The Medieval Period 1066 - 1485 Medieval Mayhem - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 42
About This Presentation
Title:

The Medieval Period 1066 - 1485 Medieval Mayhem

Description:

... (through mother s side) Henry Tudor (Lancaster) ... lowest position in society Horrible life, inconceivable to even consider running away CHIVALRY! – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:432
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 43
Provided by: MichaelM142
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: The Medieval Period 1066 - 1485 Medieval Mayhem


1
The Medieval Period1066 - 1485 Medieval Mayhem
  • English III British Literature
  • Mr. Macaluso

2
Dates...
  • A-S Period Early Medieval Period
  • Middle Ages Later Medieval Period
  • No more Dark Ages
  • Why?
  • Survival of Church, Latin, English government and
    Culture

3
  • 1066 Battle of Hastings
  • England united for the first time since the
    Romans under William the Conqueror
  • defeated King Harold for the throne
  • death-bearing clouds of arrows
  • 1485 Henry VII takes the throne
  • Ends the War of the Roses
  • Begins the Renaissance and Tudor dynasty

4
(No Transcript)
5
Life in 1066
  • William intended to rule with English nobles,
    but
  • Norman knights rewarded with land
  • Most significant change?
  • ?
  • Normans upper class, spoke French
  • Saxons lower class, spoke English

6
The Hundred Years War
  • 1337 1453 England v. France
  • William was King of England and Duke of France
  • Many of his successors kept both titles, in 1336,
    Edward III enforces his claim to the throne
  • 1362 English used to open Parliament
  • 1380 Bible translated to English
  • English lose all French territories except the
    port of Calais
  • Rise of Yeoman and Longbow

7
(No Transcript)
8
Feudalism
  • Domesday Book ? survey of land
  • System of landholding, involves rights and duties
    depending on rank in society
  • King gives land to Lords, Lords give land to
    knights, all pledge loyalty to the King
  • Serfs worked the land of the manor

9
(No Transcript)
10
Feudalism
  • FIEF land given by king or lord
  • VASSAL knight who fights for lord
  • FEALTY loyalty vow of knights/vassals
  • VILLEIN serf lowest position in society
  • Horrible life, inconceivable to even consider
    running away

11
CHIVALRY!
  • Means mounted warrior in French
  • the moral code of conduct of feudalism
  • the Knight and the Lady
  • Loyalty

12
The Accolade -- Edmund Leighton
13
  • The Knight must prefer ________ to ___________
    !
  • The lady must be held
  • in the highest regard!

14
Stages to Knighthood
  • 1)
  • 7 years old
  • Left home for another lords castle to learn war
    skills and manners acted as servant to family ?
    humility, allegiance
  • 2)
  • 14 years old
  • Apprentice to a knight
  • Prove self in battle, reading, writing, even
    chess
  • Armor 50lbs

15
Stages to Knighthood
  • 3)
  • 21 years old
  • Night before cold bath
  • Kneel and swear vows
  • Fealty to CHURCH
  • Fealty to LORD
  • Fealty to KING
  • Fealty to WOMEN and CHILDREN
  • ? This was the original order until William
    places himself above the lord

16
Courtly Love
  • custom among upperclassmen for people to take on
    lovers
  • Marriages were usually political and prearranged
  • compensation for lack of love in marriage
  • Ideally, platonic, but most turned sexual
  • Secret lovers, meetings
  • A means of self-improvement
  • Man is slave of the Woman ? inverse of marriage

17
The Joust Match
18
The CHURCH
  • Very wealthy and politically powerful
  • Had armies and waged wars
  • Europe is predominantly Catholic
  • Had power of excommunication
  • Kings were subservient
  • Man is sinful, needs Gods mercy
  • Devils were everywhere to test us
  • If pass heaven if fail hell

19
Henry II and Becket
20
Henry II and Becket
  • Will no one rid me of this turbulent priest?!
  • Becket murdered in his own cathedral
  • Result public outrage, setback for monarchy,
    corruption in the church
  • The frame for Chaucers The Canterbury Tales
  • Henry II is first pilgrim to Canterbury Cathedral

21
Corruption in the Church
  • With great power comes great corruption
  • Many joining clergy who had no vocation to do so
  • First sons of family received all property and
    land, others were destined for clergy

22
The Crusades
  • 1096 1270 Holy Wars
  • Purpose Christian armies from Europe try to
    regain the Holy Land from the Muslims
  • Stalemate but several benefits
  • People traveled
  • Eastern spices (preservation purposes as well)
  • Trade booms, economies prosper
  • Freeing of the serfs ran away and could trade
  • Exposure to sophisticated culture and
    civilization

