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Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification ... Fire

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Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification ... Fire Danger equiv fuel to coal) Food, Beverage, & Cosmetic Manufacturing Waste (Very High BOD to Sewer, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification ... Fire


1
Pyrolytic Heat Recovery with Enhanced Gasification
  • Sustainable Value Recovery Solutions for Your
    Organic Waste

2
Value Recovery Solutions for Organic Waste
Disposal
  • Pyrolytic Gasification yields a high quality
    Synthesis Gas from Waste Materials such as
  • Municipal Solid Waste (Landfill after resource
    recovery at 25 -150/ton)
  • Biomass and Agricultural Wastes (Burn on Site
    emissions problems)
  • Sewer Plant Sludge (Limited landfill availability
    - Landfill at 50 -150/ton)
  • Medical Hospital Waste (Hazardous Landfill at
    250 - 500/ton)
  • Refinery Oil Processing Wastes (Hazardous
    Landfill at 250- 1500/ton)
  • Used Tires (Hazardous Landfill, Local Nuisance,
    Fire Danger equiv fuel to coal)
  • Food, Beverage, Cosmetic Manufacturing Waste
    (Very High BOD to Sewer, Landfill Disposal at 25
    - 150/ton)
  • Construction Demolition Wastes (Landfill after
    resource recovery at 25 - 150/ton)
  • If it contains organicsits a fuel to us and a
    disposal problem solved for you !

3
Why Pyrolysis ?
  • Incineration inherently emits oxidized hazardous
    pollutants (NOx, SOx, ClOx, FlOx, dioxins,
    furans, aldehydes, ketones, others) promoted by
    direct combustion of waste material
  • Pyrolysis in PHREG unit occurs in a reducing
    atmosphere.
  • Hazardous components of off-gas are NH3, H2S,
    HCl, HF, HCN, amines, etc.
  • easily and economically scrubbed with existing
    technology.
  • Cleanup equipment capital costs are 20-40 less
    for PHREG than for incineration processes.
  • PHREG process avoids conditions favorable to the
    production of dioxins via the deNovo synthesis
    reaction.
  • Low nitrogen in Syngas Product reduces NOx
    formation tendencies during combustion. Air
    combustion of waste makes NOx formation a
    recurring problem for incinerators. Impossible
    to make a true low NOx solids burner.

4
Why Pyrolysis ?
  • Incineration is pretty much limited to Combined
    Cycle CoGen units. PHREG product gas can be used
    in a number of ways.
  • Incinerators generate large amounts of ash
  • difficult to handle
  • typically must be treated and disposed of as a
    hazardous waste.
  • Greater flue gas and ash cleanup
  • Inherently higher cost of a steam power system
  • net cost per ton of equivalent feed is 20-25
    greater than pyrolysis
  • Grate efficiency of burn is at best 30 - more
    likely below 25.
  • PHREG net efficiency is 22 of feed LHV
  • capital cost 20 below that of Trash burn
    plant
  • eliminates ash disposal headaches.

5
PHREG PYRO GASIFICATION PROCESS DETAILS
Product Gas
Condensor
Clean Pyrogas
Organic Feed
Solutions for Scrubbing
Water Recycle
Acid Gas Absorber
Steam
Particulate Solids / Liquids Removal
Recycle Fuel
Aux. Boiler (Optional)
Scrubber Soln. Regeneration
Dirty Gas
Pyrolysis/ Gasification Reactor W/ Jacketing
Water
Scrubber Salt To Disposal
Burner (Typ. 4-8)
Fresh Fuel (As Needed)
Air
Slag Collection Disposal/Recycle
O2 (As Needed)
Oxygen Plant (Optional)
6
Process UnitsIndividually Proven New
Application!
  • Waste Receiving
  • Sorting
  • Surge Piles
  • Waste Pre-Processing
  • Feed Conveying
  • PHREG Reactor
  • Overhead Gas Cleaning Recovery
  • SynGas product utilization

7
Equipment Needed
  • Receiving Pad
  • Sorting Table
  • Shredder
  • Pan conveyors
  • Airlock
  • Solids/Droplets Removal
  • Acid Gas Treatment
  • Oxygen Supply
  • Sulfur Recovery Unit
  • tire / refinery waste disposal only

