Synrad, Inc.

1
Synrad, Inc.

• Synrad, Inc.4600 Campus Place Mukilteo, WA
  98275-4862USAPhone [phone]
• Website www.synrad.com

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CO2 LASER APPLICATIONS ON CERAMICS

• Marking PorcelainThis material provides a
  highly permanent contrasting mark, with some
  engraving. This component is used for electrical
  lamp plugs. Fenix, 25W, 5"/s..

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Marking Aluminum Nitride

• Aluminum Nitride marked using Synrads Fenix.
• Using Synrads 25W Fenix Laser Marker and 80mm
  lens, this Polished Aluminum Nitride (Ceramic)
  sample was marked with 1mm high text characters
  at 2.5 inches per second in a cycle time of 0.2
  seconds.

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Marking Clear Ceramic

• Marking high temperature clear ceramic
  using a 10W laser.  
• Heat resistant to 1400 F, the clear ceramic
  material in the photo is used for windows in
  high temperature ovens and furnaces. 
• The ceramic was marked with a 0.125" high
  human readable lot code and a 2D Data Matrix code
  using a 10W Synrad CO2 laser, with a cycle time
  of  3 seconds. 

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Marking polished ceramic surface mounts

• This shuttle was marked on a surface mount
• The mark was made with a 69mm lens and 13 watts
  of laser power.
• A speed of 15'"/s was achieved, with high
  resolution.
• This application calls for high marking speeds,
  as the surface mount material must be marked
  without overheating the part

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Marking Ceramic and Phenolic Capacitors

• The flexible nature of laser marking is ideal for
  placing a printed mark onto very small, varyingly
  sized capacitors, with changing text.
• Both ceramic and phenolic capacitors produce an
  excellent contrasting mark.

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Marking Ceramic Components

• The electronics industry uses miniature
  surface-mount components extensively in the
  manufacture of circuit boards.
• This large (2.5 mm x 3 mm) ceramic capacitor was
  marked using an FH-Series marking head equipped
  with an 80 mm lens.

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Drilling Ceramic

• 75-micron holes drilled in 0.015" ceramic
  (alumina) using a Synrad  Evolution 240.

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Cutting Ceramic

• This 0.014" diameter hole was trepanned through a
  sheet of 0.005"-thick ceramic.

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Cutting ceramic

• 0.025 thick ceramic, cut with a Synrad 200 watt
  laser, at 15ipm

11
Scribing Micro-Channels in PMMA

• This 100-micron wide channel was made using only
  6W of power on a sheet of super-cooled PMMA.
• Enlarged view of the scribed channel

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Marking Surface Mount Capacitors

• Marked with a Synrad 10-watt laser and FH-Series
  Index Marking Head at 15/ sec (Actual size
  2mm x 1 .5mm)

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Marking Polyimide

• Marked with the FH "Index" marking head and
  Synrad laser, using 5 watts at 30"/ second.The
  cutting of polyimide material for flex circuits
  and other electrical applications is a highly
  specialized area, with lasers of wavelengths in
  the 9.3-9.4 micron range commonly used in their
  processing.

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Marking PCB on its side

• Marked with the FH "Index" marking head and 10
  watt laser using 7 watts at 15"/second.
• The available space on small PCBs for marking 
  part numbers or date codes is constantly
  decreasing - one of the reasons for the increased
  use of Data Matrix codes

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 Marking LPI Solder Masks

• LPI (Liquid photo-image able) solder masks are
  widely used on circuit boards as they offer high
  resolution, excellent electrical properties and
  compatibility with surface mount technology.
• This LPI solder mask was marked using a Synrad
  CO2 laser and FH Series marking head without
  exposing the electrical traces, or otherwise
  damaging the board.

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Marking IC Chips

• Marked with Synrad's FH "Index" marking head and
  a 10-watt laser at 45" per second

17
Marking Graphite

• Marked with a Synrad 50W laser at 2.5"/s
• Graphites ability to absorb laser energy is well
  known among CO2 laser users, as this material can
  be used as a fairly effective beam stop.
• While this high-threshold material does require
  at least 50 watts of power to mark, laser marking
  on graphite results in well-defined, dark
  contrasting marks

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Marking Electronic Chips

• Incredibly small readable text created with
  Synrad 10W laser

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Marking Data Matrix Codes on PCB

• This 0.08" sq. (2mm. sq.), 26-character code was
  marked with a 10-watt Synrad laser and FH "Index"
  Marking Head at 19" per second. 

