SCANICT WORKSHOP AND TRAINING

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SCAN-ICT WORKSHOP AND TRAINING

• ADDIS ABABA, 30 June to 2 July 2005

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ICT GENDER SENSITIVE INDICATORS

• By Robertine Tankeu
• Consultant, Gender and ICT

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INTRODUCTION

• The research  Gender and Digital Divide in
  french Africa datas and indicators  began in
  march 2004
  
• Financed by IDRC (Ottawa)
• Conducted by  Genre et TIC  a network based at
  Dakar
  
• Research in 6 countries ( Benin, Burkina Faso,
  Cameroon, Mali, Mauritanie and Senegal )
  
• Purpose to measure the gender digital divide in
  those 6 countries and come out with a synthetic
  indicator.

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METHODOLOGY

• Analysis of national context regarding ICT and
  gender sector
  
• Design of 2 types of questionnaires (individual
  and institutionnal)
  
• Definition of the 4 components (4 C) of the
  synthetic indicator (Control, Content, Capacity
  and Connectivity)
  
• Definition of 18 indexes www.famafrique.org/regen
  tic/indifract/espdoc.html

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METHODOLOGY

• 3 types of ICT selected (computer, internet and
  mobile phone)
  
• A field survey conducted in each country
• A total of 6743 people (50.1 women and 49.9
  men) and 380 institutions interviewed
  
• Calculation of the 4 indicators and the synthetic
  indicator based on 18 indexes.

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OUTCOMES

• Synthetic indicator 0.65, obviousness of divide
  Women have one third chance less than men to
  benefit ICT
  
• Gender gaps are less important in rural areas
  than urban and semi urban also in young
  population than adult and seniors and in educated
  population at secondary and high levels
• Indicator of Control 0.35 a pathetic abyss
  women and gender questions occupy only one third
  in the vast area of decision making and policy
  design

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OUTCOMES

• Marginalisation of women is very sensitive in
  political and economical areas (0.31 and 0.35)
  but light in civil society area (0.86)
  
• Only 0.02 of org. of civil society have
  programmes on gender and ICT
  
• Research shows that only half of countries
  (Burkina Faso Cameroon and Mali) have
  legislation and regulation texts which mention
  clearly gender equality in telecom policies

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OUTCOMES

• Less than half (0.48) of employees in ICT
  institutions got training in gender
  
• Indicator of Contents 0.62 when 3 men find
  contents relevant, 2 women are in the same
  position
  
• Gender gaps are low in terms of consumption of
  internet services (0.88), almost equal in terms
  of satisfaction (0.95)

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OUTCOMES

• Only 0.04 of internet information produced and
  hosted locally deal with gender questions
  
• In terms of contents, rural populations have 2
  times less chances than urban to benefit from
  advantages of internet services young and adults
  more than seniors and reduces with level of
  education
• Indicator of capacities 0.70 a net divide while
  educated young are not concerned
  
• Gender gaps in terms of using ICT are net because
  of low education of women compared to men

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OUTCOMES

• If globally, women are trained as men in ICT,
  they only get basic training
  
• Young women at secondary level are less affected
  by gender digital divide
  
• Gender gaps increase with age, but are less in
  young educated population
  
• If training in ICT benefit almost equaly (0.95)
  to men and women, very few of them have specific
  contents on gender in ICT policies (0.12)

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OUTCOMES

• Globally, gender gaps are in favor of women among
  ICT professionals in computer and telecom sectors
  (1.16)
  
• Indicator of connectivity 0.88 limited gap
• Gender gaps in terms of access and accessibility
  are very low but with a little significance in
  terms of usage
  
• Women more than men use ICT for their personnal
  and social activities

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OUTCOMES

• Gender gaps in terms of connectivity do not
  depend of residential area but are correlated
  with age and level of education
  
• Obstacles facing connectivity for women more than
  men are location, time constraint
  
• If access to computer is almost the same for men
  and women (0.95), there is a little gender gap in
  access to internet (0.81) and in terms of access
  to mobile phone, there is no gender gap (1.01).

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CONCLUSION

• Gender digital divide is a reality in these
  countries and its image of gender divide in the
  society where women occupy the second rank
  
• Study demonstrates that gender concept is not
  well popularized this situation penalizes more
  women than men and aggravates the digital
  divide
• To guarantee an inclusive society, we have to put
  emphasis on control, contents and training
  areas
  

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CONCLUSION

• In terms of gender, young urban educated are
  those who benefit more of information society
  
• Its important that other organisations use our
  work to expand our methodology working only on
  access and usage to measure gender digital
  divide, as doing most organisations, doesnt
  have sense in terms of sustainable human
  development.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION