Penn State Rotorcraft Center of Excellence

1

Small Propulsion Systems



? A 19 lbs thrust small turbo-jet
turbo-shaft gas turbine ? Unusual engines
for UAV/MAV applications

Dr. Cengiz Camci

2

• A 19 lbs thrust small turbo-jet turbo-shaft gas
  turbine
• Unusual IC engines for UAV/MAV
  applications
• A MIGRATING COMBUSTION CHAMBER ENGINE (MCC)
• A ROTATING CYLINDER/VALVE ENGINE
• WANKEL (ROTARY) ENGINES
• Various conventional IC engines

3
UAV PROPULSION SYSTEM
High specific power Fuel efficient Light
weight Silent Smooth running Reliable Easy to
maintain Low production cost
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
A small scale turbo-jet turbo-shaft gas
turbine design course
7
Aero-thermo-mechanical Design of Small Gas
Turbine Systems for Unmanned-Aerial Vehicle
(UAV) and Environmental Applications (AERSP
597/497-K) A three credit design course
by Dr. Cengiz Camci 153-E Hammond Building 814
865 9871
8
Introduction to Small Scale Turbomachinery
systems (2) Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of
Turbomachinery for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
(UAV) (4) Turbomachinery Component
Design Centrifugal compressor design
(emphasize reduced size and use of light
materials) (6) A single stage axial flow turbine
design (6) Mechanical aspects of shaft and
rotor disk design (3) Design of a low cost and
efficient combustor (6) Inlet, diffuser and
nozzle design system (6) Gas Turbine Component
Matching (3) Gas Turbine Health Monitoring and
Control Mechanisms (3) Presentations and lab
activities (6)
9
Why is this design course offered? Small gas
turbine systems with a maximum diameter of less
than 10 inches have a tremendous application
potential in Aerospace and Mechanical engineering
systems. In Aerospace engineering,
Unmanned-Aerial Vehicles (UAV) using small gas
turbine systems are designed and operated for
reconnaissancesurveillance, battle damage
assessment, targeting and communications relay.
10
UAVs will also be highly effective in future
Environmental Engineering applications for
sensing chemical, nuclear and biological hazards.
Collecting atmospheric/meteorological information
using real time imaging and sensing devices is
also possible by using UAVs powered by small gas
turbine systems. Successful implementation of
small gas turbines in ground based applications
is also likely in the next century. Hybrid
electric car recharging its batteries using a
miniature gas turbine is an excellent
automotive concept helping to effectively reduce
environmental pollutants released to the
atmosphere.
11
SMALL SCALE TURBO JET ENGINE CURRENTLY
OPERATIONAL IN THE DEPT. THRUST19 lbs
WEIGHT3.1 lbs 1472 F exhaust 270 cc/min (9
oz.)
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
WILLIAMS INTERNATIONAL WR2 550 NEWTONS THRUST
(120 LBS) 60,000 RPM 1 Kg/s PR4.1
DIAM274 MM 13 Kg mass
Used in CANADAIR C189 DRONE
19
1000 LBS THRUST
900 lbs thrust
20
Unusual engines for UAV/MAV applications
ERICKSON MCC ENGINE (MIGRATING COMBUSTION
CHAMBER)
ROTARY CYLINDER VALVE ENGINE
21
DUAL MIGRATING COMBUSTION CHAMBERS TWO STROKE
CYCLE 19.7 cm3 (1.2 cu.in) 2.2 HP _at_ 7000
rpm Compression 7.39 Weight 38.7 oz. 1
oz./min
ERICKSON MCC ENGINE (MIGRATING COMBUSTION CHAMBER)
22
Instant starting ability
23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
ROTARY CYLINDER VALVE ENGINE
SINGLE CYLINDER 4-STROKE CYCLE 20.02 cm3 (1.2
cu.in.) weight 37.1 oz. Compression 10.5 1.8
HP _at_ 5,800 rpm .85 oz/min
30
ROTARY CYLINDER VALVE ENGINE
31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33
500 HP CLASS EXISTING TURBO-SHAFT ENGINES

34
PWC PT6 500 HP
35
GARRETT TPE 331 500 HP
36
LYCOMING T-53 500 HP
37
(No Transcript)
38
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GARTH
HOBSONS (PSU 1988) PROPULSION LAB
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
(No Transcript)
42
(No Transcript)
43

Small Propulsion Systems



? A 19 lbs thrust small turbo-jet
turbo-shaft gas turbine ? Unusual engines
for UAV/MAV applications

Dr. Cengiz Camci

44
(No Transcript)