CL215415 OPERATIONS CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONSSTRAGEGY AND TACTICAL CONCIDERATIONS A BASIC HOW TO - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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CL215415 OPERATIONS CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONSSTRAGEGY AND TACTICAL CONCIDERATIONS A BASIC HOW TO

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... water from Lake MacDonald to fight the Robert Fire, rear, Thursday, July 31, ... 215 scooper aircraft drops down to retrieve water from Lake MacDonald to fight ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CL215415 OPERATIONS CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONSSTRAGEGY AND TACTICAL CONCIDERATIONS A BASIC HOW TO


1
CL-215/415 OPERATIONSCAPABILITIES AND
LIMITATIONS-STRAGEGY AND TACTICAL
CONCIDERATIONSA BASIC HOW TO GUIDE FOR AERIAL
SUPERVISORS WORKING WITH SCOOPING AIRCRAFT
2
WHAT THIS PRESENTATION IS ALL ABOUT
  • A SELF STUDY AND GUIDE FOR THE USE OF CL SCOOPING
    AIRCRAFT ON WILDLAND FIRES
  • HELP DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN SUPERVISION
    RESOURSES AND SCOOPING CREWS

3
BRIEF HISTORY
  • THE CL 215 WAS FIRST MANUFACTURED BY CANADAIR.
    NOW OWNED BY BOMBARDIER
  • STARTED PRODUCTION IN 1969
  • USE MAINLY IN CANADA, WORLDWIDE, LIMITED USE IN
    US
  • USE IN MINNESOTA, NORTH CAROLINA AND LOS ANGELES
    COUNTY CALIFORNIA

4
BRIEF HISTORY
  • IN THE LAST 4 TO 5 YEARS MORE USE IN US. WESTERN
    STATES LIKE MONTANA AND WASHINGTON
  • 2004 HEAVY USE IN AK
  • 2005 CONTRACT FOR 2 SCOOPERS AND ONE CWN
    CONTRACT

5
Characteristics Comparisons215/415
CL 215
CL 415
6
CL-2151400 gals water
R-2000 Radial engines
Two-tank, two-door 1400 gal water tank system
with foam concentrate for up to 19 drops.
7
CL-4151600 gals water
PW Canada PW123AF turboprop engines .
Air-conditioned cockpit with electronic displays.
Powered flight controls.
Four-tank, four-door 1600 gal water tank system
with foam concentrate for up to 19 drops.
8
CL-215
Operational endurance 3.5 hours Cruise speed
140 knots Drop speed 100 knots Acquisition Cost
3mil US
9
CL-215
Water Tank System
Water header tanks
Overflow vent
Ground-fill adapter (both sides)
Water drop door 63 inches by 32 inches (1.6 m by
0.81 m)
VIEW LOOKING BACK
10
CL-415
Operational endurance 4 hours Cruise speed
170 knots Drop speed 105-110 knots Acquisition
Cost 25mil US
11
4 Door Drop System
CL-415
Removable water header tanks
Overflow vent
Ground-fill adapter (both sides) Fills at 1893
litres/min (500 gal/min)
Integral hull water tanks
Water drop door 160 cm by 28 cm (63 inches by 11
inches)
VIEW LOOKING BACK
12
SCOOPER PROBE
13
SCOOPER PROBE
TWO PROBES ONE ON EACH SIDE OF THE AIRCRAFT
KEEL Approx. 5 x 8 in size
14
Rate of Climb Comparison
CL-215/415
15
CL-215/415Speed Comparison
CL-215
CL-415
Maximum Cruise
164 knots
187 knots
Normal Cruise
150 knots
170 knots
Long Range Cruise
138 knots
150 knots
Stall 37,000 lb.
69 knots
69 knots
- flap 25 degrees
Stall after skimming
76 knots
80 knots
- flap 25 degrees
16
CL-215/415Drop Comparison
CL-415
Salvo
CL-215
Trail
CL-415
CL-215
17
CL 215 / 415
Any Questions On Characteristics/Capabilities/ Lim
itations Comparisons?
18
Scooping Requirements Circuits for the CL
215/415
19
CL-215 Scooping Data Requirements
20

CL-415 Scooping Data Requirements
21
Approach
  • Water area has been cleared and checked
  • Probes are down when landing
  • Can touch down with probes up, then extend, but
    not necessary

