SMAW Pipe Welding Techniques - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SMAW Pipe Welding Techniques

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Split bead or weave technique may be used because gravity will not act to pull the puddle to one side in this position Emphasize the REASONS for choosing one ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: SMAW Pipe Welding Techniques


1
SMAWPipe WeldingTechniques
2
Positions
  • 1G
  • 2G
  • 5G
  • 6G
  • 1F
  • 2F
  • 2FR
  • 4F
  • 5F

3
1G Position
Pipe rotated, Electrode is always at the
top Either a split bead or weave technique may be
used
4
2G Position
Pipe Axis Vertical, Weld is Horizontal, Pipe is
considered in a fixed position. Always use a
split bead technique Always work from the bottom
up.
5
5G Position
Axis of the Pipe is Horizontal, The weld in
vertical. Progression may be up or down. A weave
bead is best used.
6
6G Position
Pipe axis is fixed in position at a 45 degree
incline. Thhe position includes flat, horizontal,
vertical, and overhead welds. A split bead
tecvhnique is best used.
7
1F Position
Pipe is rotated. The pipe axis is at a 45 degree
incline. Welding is to occur at the top of the
pipe. Split bead or weave technique may be used.
8
2F Position
Fixed Position Best to use a split bead technique
9
2FR Position
A split bead technique is best used.
Rotated
10
4F Position
A split bead technique is best used
11
5F Position
Not Rotated. Progression may be up or down.
Split beads or weaves can be used on 5F-up
welds, split beads are best used on 5F-down welds.
12
Fill Pass
Cover Pass
Root Pass
Hot Pass
13
Always work from the bottom up when using the
split bead technique Always be careful not to
create a tight area where slag may get trapped
under the next weld. It is better to weave
slightly than to leave a tight area. Plan your
sequence of beads!
14
Always work toward the smaller side of the
fillet. (It will be easier to get to) Always be
careful not to create a tight area where slag may
get trapped under the next weld. It is better to
weave slightly than to leave a tight area. Plan
your sequence of beads!
15
Techniques
  • Stringer (push, drag, or whip), or Weave

16
Progression (vertical)
  • Up
  • deeper penetration
  • Higher deposit rate (lb/hr)
  • Use near 90 degree travel angle or slightly up
  • Down
  • faster (point to point)
  • less penetration for thin metal
  • less dilution
  • Use steep drag angle

17
Travel Speed
  • Stay on the leading edge of the puddle

18
Dimensions
  • Reinforcement Height
  • ASME flush - 1/16
  • AWS flush 1/8
  • Reinforcement Width
  • 1/16 past bevel edge
  • Smooth transition at weld toe (45o max)

19
Keyholeing
20
Backing
  • Metallic
  • backing ring
  • consumable inserts

21
Welding grooves with Inserts
  • Keep the root opening wide
  • Make the root pass in one bead
  • Avoid tight areas at the weld toes

22
Welding a PJP groove
  • Works great for limiting restrictions inside
    pipes
  • make up for loss of wall on reinforcement

23
Root Openings
  • Small will allow more amperage which will in turn
    make welding smoother and easier, as well as
    easier arc starts.
  • Larger root openings will allow more penetration.

24
Root Faces
  • Larger root faces will allow more amperage which
    will in turn make welding smoother and easier, as
    well as easier arc starts.
  • Smaller root faces will allow more penetration.

25
Tacking, Tack Grinding
  • 3/4 long
  • feather both ends
  • clean and flatten tops
  • start on top, burn through before end
  • run completely onto tack before stopping
  • interpass grind lumps off before next pass
  • stagger all starts and stops betoeen passes
  • stagger all starts and stops between beads in a
    single pass
  • Dont overgrind tacks.

26
Butt Joint Preperation
(With Backing)
Root faces - 0 450 included angle Remove all mill
scales and rust Tacking - not in groove Tack away
from coupon area. Flush on backing
27
Butt Joint Preperation
(Joints without backing)
600 included angle Root faces Tacking Feather
Tacks
28
Open Root Technique
  • Use root opening to allow increase in amperage
    for smoother welding
  • Whip backwards for penetration
  • Whip forwards to reduce penetration
  • Do Not Weave a root pass.
  • Maintain a short arc gap
  • Stay slightly in front of the puddle at all
    times. Use the keyholing technique.

29
Restarts
  • Stagger all starts and stops or use runon, runoff
    tabs
  • Feather all restarts start on top, or start in
    front and remelt
  • Dont restart in a coupon area.
  • Also stagger all beads on a single pass.
  • Use a longer arc length when starting a weld.

Compare interpass grinding techniques vs. no
interpass grinding.
30
Craters
  • Fill craters by welding into the previous weld
    start
  • Use a short arc length to control heat.

31
Wagon Tracks
32
Watch these areas. Be sure to keep it melted into
these spots.
33
Electrode Angles
  • Up Progression - always point toward center of
    Pipe
  • Down Progression - use a steep drag angle

34
Arc Length
  • Longer arc lengths increased puddle heat,
    flatter welds, deeper penetration
  • Shorter arc lengths less puddle heat, flatter
    welds, less penetration
  • Use arc length to control puddle size,
    penetration, and burn through.
  • Normal arc length is 1/16 - 1/8
  • Use a slightly longer arc length during a start
    or restart.

35
Helpful Tips
  • Clean your Welding Hood lens
  • Drape the cable over your shoulder or knee
  • Get Comfortable
  • Watch the puddle, not the arc
  • Concentrate on steady travel speed and arc length
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