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CVE 311 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

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CVE 311 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY ENGR S.O ODUNFA DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA Introduction Engineering geology is the application of ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CVE 311 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY


1
CVE 311ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
  • ENGR S.O ODUNFA
  • DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
  • UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, ABEOKUTA

2
Introduction
  • Engineering geology is the application of geology
    in design, construction and performance of civil
    engineering works

3
Importance of engineering geology to in Civil
engineering practices
  • To recognise potential difficult ground
    conditions prior to detailed design and
    construction
  • It helps to identify areas susceptible to failure
    due to geological hazards
  • To establish design specifications
  • To have best selection of site for engineering
    purposes
  • To have best selection of engineering materials
    for construction

4
Geological Structures
  • These are the modified structures formed from
    primary structures due to the influence of
    tectonic forces on it.
  • It gives details about how inherent properties of
    rocks get modified , making them either suitable
    or unsuitable for civil engineering works. Emples
    are Folds,Faults,Joints and
  • Uncomformities

5
  • Not all rocks are suitable for the studies
  • The suitable rocks are
  • Sand stones and shales Sedimentary rock
  • Gneissses and schist ( to some extent) -
    Metamorphic rock

6
Folds
  • They bend either upwards or down wards when a set
    of horizontal layers are subjected to compressive
    forces
  • Parts of fold
  • Limbs or flanks - side of a fold
  • Crest and trough the curved portions of fold at
    the top and bottom are called crest and trough
    respectively
  • Axial plane- Imaginary plane which divides the
    fold intotwo equal or nearly equal halves
  • Axis Trace of intersection between the
    axialplane and the crest or trough of the fold
  • Wave length The distance between the successive
    crest or trough

7
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8
Classifications and types of folds
  • Based on diifferent principles the folds are
    variously classified as
  • Symmmetrical and asymmetrical symmetrical
    character
  • Anticline and syncline upward or downward bend
  • Occurence of plunge plunging and non-plunging
  • Uniformity of bend thickness open and closed
  • Behaviour of the fold pattern with depth
    similar and parellel

9
Effects of Folds and their Engineering Importance
  • Location of dams
  • Location of reserviours
  • Location of tunnels
  • Quarrying
  • Ground water occurence
  • Roads and railways

10
Faults
  • These are fractures along relative i.e parallel
    displacement of adjacent blocks taken place.
  • Parts of fault
  • Fault plane The plane along which the adjacent
    blocks relatively displaced
  • Footwall and hanging wall
  • Heave and thtow
  • Slip

11
Classification and Types of Faults
  • Translational and rotational faults based on
    type of displacement along fault plane
  • Normal/Gravity and reverse/thrust, dextral faults
    relative movement of the footwall and hanging
    wall
  • Strike and dip faults type of slip involved
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