Motivation to Hate

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Motivation to Hate

• Lindsay Maloney
• Anne Whitted
• Catherine Stauffer
• Lauren Pylant

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WARNING!!!

• Material may contain offensive images!

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Researching hate

• Can one research hate?
• We think no.
• You cannot see hate through a brain scan
• It is not like dissecting a pill or performing
  brain surgery
• How can one measure it?
• How can you feel anothers hate?
• Other than an action they perform against you

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HATE

• Have you ever hated someone?
• If so, have you ever acted on it?
• What drove you to do so?
• Alcohol, cheating spouse, betrayal, etc

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Statistics

• http//www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0004885.html

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Definitions of Hatred

• Intense dislike or extreme aversion or hostility
• A feeling so intense it demands action
• Stems from fear, animosity, anger, or sense of
  injury, JEALOUSY

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Is it easier to love or to hate?

• LOVE?
• Is difficult and hard to explicate
• People see love as
• Sissy
• Embarrassing
• Not Macho

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Is it easier to Love or to Hate?

• HATE?
• Hate is easy arousingappealingand it generates
  listeners and ratings
• Once hate emotions are ignited, further fanning
  the flames is easy, and soon clear thinking and
  reason seem far less satisfying than venting this
  anger and hatred, and even striking out with
  violence
• I can only feel better about my own plight by
  putting down other people.
• The only way I can feel adequate is by aligning
  myself with a group that crusades against some
  inferior, immoral, or evil entity
• It is said that hate is not the opposite of love,
  but rather fear!

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Do People create the activist or does the
Activist create the People

• Root of Hitlers hatred for Jews
• Nazis were jealous of the Jews riches and
  businesses
• Hitler absorbed some of his parents racism for
  Jews
• 4 out of the 7 professors that rejected him from
  Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, were Jewish
• As a leader he dictated fear into his followers
  so they would not step out of line

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Is Hatred Innate or Learned?

• Innate
• Aristotle believed
• A person can choose to like or dislike a person
  We can prove people to be friends or enemies
• Moral virtues are prepared by our nature as human
  beings, but believed that our social environment
  and upbringing can influence how these virtues
  are used in life.
• Bandura
• Argued that humans learn aggression by observing
  payoffs from aggressive actions
• Helps them obtain what they are seeking, creates
  submissiveness and gets attention
• Whether or not they act on this depends on their
  anticipated consequences

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Is Hatred Innate or Learned?

• Learned
• Freud
• Believed aggression stems from redirected energy
  from a humans primitive death urge
• Instinctually, aggressive energy builds up until
  it can be released by a stimulus

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Review

• Difficulties of researching hate
• Definitions of hatred
• Is it easier to love or to hate
• Is hatred innate or learned
• Do people create the activist or does the
  activist create the people

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Racial and Religious Hatred Act 2006

• Aims to extend the current offence of incitement
  to racial hatred to include stirring up hatred
  based on peoples religious belief, bringing all
  religions under the same level of protection

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Throughout time has hatred increased or decreased?

• Hatred is more publicized now then in past,
• Moved from radio to television viewing
• newspaper, television, books, video, etc
• Manipulation of proof for people who act on hate

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Has hatred changed?

• More groups developed
• Ignorance
• Human rights
• Immigration

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Prevalence of Antigay Aggression among a College
Sample

• Dr. Karen Franklin
• 500 young adults in San Francisco all reported
  some sort of physical violence and threats
  against people they believed were homosexual
• 24 antigay name calling
• 18 physical threats
• 32 name calling

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Psychosocial Motivations of Hate Crime
Perpertrators

• Self-Defense
• Responding to aggressive behaviors of others
• For example
• 9/11 terrorist attacks on US
• Husband abusing wife (or vice versa)
• Curb stomp (American History X)

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Psychosocial Motivations

• Thrill Seekers
• Commit acts of hatred in order to alleviate
  boredom, to have fun and excitement, and to feel
  strong
• Examples
• Some bullies
• Hannibal