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Marking Data Matrix Codes on Glass-filled Nylon

• Marked with an FH "Index" marking head and
  25-watt laser, using 12 watts of power at 40"/
  second.
• This 22 character code was marked onto an
  automotive part in 0.4s. The 0.4" square code is
  readable with a hand held scanner.
•  

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Marking Codes on PCB

• 2 watts of laser power were used. The codes shown
  are (from top left)
• 0.04" sq. Data Matrix code, marked with Synrad's
  Spot tool0.1725" sq. Data Matrix code,
  raster-filled, cycle time 0.54 seconds
• 0.7180 x 0.09" pdf 417 code, cycle time 1.01
  seconds0.8 x 0.09" Code 128, cycle time 1.64
  seconds
• All four codes were marked in 5 seconds

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Marking Chewing Gum Wrappers

• In this application, foil chewing gum wrappers
  were marked for tracking, quality, and inspection
  purposes using a Synrad 25W CO2 laser and
  FH-Series marking head equipped with a 125mm
  focusing lens

23
Marking Brake Pads

• This brake pad can be marked on either side.
• While an engraved mark can be produced on the
  actual contact side of the pad, a great
  contrasting mark can be made on the painted side
  (shown in the photograph above) at very high
  speed.
• Both the text and code were marked in less than
  2 seconds.

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Marking 2D Codes on FR4

• A 2D Data Matrix code was marked on a sample FR4
  circuit board
• A second sample, containing twelve 0.060 high
  alphanumeric characters, was marked using 12 W at
  25 IPS in a time of 0.22 seconds.

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Marking 2D Bar Codes on PCBs

• This 2-D bar code reads "Synrad CO2 Laser
  marking!"
• Information-dense 2D codes can be quickly and
  easily marked directly onto the base material of
  PCBs using a low power sealed CO2 laser and
  galvo based marking head

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Cutting Sandpaper

• Cutting 0.04 aluminum oxide paper with 125 watts
  at 125/ minute.The thickness and abrasive
  nature of the aluminum oxide is a challenge for
  mechanical cutters, often resulting in tool wear
  and deformation of the paper.
• The laser cuts the sandpaper with no visible
  signs of thermal damage, and, as in this example,
  offers the end-users the flexibility to create
  custom shapes.

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Cutting PCB

• Side view of PCB scribed using low power Synrad
  CO2 Lasers.
• The 0.05 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) shown on
  the left was cut at 140 inches per minute with a
  Synrad 50W laser.

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Cutting Non-Slip Mats

• Close up of laser cut non-slip flooring. 
• Cutting was done with a 50-watt Synrad laser and
  10psi nitrogen assist at a speed of 2.75" per
  second.  

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Cutting Gaskets with a marking head

• This application may also be accomplished using
  the Fenix Laser Marker.
• The figure shows 8.5" x 7" gasket, cut with 25
  watts of power at 2" per second

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Cutting cell phone keypads

• Cut conditions were 23W, 1.8"/s, 200mm lensThe
  as-received cell-phone keypad required the
  individual keys to be de-gated. The cutting was
  achieved using the Digital Marking Head.

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Cutting CDs

• The CD material cuts very well with slight edge
  charring, with no discoloration to its surface or
  underside.
• 25 watts, 70" per minute
•  

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SYNRAD APPLICATION GLASS QUARTZ AND STONE
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Stripping Optical Fiber

• For many material removal processes, such as
  fiber optic stripping, low power CO2 lasers can
  be an excellent tool. 
• The laser beam  can be positioned with high
  accuracy and power delivered with precise control
  to remove unwanted materials. 

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"Spot" Marking Data Matrix Codes on CRT Glass

• WinMark Pro's Spot Marking Style was used to
  create this 0.35"sq 2D code on CRT glass.  The
  mark had a cycle time of 2.6 seconds
• Three  methods of marking glass usingWinMark Pro
  softwareTop Circle Filled Middle Spot
  Marking Style Bottom Raster Fill

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Sealing Borosilicate Glass Tubes

• This 0.075"- diameter borosilicate glass pipette
  was sealed using 10W of CO2 laser power.

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Profile Cutting of Quartz

• The picture above shows part of an intricate
  pattern cut out of 0.03"-thick quartz,
  demonstrating the laser's effectiveness in fine
  cutting operations

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Marking Test Tubes

• A readable 2D code created on Pyrex using a
  Synrad 10W laser

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Marking Sapphire

• White sapphire marked using a low power Synrad
  CO2 lasers

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Marking Quartz

• This piece of quartz was marked using the FH
  Marking head and only 5 watts of power at 15" per
  second. Actual character height is 0.04".  

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Marking Pyrex Glass

• Marked with Fenix Laser Marker (25W) at 15/s.
• Marked with Fenix Laser Marker (8W) at 15/s.

