Jeopardy Pathology

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Jeopardy Pathology
SkinPathology1
SkinPathology2
SkinPathology3
UrinaryPathology
RespiratoryPathology
EndocrinePathology
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most common during adolescence, affecting more
than 85 of teenagers, and frequently continues
into adulthood. For most people it diminishes
over time and tends to disappearor at the very
least decreaseafter one reaches his or her early
twenties.
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Acne
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a skin disease caused by the infection of hair
follicles, thus resulting in the localized
accumulation of pus and dead tissue.
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Boil or furuncle
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form of dermatitis, or inflammation of the upper
layers of the skin.
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Eczema
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a disorder which affects the skin and joints. It
commonly causes red scaly patches to appear on
the skin. The scaly patches caused by psoriasis,
called psoriatic plaques, are areas of
inflammation and excessive skin production.
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Psoriasis
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a viral disease characterized by a painful skin
rash with blisters in a limited area on one side
of the body, often in a stripe. The initial
infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV)
causes the acute (short-lived) illness
chickenpox, and generally occurs in children and
young people.
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Herpes zoster (commonly known as shingles )
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an infection of the deep subcutaneous tissue of
the skin. __________ can be caused by normal skin
flora or by exogenous bacteria, and often occurs
where the skin has previously been broken cracks
in the skin, cuts, blisters, burns, insect bites,
surgical wounds, or sites of intravenous catheter
insertion.
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Cellulitis
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a skin condition, commonly caused by an allergic
reaction, that is characterized by raised red
skin wheals (welts).
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Urticaria (or hives)
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a superficial bacterial skin infection most
common among children 2 to 6 years old. People
who play close contact sports such as rugby,
American football and wrestling are also
susceptible, regardless of age.
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Impetigo
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most common tick-borne disease in the Northern
Hemisphere. Borrelia is transmitted to humans by
the bite of infected hard ticks belonging to
several species of the genus Ixodes. Early
manifestations of infection may include fever,
headache, fatigue, depression, and a
characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans.
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Lyme disease
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a type of scar which results in an overgrowth of
tissue at the site of a healed skin injury.
____________ are firm, rubbery lesions or shiny,
fibrous nodules, and can vary from pink to
flesh-colored or red to dark brown in color.
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Keloids
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small benign tumor that forms primarily in areas
where the skin forms creases, such as the neck,
armpits and groin. They may also occur on the
face, usually on the eyelids. Though larger have
been seen, they usually range in size from grain
of rice to that of a golf ball.
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Skin tag
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an infection of the skin, characterized by a
reddish to brownish raised or bumpy patch of skin
that may be lighter in the center, giving the
appearance of a ring.
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Ringworm
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a chronic disease characterized by excessive
deposits of collagen in the skin or other organs.
The localized type of the disease, while
disabling, tends not to be fatal.
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Scleroderma
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generally a small, rough tumor, typically on
hands and feet, that can resemble a cauliflower
or a solid blister. They are common, and are
caused by a viral infection,
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Warts
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a common but often misunderstood condition that
is estimated to affect over 45 million people
worldwide. It affects white-skinned people of
mostly north-western European descent, and has
been nicknamed the 'curse of the Celts' by some
in Britain and Ireland. It begins as erythema
(flushing and redness) on the central face and
across the cheeks, nose, or forehead but can also
less commonly affect the neck and chest.
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Rosacea
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a parasitic fungal infection of the epidermis of
the human foot.
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Athlete's foot (Tinea Pedis)
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are lesions caused by many factors such as
unrelieved pressure friction humidity shearing
forces temperature age continence and
medication to any part of the body, especially
portions over bony or cartilaginous areas such as
sacrum, elbows, knees, ankles etc.
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Bedsores( pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers)
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a burn to living tissue such as skin produced by
overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation,
commonly from the sun's rays. Exposure of the
skin to lesser amounts of UV will often produce a
suntan.
