Theories of learning: 1) Operant conditioning 2) Cognitive theory/insight 3) learning Which one is most suitable? Observational learning

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Theories of learning1) Operant
conditioning2) Cognitive theory/insight 3)
learningWhich one is most suitable?Observationa
l learning
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By the end of the lesson you should know

• What Operant conditioning is
• What Positive and negative reinforcement is in a
  sports context
• What punishment is in a sports context

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Operant Conditioning

• Operant operating producing effects.
• Operant Conditioning
• A process of behaviour modification in which the
  likelihood of a specific behaviour is increased
  or decreased through positive or negative
  reinforcement each time the behaviour is
  exhibited, so that the subject comes to associate
  the pleasure or displeasure of the reinforcement
  with the behaviour.
• Think of some examples in your day to day life
  when this occurs.

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Examples

• Pleases and thankyous!
• Dogs pooing! You weeing/pooing!
• Being told off at school compare you to yr.7s
  operant conditioning is different.
• Trying to shape behaviour , by either a reward or
  punishment.

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Sporting Examples

• A cricket batsman will attempt to play a certain
  type of shot each time the bowler pitches the
  ball in a certain area.
• A netball centre will pass the ball to a specific
  teammate depending on the agreed call being made
• Can you now think of your own sporting examples?

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Stimulus Response (S-R) Bond

• The individual creates an S-R bond dependant on
  the success s/he is having.
• The Stimulus provided from a coach can be 1 of
  three things in order to get the response right
  and strengthen the bond.
• 3 types of Stimulus
• Positive reinforcement Use of a stimulus to
  create feelings of satisfaction to encourage the
  repetition of the action
• Negative reinforcement When the stimulus is
  withdrawn when the desired response occurs
• Punishment Giving a stimulus to prevent a
  response reoccurring (Coach Carter) weakens
  response.
• Using the book try to think of different examples
  of the 3 types of stimulus that a coach would use
  to reinforce the correct response.

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Throwing a ball in a bin

1. Provide positive reinforcement
2. Provide negative reinforcement
3. Provide punishment!!!!

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Exam questions

• (c) Explain how a coach could use operant
  conditioning to strengthen the stimulusresponse
  bond. (5 marks)
• (a) Explain the terms negative reinforcement and
  punishment, giving examples of each from a team
  game. (4 marks)
• (b) Using examples, explain how a coach could use
  positive reinforcement to improve the performance
  of his players. (2 marks)
• (c) Reinforcement is a feature of operant
  conditioning. What else does the coach need to
  consider for operant conditioning to be
  effective? (3 marks) -