Cryptosporidium

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Cryptosporidium
Cryptosporidiosis is also known as crypto, is a
parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporodium, a
protozoan parasite of the tribe Apiocomplexa.
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How it works
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Symptoms!

• The symptoms manifests itself from two to ten
  days after infection, with an average of seven
  days and can last up to two weeks, or in some
  cases up to a month. Other symptoms include
  nausea, vomiting and dehydration. The individuals
  who are asytomatiska (have no symptoms) are still
  infectious and can therefore transmit the
  infection to others. Even after symptoms have
  finally subsided, an individual remains
  infectious for a few weeks.

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The Parasites proliferation
When Cryptosporidium spreads beyond the
intestine, especially in patients with AIDS, it
can reach the lungs, middle ear, pancreas and
stomach.The parasite can also infect the biliary
tract.Cryptosporidiosis occurs worldwide. It
causes 50.8 of the water-borne diseases
attributed to parasites
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some of the numerous cases!
1987 was 13,000 people in Carrolton, Georgia, ill
with cryptosporidiosis. This was the first report
on the spread of a municipal water systems that
met all state and federal standards for drinking
water.
In March 2007, there were a suspected outbreak in
Galway, Ireland. The source for much of the
region, Lough Corrib, was suspected of being
infected by the parasite. The population of
90,000 people, including areas for both Galway
city and surrounding counties were advised to
boil water before drinking, cooking and brushing
teeth. On 21 March 2007 confirmed that the city
and the county's water supply was contaminated by
the parasite. Area's water supply finally got an
approval on 20 August, five months after the
Cryptospridum first detected. Approximately 240
known cases of disease-bearing persons were
reported, but according to experts, the real
figure would have been right up to 5000.
In November 2010 reported 4500 cases of
cryptosporidiosis in Ostersund. The source of
contamination is tap water. Based on the number
of cases, estimates the local authorities, the
total number affected to between 3000-9000 people.
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Purification of the drinking water

• Cryptosporidium is highly resistant to
  klordesinfiktion, with enough high concentrations
  and contact time, disabled Cryptosporidium by
  chlorine dioxide and ozone treatment. The the
  required levels of chlorine normally preclude the
  use of chlorine disinfection as a reliable method
  to control Cryptosporidium in drinking water.
  Ultraviolet (UV) light treatment at relatively
  low doses inactivate Cryptosporidium. Water
  Research Foundation-paid research discovered the
  original UV's ability to inactivate
  Cryptosporidium.

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Distribution in Sweden
In year 2000 came the first wave of
cryptosporidium in Sweden's history. In Ostersund
they found the parasite Cryptosporidium in the
water and then they had to boil their water for
about 3 months before the problem was fixt. The
year 2011 it was skellefteå who got to be the
other city in swedens history to experienced the
cryptosporidium parasite, it took about one-two
months for skellefteå to get their water
purified.