Injections: How to give them and where to give them Chri - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Injections: How to give them and where to give them Chri

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Injections: How to give them and where to give them Chris Ellason Two Most Common Types of Injections Subcutaneous (SC) Intramuscular (IM) Intravenous Subcutaneous ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Injections: How to give them and where to give them Chri


1
InjectionsHow to give them and where to give
them
  • Chris Ellason

2
Two Most Common Types of Injections
  • Subcutaneous (SC)
  • Intramuscular (IM)
  • Intravenous

3
Subcutaneous Injections
  • Beneath the skin, on top of the muscle layer

4
SC Injection Information
  • Ideal site for cattle and horses is side of the
    neck. With needles being 16-18 ga and 1-1½
  • Swine, sheep and goats-flank and abdomen are
    common injection sites. Needles used should be
    16-20 ga and ¾-1

5
How to administer SC
  • Lift the skin away from the underlying tissue
  • Insert the needle into the raised skin

6
How to administer SC cont.
  • Lightly pull out on the plunger, observe for
    blood. If blood appears withdraw the syringe
    slightly before making the injection
  • Administer the injection
  • Massage the area to aid in dispersing the drug

7
SC Injection Facts
  • Active agent is absorbed more slowly when
    administered SC than IV
  • Drugs used in SC injections are available over a
    longer period of time

8
Intramuscular Injections
  • Made directly into a major muscle mass with 18-20
    ga needle that is 1-1½ long

9
Equine Injection Sites
10
Goat Injection Site
11
Reasons for Injection Sites
  • Giving injections in other areas will result in
    damage to valuable cuts of meat
  • Any damaged piece of meat must be cut out and
    discarded before sale or consumption

12
Facts about IM Injections
  • Absorption is usually rapid due to the blood
    supply to muscle tissue
  • Do not administer more than 10-15cc per injection
    site
  • Too much drug in one area may result in muscle
    necrosis

13
Deworming
  • Trying to prevent internal parasites
  • Different dewormers
  • Ivomec
  • Cydectin
  • Safeguard
  • How do we check for worms

14
Preventative Injections
  • 7 way vaccine
  • Preventative vaccine for clostridiums
  • Clostridium is a spore that comes from the ground
  • Lepto (Pomona main strain for cattle)
  • Ingested organism
  • Spread primarily in the urine
  • Can cause abortions

15
Contagious Diseases
  • IBR Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
  • PI3 Parainfluenza
  • BVD Bovine Virus Diarreha
  • BRSV Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus
  • All are respiratory problems

16
IBR
  • Bovine Herpes Virus 1
  • Infects and damages the lining cells of the
    respiratory tract
  • Causes flagella in trachea to lay over and not
    able to stop bacteria from entering the lungs
  • Nasal and ocular discharge
  • Can cause abortions

17
PI3 and BRSV
  • Exposure common when cattle are mixed
  • Infection causes damage to the surface cells of
    the lungs
  • PI3 is easily resolved with a vaccine
  • BRSV can be a real problem, especially if there
    is concurrent BVD in herd

18
BVD
  • RNA virus
  • Associated with multiple viral infections of the
    respiratory tract of calves

19
Other problems
  • Bangs (Brucellosis)
  • Transferred from cows to heifer calves
  • Get through the reproductive tract or from milk
  • Can cause abortions in cattle
  • Foot Rot Seen more in dry weather when foot is
    dry
  • Catch it early give sulphur pills and LA 200
  • Also doctor with kopertox

20
Other problems
  • Pinkeye
  • Has to be an abrasion on the eye for the organism
    to do harm
  • 1 cause for pinkeye is cattle eating hay from a
    round bale
  • Put bales on their ends to help prevent

21
Conclusion
  • Read the label
  • Know your injection site
  • Know the proper way of giving the injection
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