The Black Death

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The Black Death

• Iva Vankátová
• 1. mcr

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Introduction

• Plague has been occured since the ancient world
• Already mentioned by Homer
• 
  Thukydides
• 
  Vergilius
• Plague is also mentioned in the Bible.

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• Plague is called black death because of
  characteristic black spots, which appear on the
  skin of affected people

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• Plague specific infection
• Affects mainly wild living rodents and other
  small mammals
• Transmitted by parasites ( mainly by fleas)

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Three forms of Black Death

• Bubonic
• Pneumonic
• Septicemic
• Each different form killed people in a vicious
  way.
• What the plague affects

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The bubonic plague

• Most commonly seen form of the Black death
• Mortality rate 30-75
• Symptoms enlarged and inflamed lymph nodes
  (around arm pits, neck and groin)
• Headaches, nausea, aching joints, fever, vomiting
• Symptoms took from 1-7 days

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The pneumonic plague

• Second most commonly seen form
• Mortality rate 90-95
• The penumonic plague infected the lungs
• Symptoms slimy sputum tinted with blood ( sputum
  is saliva mixed with mucus exerted from the
  respiratory system)
• Symptoms took 1-7 days to appear

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The septicemic plague

• The most rare form of all
• Mortality was close to 100

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How it was transmitted
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European outbreak

• Infection spread to the Europe from West Asia
• October 1347 Messina
• 1347 Genoa, Venice
• From Italy to France, Spain, Portugal and
  England ( by June 1348), Germany, Scandinavia and
  finally to north-western Russia in1351

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• People burnt clothes of the dead to avoid
  spreading the infection

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• The absence of hygiene was one of the reasons why
  the infection spread so fast

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How the doctors protected themselves
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Effects- population loss

• In Europe 20 to 25 million people ( one third of
  population)
• England lost almost one million people

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Economic changes

• Valuable artisan skills disappeared when large
  numbers of the working class died
• Those who had skills became even more valuable
  than the rich people
• The poor demand more money
• End of serfdom
• More comfortable life for peasants enough money
  for better houses

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The Effect on Music and Art

• Peoples attitudes towards music and art changed
  as they began to see the depression surrounding
  them

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World Distribution of Plague

• Central Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia,part of
  China, south-west and south-east Asia
• East Africa, Madagaskar
• Andes and Brasil in South America, North America

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Occurence of illness in last years ( source WHO)
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• Nowadays plague doesnt represent such danger as
  in the Middle Ages. It is quite quickly and
  reliably curable with strong antibiotics.

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Vocabulary

• Bubonic- dýmejový
• Depiction zobrazení
• Droplet- kapénka
• Groin- slabina
• Lymphatic gland- lymfatická žláza
• Lymph-node
• mízní uzlina
• Mucus hlen

• Mud bláto
• Peasant rolník
• Pneumonic plicní
• Rodent hlodavec
• Septicemic strevní
• Serfdom - nevolnictví
• Sputum- slina
• Thatch došek
• Windpipe - prudušky