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Operational and Regulatory Challenges ? Design Challenges

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Introduction Operational and Regulatory Challenges Design Challenges Examples: Cargo Residues Excessive Loading Rates IMSBC Code MARPOL Annex V (Garbage) and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Operational and Regulatory Challenges ? Design Challenges


1
(No Transcript)
2
Introduction
  • Operational and Regulatory Challenges ? Design
    Challenges
  • Examples
  • Cargo Residues
  • Excessive Loading Rates
  • IMSBC Code

3
MARPOL Annex V (Garbage) and Cargo Residues
  • Definitions
  • Cargo Residue is defined as garbage in guidelines
  • Cargo hold washing water not defined although
    interpreted as garbage
  • Requirements
  • Must be discharged when greater than 12 nm from
    shore
  • Cannot be discharged in a special area
  • Special Areas a Problem
  • Bulk carriers generally not design to handle
    washing water
  • Adequate port reception facilities for washing
    water

4
MARPOL Annex V (Garbage) and Cargo Residues
  • Recent special areas
  • Gulfs Area became effective in August 2008
  • Mediterranean Area became effective May 2009
  • Reception Facilities in Special Areas (Gulf and
    Med)
  • PRF must be in place before special area becomes
    effective
  • MEPC 59 Intercargo and BIMCO paper
  • Circular issued (MEPC.1/Circ. 675)
  • Next steps
  • Continuation of review of Annex V
  • Possible IMSBC Code reference to discharge
    requirements?

5
Design Issues
  • Handling hold washing water
  • Can be problematic
  • Holding tanks
  • Pumps large particles
  • Cargo properties
  • Coatings (PSPC?)
  • Ballast water management systems
  • Hold cleaning systems
  • Possible treatment systems

6
Design Issues
Images courtesy of EMS Ship Supply
7
Design Issues
Courtesy of EMS Ship Supply
8
Bulk Carrier Loading Rates
  • Terminal requirements
  • Buoyant market ? queuing ? optimising loading
  • Ponta da Madeira - Brazil
  • 16 000 t/hr
  • Minimum ballast
  • 14 hr turnaround

9
Intercargo Survey
  • Key Findings
  • 85 of masters indicated that they considered
    such a rate of loading to be beyond the safe
    operational limits of their vessel
  • Manoeuvrability
  • Hull structure
  • Two thirds of respondents stated they had
    concerns with regard to structural stresses if
    loading at such a rate.

10
Validation of Masters Views
  • Manoeuvrability Study BMT SeaTech
  • Concurred with Masters opinion
  • ABS study
  • Confirmed many risks
  • Submission of paper to IMO MSC 84 (MSC 84/INF.8)
  • Referred to DSC 13
  • Considered by Correspondence Group reviewing BLU
    Code
  • Reports to DSC 14 next week

11
Outcome of Correspondence Group
  • Reports to DSC 14 (DSC 14/7)
  • Proposes an MSC Circular providing guidance
  • Time taken for loading
  • Arrival Condition
  • Loading sequence
  • During loading
  • Consequences of failure to apply BLU Code
  • IACS Recommendation 46

12
Design Issues
  • De-ballasting capacity
  • Typically two 2000-2500 M3/hr pumps (4000-5000
    M3/hr total)
  • Should this be increased?
  • Pump size
  • Power requirements
  • Piping systems (water and air)
  • BWM treatment systems

13
Information
  • IACS UR S1A
  • Sample sequences often not realistic
  • Information provision should be reviewed

14
IMSBC Code (formally BC Code)
  • Revised and updated
  • Voluntary from Jan 2009
  • Mandatory from Jan 2011
  • New Schedules
  • DRI
  • Sulphur (formed)
  • DSC 14 (next week)
  • Coal and hot areas
  • DRI
  • Survey and certification

15
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
  • What is it?
  • Iron Ore Pellets subjected to a reducing gas in a
    reactor
  • Oxygen chemically removed
  • Fe content increased from 65 to 85
  • Pellets then formed cold or hot moulded
  • What are the dangers?
  • Process is reversible Fe re-oxidises
  • Oxidisation releases energy as heat possible
    thermal runaway
  • Hydrogen also liberated

16
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
17
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
18
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
19
IMSBC Code Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
  • DRI (A) Briquettes, hot moulded
  • Monitoring requirements
  • DRI (B) Lumps, pellets, cold-moulded briquettes
  • Moisture lt0.3
  • Hold must be inerted
  • Monitoring requirements
  • DRI (C) By products
  • Moisture lt0.3
  • Hold must be inerted
  • Monitoring requirements

20
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
21
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
22
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
23
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
24
Picture courtesy of Burgoynes
25
Design Issues
  • DRI an extreme example
  • Are bulk carrier designed to carry DRI?
  • Do we design bulk carriers around cargoes?
  • Are we ready for a mandatory IMSBC Code?

26
Conclusions
  • Operational and Regulatory Challenges ? Design
    Challenges
  • Design and regulatory ( rule) development needs
    to consider
  • Operational environment loading rates example
  • Cargo properties DRI example
  • Feedback from designers MARPOL Annex V example
  • Co-operation of all parties
  • ?
  • Ships that are safe and fit for purpose

27
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