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Infection Control

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Infection Control Jodie Burr Infection Control Coordinator Women s and Children s Hospital Primary Role of Infection Control Prevent nosocomial infections Reduce ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Infection Control


1
Infection Control
  • Jodie Burr
  • Infection Control Coordinator
  • Womens and Childrens Hospital

2
Infection Control Unit
  • 24 Hour Infection Control Service
  • During office hours page 18041
  • After hours ring 9 for Infectious Disease
    Consultant on call
  • Infection Control Team
  • meet weekly, concerns, enquiry's, issues can be
    discussed

3
Primary Role of Infection Control
  • Prevent nosocomial infections
  • Reduce mortality, morbidity, and cost
  • Educate and advise
  • staff
  • patients
  • their families
  • the community
  • Surveillance of nosocomial infections
  • Policy development, implementation and assessment

4
IC Issues specific to Paediatrics
  • Communicable diseases affect a higher of
    paediatric patients than adults
  • non-immune - acquire - spread
  • paediatric personnel are at a greater risk for
    exposure to communicable diseases - immune status
  • May lack the mental / physical ability to adhere
    to IC principles
  • lack of hygiene
  • unable to understand / comply with IC principles

5
IC Issues specific to Paediatrics
  • More likely to have contact with contaminated
    environmental surfaces and objects
  • Parents and siblings
  • may have the same infectious agent
  • involved in patient care - education about
    transmission and IC principles

6
Immunization
  • It is important to know your health and
    immunization history
  • chicken pox
  • measles
  • flu vaccination
  • pertussis
  • For vaccinations contact ICGP or Risk Management

7
IC Link Nurses
  • Educate ward/unit staff
  • Ensure compliance with infection control
    guidelines
  • Assist with outbreaks or disease exposures
  • Develop patient staff information brochures
  • Promote infection control initiatives

8
Standard Additional Precautions
  • Standard Precautions
  • all patients
  • all times
  • Additional Precautions
  • some patients
  • some times

9
Standard Precautions
  • Work practices necessary to fulfil basic
    infection control requirements
  • For all patients regardless of diagnosis or
    presumed infectious status

10
Standard Precautions
  • Apply to
  • Blood
  • All body fluids - excretion and secretions
    (including sweat)
  • Non-intact skin
  • Mucus membranes
  • Regardless of whether there is visible blood or
    body fluids

11
Hand Hygiene
  • The single most effective method in the
    prevention of disease transmission
  • 80 hospital acquired infections are thought to
    be transmitted by hands
  • Healthcare workers think they wash their hands
    more than what they do

12
Hand Hygiene
  • Soap and Water
  • mechanical removal of most transient flora and
    soil
  • minimal microbial kill
  • no sustained activity
  • 15 seconds

13
Hand Hygiene
  • Antimicrobial Soaps
  • removes soil, removes transient and reduces
    resident flora
  • may have sustained activity
  • 15 seconds (antiseptic handwash)
  • 60 seconds (clinical handwash)
  • 2 minutes (surgical scrub)

14
Hand Hygiene
  • Alcohol Handrubs / Gels
  • very rapid kill
  • destroys transient and reduces resident flora
  • no residual activity (except with antiseptic)
  • will not remove or denature soiling
  • 15 seconds

15
Areas most frequently missed
16
Personal Protective Equipment
  • Eye and/or facial protection (goggles, face
    shields)
  • Gloves
  • Gowns
  • Masks
  • Assess the likely hood of contamination and
    prepare accordingly

17
Equipment Reprocessing
  • If it comes into contact with
  • intact skin clean
  • mucous membranes high level disinfection
  • sterile site sterilise
  • All items must be cleaned first
  • Single-use items must not be reused

18
Environmental Controls
  • Cleaning
  • detergent and water is adequate
  • ensure patient care areas are cleaned regularly
  • minimize clutter
  • Linen and Laundry
  • no need to mark infectious
  • if the skip is wet then place in a plastic bag

19
Waste
  • General Waste (Green Bin)
  • dressings, bandages, nappies, sanitary pads,
    flowers, kitchen waste, plastic, paper, empty
    containers of blood, body fluid, IV lines,
    urinary catheters
  • Medical Waste (Yellow Bin)
  • ALL sharps, bags or tubing of blood, human
    tissue, lab specimens and cultures, cytoxic waste
    (sealed in purple cytoxic container or bag first)

20
Blood and Body Spills
  • Small spills
  • wipe up with paper towel
  • detergent and water
  • Large spills (easy to clean surface)
  • wipe up with paper towel
  • detergent and water
  • Large spills (difficult to clean surfaces)
  • wipe up with paper towel
  • detergent and water
  • wipe over with Milton(R)

21
Assessment of Risk Factors
  • Your knowledge or experience with the situation
    or procedure
  • The likely hood of exposure to blood or body
    fluids at the time
  • The patients ability to cooperate through out the
    procedure

22
Additional Precautions
  • Are applied in addition to Standard Precautions
  • Apply with
  • highly transmissible organisms
  • epidemiologically significant organisms

23
Additional Precautions
  • May include
  • Single room accommodation (ensuite for some)
  • Special ventilation (negative, positive pressure)
  • Special room cleaning
  • Dedicated patient equipment
  • Rostering of immune staff
  • Extended sterilization (or use of disposable
    equipment)
  • Cohorting may be considered

24
Bed Management
  • CATEGORY AVery High Risk of Cross Infection or
    Adverse OutcomeMandatory Negative pressure
    single room
  • CATEGORY B High Level of Cross
    InfectionMandatory Single room or cohort same
    contagious agent
  • CATEGORY C Moderate Risk of Cross
    InfectionSingle Room in Selected Circumstances
  • CATEGORY DHigh Risk to the Newborn Rooming in
    not allowed
  • CATEGORY ELow risk of Cross Infection No
    segregation required

25
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26
Respiratory Syncitial Virus
  • Highly contagious and nosocomial infection common
  • Causes upper and lower respiratory infection
  • Usually occurs during winter
  • No vaccine at present
  • Can be reinfected during the same season
  • Transmitted by contact or droplet
  • Can survive for several hours in the environment

27
Rotavirus
  • Highly contagious and nosocomial infection is
    common
  • Usually a winter disease but pattern changing
  • Onset is sudden and lasts for 4 - 6 days
  • Mainly infants and children up to 3 years
    affected
  • Transmitted usually through contact
  • Can survive in environment for several hours

28
Gastrogard-RTM
  • Hospital Acquired Rotavirus diarrhoea prevention
    program
  • Eligible if
  • aged between 0 days and 48 months
  • regardless of whether they already have or
    develop gastroenteritis
  • Ineligible if
  • cows milk protein intolerant (not lactose
    intolerant)
  • if on a protein restricted diet
  • fasting
  • breast fed

29
Varicella Zoster VirusChicken Pox
  • Highly contagious
  • Most cases in children, over 90 of adult
    population is immune
  • Transmitted by droplet and contact
  • Infectious 2 days prior and 4 - 6 days after rash
  • Now a notifiable disease
  • Vaccination now available

30
Varicella Zoster VirusChicken Pox
31
BUG WATCH
Infection Control Awareness Program for
Visitors
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