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The Civil Rights Movement

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The Civil Rights Movement Events 1950s: Brown vs. Board of Education In 1954, Brown vs. the Board of Education declared that separate was not equal in public education. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Civil Rights Movement


1
The Civil Rights Movement
  • Events

2
1950sBrown vs. Board of Education
  • In 1954, Brown vs. the Board of Education
    declared that separate was not equal in public
    education.
  • Thurgood Marshall, a member of the NAACP, was the
    lawyer for Brown.
  • A year later the court ruled that school boards
    should desegregate with all deliberate speed

3
Montgomery Bus Boycott
  • In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat
    on the bus to a white man.
  • Martin Luther King called for African Americans
    to refuse to use the bus system until they
    changed their segregation policy
  • People walked, carpooled, and took taxis instead
    of riding the buses
  • Finally the Supreme Court did away with the
    segregation policy
  • This event produced a new generation of African
    American leaders particularly Martin Luther King

4
Central High School IntegrationLittle Rock,
Arkansas
  • In 1957, Governor Faubus said he would not follow
    the Supreme Court order to integrate public
    schools.
  • He placed Arkansas National Guard at Central High
    School to turn away the 9 black students trying
    to enroll.
  • President Eisenhower reacted by placing the guard
    under federal control to protect the African
    American students.
  • With this the long process of school integration
    could begin.

5
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6
1960sSit-Ins
  • CORE created the sit ins to protest the Jim Crow
    laws of separate but equal facilities such as
    restaurants.
  • In the 1960s it became a popular form of protest.
    They would sit down at segregated lunch
    counters or other public places.
  • If they were refused service, they would stay.
    It often worked but sometimes the protesters were
    harassed, beaten, or arrested.

7
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8
Freedom Rides
  • In 1961, CORE and SNCC organized the Freedom
    Rides
  • Its purpose was to test if southern states were
    following the Supreme Court ruling that
    interstate travel areas could not be segregated.
  • Violence erupted in Alabama when the bus was set
    on fire and the escaping riders were beaten by
    the mob

9
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10
Clash in Birmingham
  • Birmingham was known as the most segregated city
    in the country.
  • Fred Shuttlesworth, a Civil Rights leader in
    Birmingham invited MLK to help in Birmingham.
    MLK planned to boycott the stores downtown.
  • MLK faced off against Bull Connor who was the
    Birmingham police commissioner who threatened to
    arrest any demonstrators.
  • MLK and the others continued anyway and was put
    in jail where he wrote Letter from a Birmingham
    Jail defending his tactics.

11
Clash in Birmingham
  • After MLK was released, he got children to march
    with them and over 900 children were arrested.
  • Police also used high power hoses, tear gas, and
    attack dogs on the protestors while the nation
    watched in horror.

12
March on Washington
  • To focus national attention on JFKs Civil Rights
    bill, civil rights leaders and 200,000 people of
    all races marched on Washington, D.C.
  • MLK delivered his I Have a Dream speech.
  • As a result of the March of Washington, the Civil
    Rights Act of 1964 was passed.

13
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14
Freedom Summer
  • In the summer of 1964 a voter registration drive
    was organized for Mississippi
  • A thousand volunteers, mostly college students,
    joined the Freedom Summer going to Mississippi to
    help blacks register to vote

15
Freedom Summer
  • Whites and the KKK were angry from the Civil
    Rights Act and violence erupted in some places.
  • 3 civil rights workers were found murdered in
    Mississippi, churches were burned or bombed, and
    there more than 80 mob attacks.

16
Selma March
  • African Americans still had problems attaining 1
    basic right Voting
  • The police in Selma were arresting people who
    stood in line to register to vote.
  • King and others decided to organize a protest
    march.

17
Selma March
  • As marchers set out they were met with armed
    state troopers who whipped, clubbed, and gassed
    the marchers.
  • TV pictures shocked the nation and LBJ sent
    federal marshals to protect the marchers.
  • As a result of the Freedom Summer and the Selma
    March, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed.
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