22
Beginning to Load
  • Probes down
  • Full power is applied and aircraft is on step
    filling tanks
  • Co-pilot is monitoring scooped water level and
    retracts probes when full

23
Nearing Full
  • Still at full power
  • When water level is met, probes are raised
  • Only when probes are lifted can aircraft lift-off
    water (aircraft still at
  • full power)

24
Full And Climbing Out To Fire Area
ONCE FULL, OVER-FLOW COMES OUT SIDES JUST ABOVE
RETRACTED LANDING GEAR, THE PROBES ARE UP AND
CLIMB TO FIRE BEGINS. ATGS, ATS, LP ATP SHOULD
NOT DISTURB CREW DURING SCOOPING OPERATIONS.
25
EMERGENCY LANDING WITH FULL LOAD
  • CAN LAND WITH LOAD ON THE WATER.
  • WILL OPEN TANK DOORS IN WATER TO EXSPELL HALF OF
    LOAD.

26
CL 215/415 FLIGHT CIRCUITSScooping and Dropping
27
Water Scooper Circuit
  • Definition
  • The flight path from the water pick-up to the
    target and back to the water pick-up.

ATS/ATGS in right hand orbit above scoopers
28
Parts of the Circuit
Water Pick-Up Leg
Base Leg for Pick-Up
Base Leg for Drop
Drop Leg
29
Factors Affecting Circuit Size
  • Aircraft maneuverability
  • Aircraft rate of climb
  • Aircraft stall speed
  • Crosswind capability
  • Water pick-up time and distance
  • Other tactical aircraft within circuit legs
    helicopters, airtankers
  • Terrain

30
Types of Circuits
  • Single Circuits
  • Multiple Circuits

31
Single Circuits
A single circuit is a common circuit that is
flown by all air tankers employed in a particular
action.
  • Typical
  • U-Shaped
  • Figure Eight

32
Single Circuits
Typical
Water pick-up into the wind.
Wind direction
Drop downwind.
33
Single Circuits
U-Shaped
Wind direction
Both water pick-up and drop made into the wind.
34
Single Circuits
Figure Eight
35
Multiple Circuits
  • Established when
  • 1) More than one pick-up lake is being used due
    to tankers with different performance
    capabilities.
  • 2) Dropping on different target areas on the same
    fire.
  • Requires
  • Good visibility.
  • Good situational awareness.

36
Multiple Circuits
  • Intersecting
  • Parallel
  • Concentric

37
Multiple Circuits
Intersecting
Wind direction
38
Multiple Circuits
Parallel - Same Target
39
Multiple Circuits
Parallel - Different Targets
Wind direction
40
Multiple Circuits
Concentric
Wind direction
41
AIR TANKER CIRCUITS
Questions?
42
Tank and Gate System - Scoopers
Report any malfunction to the tanker crew
immediately!
  • Signs of malfunction
  • Water streaming from doors (leaking seal).
  • Reduced or dispersed drop cloud (doors not
    opening properly).
  • Doors not closing after drop (serious hazard to
    crew).

43
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • JUST BECAUSE WE USED A LAKE ONE DAY, DOESNT MEAN
    IT CAN BE USED ANOTHER. WINDS, WATER CONDITIONS
    CAN CHANGE HOURLY AND AFFECT SCOOPING. MANY WATER
    SOURCES ARE SEASONAL AS WELL.

44
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • WATER SOURCES NEED TO BE 10 FEET DEEP. CL
    AIRCRAFT DRAW APPROX. 3-4 FEET. LESS IN A SCOOP.
    PILOTS ALWAYS KEEP IN MIND THAT IF THEY HAVE TO
    LAND ON THE LAKE, DO THEY HAVE ENOUGH DEPTH TO
    FLOAT AND OPEN THEIR TANK DOORS IF NEEDED.

45
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • CLEAR WATER IS HARD TO JUDGE THE DEPTH. MUDDY OR
    DARK WATER WILL MOST LIKELY STAY AWAY FROM.
    LOCAL INFO ON WATER SOURCE IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT
  • WHILE ENROUTE TO FIRE AND OVER FIRE, SCOUT FOR
    OTHER WATER SITES TO SCOOP FROM
  • SCOOPERS CAN PICK UP WATER ON THE WAY TO THE FIRE

46
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • IF POSSIBLE, FLY BEHIND AND HIGH TO THE CL
    AIRCRAFT DURING FIRST SCOOP. LOOK FOR MUCK AND
    LAKE BOTTOM DEBRIS THAT COULD BE BROUGHT UP IF
    WATER DEPTH IS TO LOW. WORK THIS OUT WITH THE
    ARRIVING SCOOPER.