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Psychosocial Motivations

• Peer dynamics
• In order to prove their toughness to the other
  peers in their social groups
• Examples
• Followers
• Gangs (prison)
• Hate Groups (KKK)

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Psychosocial Motivations of Hate Crimes
Perpetrators

• Ideology assailants reported that they assaulted
  gay men and lesbians because of their attitudes
  about homosexuality
• View themselves as social norm enforcers
• Do not object so much to homosexuality itself but
  to visible challenges
• Public flaunting
• Sexual deviance
• Male effeminacy

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Active Hate Groups

• There are many hate groups in NC
• Many are unknown to society
• Here are a few that are known

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Consequences

• Death
• War
• Betrayal
• Starvation
• Suffering
• Fear

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Hate Learned can be Unlearned

• Leading experts on child development argue that
  the problem begins in early preschool.
• Preschool children already learn stereotypes or
  acquire many negative attitudes
• The process of countering those negatives with
  positives begins at an early age.

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Physiological effects of Hatred

• Emotions begin inside the amygdala
• the part of the brain responsible for identifying
  threats, and for sending out an alarm when
  threats are identified
• An additional brain neurotransmitter and hormone,
  adrenaline is released which trigger a lasting
  state of arousal
• However, most often the emotions of rage are
  stopped before getting out of control
• The prefrontal cortex can switch off the emotions
  in proportion
• If the amygdala handles emotion, the prefrontal
  cortex handles judgement

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Physiological effects of hate

• Heart beat increases
• Blood pressure rises
• Rate of breathing increases
• Heightened senses
• Yelling
• Animated and exaggerated body movement
• Tense muscles
• Impotence
• Passive-aggressive behavior
• Envy
• Jealousy
• Depression
• Sleeplessness

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Bullying

• Is a persistent unwelcome behavior, mostly using
  unwarranted or invalid criticism
• Is obsessive and compulsive
• HAS TO HAVE someone to bully and appears to be
  unable to survive without a current target
• Why do people bully
• To avoid facing up to their inadequacies and
  doing something about it
• To avoid accepting responsibility for their
  behavior and the effect it has on others
• To reduce their fear of being seen for what and
  who they really are
• To divert attention away from their inadequacy

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Links

• www.harvard.edu/cyberlaw Matthew Shepard
• http//www.infoplease.com Hate crime statistics
  on lesbians and homosexual men
• http//hate-crime.website-works.com hate crime
  statistics by police
• http//www.adl.org/hate-patrol/kkk.asp - about
  the KKK
• http//www.bullyonline.org/workbully/bully.htm -
  what is bullying?
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate -
• what is the definition of HATE?
• Physiological symptoms of Hate/aggression
• www.youtube.com
• American History X
• Nazi death camps
• http//projects.jou.ufl.edu Is hate learned or
  Instinctual?
• What leads to hate crimes

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Motivations behind the Killing of Matthew Shepard

• Do you think that this was a hate crime?
• Kristen Price changed her story three times
• Why?
• What story do you believe?
• Gay and Lesbian advocacy groups and the media
  point to Matthews death as a vivid example of
  the consequences of intolerance and disrespect.

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Motivations behind the killing of Matthew Shepard

• Drugs and Money
• Aaron had a serious methamphetamine habit by the
  age of 18
• Aaron had planned to rob a drug dealer
• Was unable to do so and then decided later to
  ONLY rob Matthew Shepard

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Motivations behind the Killing of Matthew Shepard

• Gay Hate Crime
• Aaron remembers that at one point Shepard reached
  over and grabbed his leg
• A petition was made to build a monument with
  Shepards picture and the words Matthew Shepard,
  Entered Hell October 12, 1998 in Defiance of
  Gods Warning Thou shalt not lie with mankind
  as with womankind it is abomination. Leviticus
  1822