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Sun Burn
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infection of a part of or throughout the urinary
tract, usually caused by bacteria.
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Urinary tract infection (UTI)
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result from the buildup of crystallized salts and
minerals such as calcium in the urinary tract.
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Kidney stones(nephrolithiasis)
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any inflammation of the kidney. It can be caused
by infection, an autoimmune disease (such as
lupus), or it may be idiopathic (which means the
exact cause may not be known or understood).
___________ is generally detected by high levels
of protein and blood in the urine.
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Nephritis
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condition in which urine abnormally flows
backward (or refluxes) from the bladder into the
ureters. It may even reach the kidneys, where
infection and scarring can occur over time.
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Vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)
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an inflammation of the glomeruli, the parts of
the filtering units (nephrons) of the kidney that
contain a network of capillaries (tiny blood
vessels).
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Glomerulonephritis
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where the two kidneys are fused (connected) into
one arched kidney that usually functions
normally, but is more prone to develop problems
later in life. This condition is found in 1 out
of every 500 births.
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Horseshoe Kidney
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a symptom of an illness, not an illness itself.
There are many different types of _________ and
many different causes, ranging from
not-so-serious to life threatening. Some of the
more common causes affecting kids and teens are
the common cold, asthma, sinusitis, seasonal
allergies, and pneumonia.
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Cough
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an inherited disease affecting the lungs.
____________ causes mucus in the body to be
abnormally thick and sticky. The mucus can clog
the airways in the lungs and make a person more
likely to get bacterial infections.
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Cystic fibrosis(CF)
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an inflammation of the lungs, which usually
occurs because of infection with a bacteria or
virus. ___________ causes fever, inflammation of
lung tissue, and makes breathing difficult
because the lungs have to work harder to transfer
oxygen into the bloodstream and remove carbon
dioxide from the blood.
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Pneumonia
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are caused by over 200 different viruses that
cause inflammation in the upper respiratory
tract. The __________ is the most common
respiratory infection. Symptoms may include a
mild fever, cough, headache, runny nose,
sneezing, and sore throat.
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Common Cold
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Over 20 million people have _________ in the
United States, and it's the number-one reason
that kids and teens chronically miss school.
_________ is a long-term, inflammatory lung
disease that causes airways to tighten and narrow
when a person with the condition comes into
contact with irritants such as cigarette smoke,
dust, or pet dander.
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Asthma
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the membranes lining the larger bronchial tubes
become inflamed and an excessive amount of mucus
is produced. The person with ___________ develops
a bad cough to get rid of the mucus.
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Bronchitis
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a condition in which the levels of thyroid
hormones in the blood are very high. In kids and
teens, the condition is usually caused by Graves'
disease, an immune system problem that causes the
thyroid gland to become very active.
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Hyperthyroidism
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If the pituitary glands release hormones that
stimulate the gonads to produce sex hormones too
early, some kids may begin to go through puberty
at a very young age.
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Precocious puberty
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Diabetes that occurs during pregnancy.
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Gestational Diabetes
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a condition in which the levels of thyroid
hormones in the blood are very low. Thyroid
hormone deficiency slows body processes and may
lead to fatigue, a slow heart rate, dry skin,
weight gain, constipation. Kids and teens with
this condition may also grow more slowly and
reach puberty at a later age.
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Hypothyroidism
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When the pancreas fails to produce enough
insulin, _________ occurs. In kids and teens,
__________ is usually an autoimmune disorder,
which means that some parts of the body's immune
system attack and destroy the cells of the
pancreas that produce insulin. To control their
blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of
developing diabetes problems, kids and teens with
this condition need regular injections of
insulin.
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Type 1 Diabetes
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This condition occurs when the adrenal glands
don't produce enough corticosteroids. The
symptoms of adrenal insufficiency may include
weakness, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea,
dehydration, and skin changes.
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Adrenal insufficiency
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