47
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • NOT ONLY DISTANCE TO THE FIRE IS A CONCIDERATION,
    BUT TIME AS WELL
  • CONSIDER CLIMB TO FIRE IN MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN
  • ASSURTAIN FROM CREW AS TO EFFECTIVENESS AND
    EFFICENCNY OF SCOOPING OPERATIONS

48
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • DONT BRING SCOOPERS IN HIGH. WORK SCOOPERS LOW
    LIKE HELICOPTERS. WORK OUT AIRSPACE WITH
    HELICOPTERS. SCOOPERS NEED TO WORK LOW BECAUSE OF
    SCOOPING CIRCUITS.

49
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • SCOOPERS ARE NOT LINE BUILDERS WITH WATER AND/OR
    FOAM. USE IN DIRECT ATTACK
  • THEY CAN HOLD RETARDANT IN THEIR TANKS, BUT
    CANNOT BE USED IN THE US AND AK BECAUSE OF IATB
    CRITERIA AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS.

50
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • EXTREMELY GOOD IA TOOL. WORKS BEST IN TANDOM WITH
    OTHER SCOOPERS.
  • LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER IN A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME

51
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • DESPITE CONVENTIONAL THOUGHT, THE SCOOPER IS WELL
    SUITED FOR HITTING THE HEAD OF THE FIRE. DISCUSS
    THIS TACTIC WITH THE SCOOPER CREW
  • FOR PLANNING PURPOSES, THINK ABOUT STAGGERING
    SCOOPERS ON FUEL FOR CONTINOUS OPERATION

52
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • 215 VS 415
  • 415 HAULS 200 GALS MORE THAN 215
  • 415 HAS A 40 KT HIGHER DASH SPEED HIGH AFTER
    SCOOP THAN THE 215
  • CLIMB 215 300fpm, 415 1000fpm HOT DAY
  • 415 HAS SHORTER CIRCUIT DISTANCE AND WILL LAP
    215s

53
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND
  • TREAT SCOOPERS ALMOST THE SAME AS HELICOPTERS
  • GIVE THEM AN ASSIGNMENT, TURN THEM LOOSE AND
    MONITOR
  • TACTICS SHOULD ALSO BE SIMILAR
  • USE TO SUPPORT GROUND TROOPS AND OTHER RETARDANT
    DROPS MADE

54
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND Tactical Use of Foam
Specific Guidelines
  • Apply directly on flame front for rapid
    knockdown.
  • Heavy foam blanket ahead of fire to protect
    value.
  • Protecting structures and equipment.
  • Reinforce fireline or natural barrier.

55
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND Tactical Use of Foam
  • Foam consistency
  • Wet - watery fast drain times (0.3)
  • Dripping - watery shaving cream will run on
    vertical surfaces (0.5)
  • Dry - mostly air fluffy does not immediately
    run on vertical surfaces (0.8-1.0)

56
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND Foam Quality
  • Is requested foam mix ratio appropriate?
  • Is foam penetrating canopy?
  • Is foam having desired effect on the fire?

57
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MIND Turn Around Time
  • If turn around time is excessive, consider
    another pick-up lake or an additional tanker.
  • If lapping of air tankers a problem, discuss
    with crews. 215s will be lapped in circuits with
    415s.
  • If fire may be lost due to long turn around time,
    request additional tankers immediately!

58
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MINDInfra-Red IR
  • ALL CL AIRCRAFT OWNED AND OPERATED BY AEROFLITE
    HAVE IR INSTALLED USED TO LOCATE FIRE, GAPS AND
    HARD TO SEE DROP AREAS.

59
FACTORS TO KEEP IN MINDInfra-Red IR
60
CL 415 VIDEOclick on black screen to play video
61
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT
  • MATT ZIOMEK OR JOHN BELL OF AEROFLITE KINGMAN,
    AZ
  • 928-757-1002
  • MIKE LYNN BLM-NAO 661-917-5124

62
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