23
  • Important people and monarchs

24
  • William I The Conqueror
  • William II second son
  • Henry I youngest son
  • Stephen grandson (through mom)
  • (Matilda/Maud daughter of Henry I)
  • Reigns for a couple months in 1141
  • Married to Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
  • Married to Geoffrey of Anjou (House of
    Plantagenet/Angevins)
  • Treaty of Winchester Matildas son, Henry, will
    be heir

25
The Lion in Winter
  • Story of Henry II
  • Married to Eleanor of the Aquitaine (originally
    married to King Louie VII of France)
  • Sole inheritor of this rich, French land

26
Henry II
  • Increased royal power in England
  • Royal Courts
  • Judges
  • Jury
  • Common Law

27
Eleanor
  • Of the Aquitaine

28
(No Transcript)
29
My Three Sons
30
King Richard
  • Good king but only in England for 6 months of his
    10 year reign
  • Eleanor acts as Regent John tries to steal the
    throne
  • Richard dies in battle

31
John and the Magna Carta
  • When Richard dies, Geoffrey is already dead, and
    John has Geoffreys son murdered so he can be
    king
  • John has been trying to steal the throne while
    Richard has been gone
  • John is a terrible king, tortured nobles for
  • Why did they need money?
  • ? WARS!

32
The Magna Carta
  • Barons/Nobles rise against him and force him to
    sign the Magna Carta in 1215
  • Guarantees Basic Legal Rights
  • So
  • ?
  • it is implied that here is a law which is above
    the King and which even he must not break
  • This document put England ahead of the world with
    respect to human rights

33
  • How does this go over with the monarchy, the
    people of England, the government, etc?
  • Henry III didnt help
  • Thank goodness for

34
Edward I
  • What did he do?
  • Improve admin
  • Strengthen courts
  • Limit barons power
  • Gets Wales! Gets Scotland!
  • And
  • Parliament!
  • what affects all should be approved by all

35
  • Edward II
  • Edward III the archetype of the chivalrous
    English monarch
  • Tournaments
  • Arthurs Round Table
  • Order of the Garter
  • Black Death
  • Son is the Black Prince
  • Instigated the Hundred Years War
  • Richard II
  • Henry IV
  • Henry V popularized through Shakespeare

36
Begin War of the Roses
  • Henry VI
  • Edward IV
  • Edward V murdered in the tower of London with
    his younger brother
  • Richard III very controversial reign (again, at
    Shakespeares doing)
  • Henry VII

37
  • William I The Conqueror
  • William II
  • Henry I
  • Stephen (Maud)
  • Henry II The Lion in Winter
  • Richard the Lion Hearted
  • John Robin Hood and the Magna Carta
  • Henry III only king after William I not crowned
    at Westminster Gloucester
  • Edward I - Parliament
  • Edward II
  • Edward III great triumphs of war, captured
    kings of France and Scotland
  • Richard II
  • Henry IV
  • Henry V a symbol for the Medieval era
  • Henry VI
  • Edward IV
  • Edward V murdered in the Tower of London
  • Richard III very controversial reign

38
War of the Roses
  • 30 year bitter civil war between the Houses of
    York (White Rose) and Lancaster (Red Rose) ?
    families of nobility
  • Dispute over who should take the throne (through
    mothers side)
  • Henry Tudor (Lancaster) marries Elizabeth of York
    to end the war

39
The Canterbury Tales
  • Greatest piece of lit from this period
  • Written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer
  • FRAME 3 day journey from London to Canterbury to
    the shrine of St. Thomas Becket

40
The Canterbury Tales
  • 30 total pilgrims
  • Each tells 2 stories on each way of the journey,
    making for a total of 120 stories (Chaucer only
    completed 22 and the beginnings of 2 others)
  • wide range of ranks and occupations of pilgrims -
    from a great knight to a poor plowman
  • THE PROLOGUE THE TALES

41
The Canterbury Tales
  • there is a great accord between the narrators and
    their stories, so The Tales take on many of the
    rich overtones from what we learn about the
    teller in The Prologue
  • popular types of people
  • the pilgrims facial features, clothes they wear,
    foods they like to eat, things they say, and work
    they do are all clues not only to their social
    rank but to their moral and spiritual condition
    and to the condition of Medieval society, of
    which, they collectively represent

42
The Canterbury Tales
  • Things to consider
  • Knight - highest ranking citizen of the time
  • women were confined to the duties of childbearing
    and housework
  • The Domesday Book
  • the feudal system was based upon hierarchy, with
    the king as the supreme lord of the land under
    God
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com