INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES 2COMMENTS

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Species Interactions
INTERACTION SPECIES 1 SPECIES
2 COMMENTS NEUTRALISM 0 0 NEITHER POP
AFFECTS THE OTHER COMPETITION - - INHIBITION OF
EACH SPECIES BY THE OTHER AMENSALISM - 0 SPECIES
1 IS INHIBITED, SPECIES 2 IS NOT AFFECTED
PARASITISM PREDATION - SPECIES 1 BENEFITS AT
THE EXPENSE OF SPECIES 2 COMMENSALISM 0 S
PECIES 1, THE COMMENSAL, BENEFITS WHILE
SPECIES 2, THE HOST, IS NOT AFFECTED
MUTUALISM INTERACTION IS FAVORABLE TO BOTH
SPECIES
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PREDATION
Predation - consumption of live prey by an
organism, predators attach several prey
individuals over their lives.
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PREDATION
Predation - consumption of live prey by an
organism, predators attach several prey
individuals over their lives. Grazers -
attack many prey individuals but only consume
parts of the prey, and attacks are rarely
lethal. Parasites - consume only parts of prey,
rarely lethal, attack only one or a few prey over
parasites lifetime.
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Predator Effects on Prey
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http//biology.usgs.gov/pierc/PLLindseyPredator1.h
tm
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http//greateryellowstonescience.org/files/pdf/Lak
etrout_Almanac_YELL.pdf
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Predators have minor effect on prey populations
if

• Predators take prey individuals with the lowest
  fitness. (e.g. muskrat)

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Predators have minor effect on prey populations
if

• Predators take prey individuals with the lowest
  fitness. (e.g. muskrat)
• Prey may compensate for predation by increased
  survival and reproduction of survivors. (e.g.
  coyote)

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Predators have minor effect on prey populations
if

• Predators take prey individuals with the lowest
  fitness. (e.g. muskrat)
• Prey may compensate for predation by increased
  survival and reproduction of survivors. (e.g.
  coyote)
• The effects of one species of predator are
  replaceable by another predator species. (e.g.
  wolves, bear, moose)

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Prey Effects on Predators
Kills per predator
FUNCTIONAL PREDATOR RESPONSE - Changes in
predator consumption rates associated with
changes in prey density.
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Prey Effects on Predators
NUMERIC PREDATOR RESPONSE - Changes in predator
density in response to prey density.
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Predator and Prey Population Models
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Predator and Prey Population Models
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Predator and Prey Population Models
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Predator and Prey Population Models