subject tells whom or what the sentence is
  about.
• The predicate tells what the subject does, is,
  has, or feels.
• A complete subject contains all the words in the
  subject.
• A complete predicate contains all the words in
  the predicate.

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Limericks are light-hearted poems that are five
lines in length. Limericks have a specific rhyme
pattern as explained below Line 1 3 stressed
syllables (rhymes with lines 2 and 5) Line 2 3
stressed syllables (rhymes with lines 1 and
5) Line 3 2 stressed syllables (rhymes with
line 4) Line 4 2 stressed syllables (rhymes
with line 3) Line 5 3 stressed syllables
(rhymes with 1 and 2)
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King of the Hill
There once was an ant we called Phil. Who thought
he was king of the hill. He took a big plunge And
fell in some grunge. Hes no longer the king of
the hill.
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Adverbs 1. An adverb is a word that describes
(modifies) a verb, adjective, or another
adverb. 2. Adverbs answer three questions about
the verbs they describe - how, when, and
where. 3. Adverbs that modify adjectives or other
adverbs tell how or to what extent.
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Subjects in Imperative and Interrogative
Sentences The subject of an imperative sentence
is always (you.) You is usually understood
rather than stated. To find the subject of an
interrogative sentence, rearrange the question
into a statement. Then ask who or what is the
sentence about.
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Ex. Please test the battery. Subject
(You) Will the actors speak loudly? The actors
will speak loudly. Subject actors
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(No Transcript)
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Adjectives Cont 1. Common adjectives describe
nouns in a general way ex. big dog Proper
adjectives are formed from proper nouns ex.
Victorian house 2. Demonstrative adjectives
answer which ones ex. that, these, and those
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Using Adjectives to Compare 1. The positive
degree describes one thing.
Kyle was good at solving
riddles. He is short. 2. The
comparative degree compares two things.
Tylers sister was better
than he. Tylers sister is shorter.
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Using Adjectives to Compare cont 3. The
superlative degree compares three or more things.
Her brother was the best
riddle solver of all.
Her brother
is shortest.
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Spelling of Comparing Adjectives -Add -er and
-est to most adjectives that are one or two
syllables long. Ex. bigger -If the one or two
syllable adjective ends in y, drop the y and add
-ier or -iest. Ex. happiest -Use more and most or
less and least in front of most adjectives with
two or more syllables. Ex. More advanced
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Exam Study Guide 1. Five sentences from previous
test will need to be edited and corrected. 2.
Sentence Types 3. You will perform colorful
parts of speech on five sentences. 4. Matching
Parts of speech and their definitions.
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Spelling cont -Add-r and -st to short adjectives
that end in e. ex. Able, abler, ablest -Some
adjectives are irregular and dont follow these
rules, for example bad/worse/worst or
good/better/best
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Pronouns Are words that can be substituted for
nouns in naming people, places, and
things. Personal pronouns refer to people
or animals I, you, she, he, it, we, they, me,
him, her, us, them Possessive pronouns are
personal pronouns used to show possession my,
mine, your(s), his, her(s), our(s), their(s),
whose
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Demonstrative pronouns refer to specific people,
places, or things this, that, these,
those Indefinite pronouns refer to or replace
nouns in a general way. Some indefinite pronouns
are also used as adjectives all, any, anyone,
both, each, either, every, many, neither, nobody,
no one, nothing, other(s), several, some, someone
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Reflexive pronouns are used to refer back to
subject nouns and pronouns myself, yourself,
himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves,
themselves. Intensive pronouns are reflexive
pronouns that emphasize a noun or another
pronoun John himself, she herself, the team
themselves, we ourselves Interrogative
pronouns are used to ask questions what, which,
whom, whose, who
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Examples Personal They told us that they were
going to meet her at the mall. Possessive
If this bubble gum isnt hers, then it must be
mine. Demonstrative Which ice skates are
lighter, these or those? Indefinite Anyone
can try out for the team, but only some will make
it. Reflexive Cathy knew she could do it
herself.
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Examples cont Intensive We ourselves formed
the new reading club. Interrogative What
is happening and to whom?
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Prepositions Prepositions relate a noun or
pronoun to another word in the same sentence. A
preposition can also connect a pronoun to a noun
in a sentence. A preposition usually tells
where something is, where something is going, or
when something is happening. A preposition
always introduces a phrase.
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The noun at the end of the prepositional phrase
is the object of the preposition. Examples The
cups are over the sink. Lee went to the
concert with Kim. Mary ran to her mother.
The cat ran after the mouse.
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Being and Linking Verbs Being verbs are linking
verbs that do not describe action, but a state of
being. They connect a noun or adjective to the
subject of a clause or sentence. Common Being
and Linking Verbs am is are was
were seem be being been become look appear feel
taste smell
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Conjunctions Words that join words, phrases,
clauses, and sentences. Coordinating
conjunctions-join words phrases, and sentences
(and but nor so or yet) Subordinating
conjunctions-join dependent clauses to
independent clauses (after, although, as, as if,
because, before, for, if, once, since, so, so
that,
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than, that, though, till, unless, until, when,
whenever, where, whereas, wherever, whether,
while)
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Direct Objects A direct object receives the
action of a verb. Some direct objects are
compound. To find the direct object, find the
action verb, and ask who or what receives the
action.