8
Waste Sorting Conveying
One Suppliers solution for recycling and
destruction of solid wastes
9
Shredder with Feed Conveyor
A commercially available unit for shredding tires
10
Shredder Options
Other commercially available solutions
11
Airlock Feeder
Commercially available from multiple
suppliers Dual Flap-valve construction is less
likely to experience damaged seals easier to
clean and repair than rotary valves
12
PHREG REACTOR CONCEPT
Wet Feed Solids Hopper
Feed Flow Controller
CLOSE (OPEN)
Air Lock Feeder
OPEN (CLOSE)
Pyrogas Steam Vent
100- 120 C
Solids Drying Zone I
Liquid Organic Feed (optional)
Figure 2
Pyroliquids Draw (optional)
Pyroliquids Recycle(optional)
350- 400 C
Solids Pyrolysis Zone II
850- 900 C
Char Gasification Zone III
Air/O2/Steam To each burner
1200- 1600 C
Ash/Slag Liquefaction Zone IV
1700- 2000 C
Reactor Fuel
Slag/Glass recovery
Slag / Glass/ Metals Collection Pit
Insulation /or Jacketing
Metals recovery
Segmental Flange
Injector/Burner Ring
13
PHREG Reactor
  • Derived from Blast Furnace Technology
  • more than 800 years of technological history!
  • High Temp, Low Pressure, Cost Effective design
  • Chemical Engineers call this a counter-current
    falling bed reactor
  • Gas injection is through Tuyeres
  • No elemental oxygen in contact with feed material
  • Complete flow and temperature control of driver
    gas outside of reaction zone
  • Slag collection is from the hearth
  • No char handling !
  • Air Separation Unit needed for max Syngas
    Production
  • 95 purity membrane or PSA
  • Use Natural gas to start, switch to completely
    autothermal recycle ops in minimal time
  • Net SynGas product proportional to organic
    content in feed
  • Cold Gas Efficiency of 75-80 on feed LHV

14
Exhaust Gas Treatment
  • Separate out dust and condensable mists
  • Condenser
  • Cyclone
  • Scrubber
  • Dryer / Desiccator
  • Salt Recovery Removal
  • Sulfur Recovery Unit
  • tires/refinery waste only

15
Dust / Mist CollectorsWet Scrubber useful for
Acid Gas removal as well
16
SynGas UtilizationSeveral commercially viable
options available
17
Whats Left to Dispose of ?Maybe Nothing
!!Scrubber Salts (which may be recyclable to
chemical manufacturer) 0.2-1.0 of original
feed wtNon-hazardous Vitreous slag ( which may
be used as construction fill or primary material
) 0.5-2.5 of original feed weightThe rest
is all revenue streams -
18
1. Lowest capital, quickest implementation2.
Lots of equipment optimized for low-Btu gas
feed to GTG3. Net Feed Gas Efficiency of
33-454. Baseload operations with waste feed5.
Support peaker ops with supplemental import gas
for minimal extra (5-10) capital cost
SynGas Utilization Option 1Power from Gas
Turbine-Generator Set
19
FEED LHV FEED RATE NET POWER
CAPITAL COST CAPITAL RECOVERY
REMARKS BTU/LB TONS/DAY GEN
MW APPROX MM APPROX YRS
4500 500
0 50
6 MSW
MINIMUM SELF SUSTAINING 8500
500 20
75
7 BASELOAD MSW
8500 2500 100
250
5 BASELOAD
MSW 12500 50
4 15
2
MED WASTE TYP 15000 100
11 28
24
OLD TIRES TYP. 15000
500 55
85 5
OLD TIRES TYP. BASIS
GIVEN TONS/DAY OF TRASH _at_ LHV 7500 HRS/YR
UTILIZATION ANNUAL OP COSTS _at_ 10
OF CAPITAL BASELOAD POWER REVENUE
_at_ 200/MWH FEED TIPPING FEE AT
100 /TON MSW
AT 500 /TON MED WASTE
AT 100
/TON TIRES
SynGas Utilization Option 1Power from Gas
Turbine-Generator Set
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