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Engraving Marble/ Granite

• Marked with FH "Index" marking head using 18
  watts at 15"/ second.
• Marking plaques and presentation pieces made
  from marble, granite and similar substances can
  be achieved in various ways.
• Surface marking, with very little penetration
  into the material, is fairly straightforward,
  generally requiring less than 25 watts of power

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Marking Glass Diodes

• Marked with 3 watts of power at 15"/second.
• 0.03"-high characters were marked on this diode
  using just 3 watts of laser power.
• The material is painted glass, and the
  highly-contrasting mark was produced by removing
  the paint, leaving the glass unaffected

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 Marking Glass

• This intricate image can be marked using a Synrad
  25W laser! 
• These results were achieved using 20W of power, a
  125mm lens at a speed of 45 inches per minute. 
• The image was marked with a resolution of
  425dpi.   

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Laser Marking Glass to Resemble Sand Blasting

• CO2 lasers mark glass by fracturing the surface
  of the material.
• In this case , the glass was fractured to within
  2-3 thousandths of the surface, resulting in a
  very smooth finish.
• This technique can be used to produce text, Data
  Matrix codes, and readable bar codes

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Marking Decorative Glass

• Marked with 15 watts of power at 100"/second.
• In this application, the surface staining or
  coating on glass was easily ablated away,
  revealing a pattern.
• The high speed etching on the thin coating has no
  effect on the glass beneath it.

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Marking Bar codes on Glass

• Readable codes were marked on this 1/8"-thick
  automotive glass
• The 6 character Code 128 barcode was marked with
  a cycle time of 1.7 seconds.

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Marking Bar Codes in Glass

• 128 Code, marked with an FH-Series Marking Head
  and 25W Synrad laser.  Marking speed was 35" per
  second.
• Magnified view of a code made up of linear spots

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Marking Auto Glass

• Readable codes can be made on tinted glass using
  a 10W laser

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Laser "Blasting" Glass

• A sandblasted look can be created on glass using
  a Synrad laser and FH Marking Head.   

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Cutting Float Glass

• Cut with a 60-2, 200 watt laser.
• The unique ability to cut out profile shapes with
  no mechanical force makes this application
  possible.

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Cutting Optical Fiber

• CO2 laser radiation is readily absorbed by glass,
  which makes these lasers ideal for cutting and
  machining of optical fibers, or as a heat source
  for fiber splicing
• In this case, single-mode telecommunication
  fibers were cut with a 25-watt laser at a speed
  of 6" per second with 5 passes (0.3 second cycle
  time), using an 80mm focal length lens

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CO2 LASER APPLICATIONS IN METALS

• Scribing aluminum film
• This application required aluminum film to be
  sectioned. The 2 microns thick film was scribed
  using only 9 watts of laser power, at a speed of
  2000ipm

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Rust-Proof Marking Steel

• Metal marking using a Synrad FH Series Marking
  Head.
• Synrad lasers are used in a variety of industrial
  applications to mark metals including mild steel,
  300 400 series stainless, Inconel, nickel,
  titanium, tool steel, and titanium nitride.
• In addition to easily marking these metals, the
  CO2 laser creates a permanent and durable mark.

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Marking 0.025"-thick wire

• Tungsten Carbide wire, marked with 98W, 1"/s 69mm
  lens.
• This application shows off the lasers ability to
  create high quality marks on even the tiniest of
  surfaces marking alphanumeric on 0.025"-thick
  wire!
• The resulting character height of this
  application is 0.018", with a line width of
  0.0026".

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Marking Steel Automotive Parts

• These 0.125" high characters were marked on a
  steel automotive part using 60W.

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Marking Stainless Steel

• Stainless Steel disk marked using a 125W Synrad
  Laser.

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Marking Solar Panels

• Marked with a Synrad 48-2 CO2 laser with 20 watts
  of power at 15"/ second.
• The underside surface of a solar panel is made of
  powdered aluminum.
• While regular aluminum cannot be marked with a
  sealed CO2 laser, the powdered form can be easily
  marked with just 20 watts of power

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Marking Saw Blades

• The readable contrasting marks on the saw blades
  were created using a Synrad 125W laser at a speed
  of 4.5 inches per second with a resolution of 425
  dpi.

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Marking Plated Steel

• Permanent marks created on an automotive door
  latch using CO2 lasers

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Marking Painted Metal

• A gun barrel slide marked using a low power
  Synrad CO2 laser.  

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Marking Painted Aluminum

• Logos and text, marked on painted aluminum using
  a 25W laser.

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Metal Marking with the Fenix Laser Marker

• Bead blasted stainless steel 24W, 0.125"/s
• Cast stainless steel 25W, 10"/s readable 2-D Bar
  Code

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Metal marking with a 50 watt CO2 laser

• Both titanium and stainless steels can be marked
  with as little as 50 watts of CO2 laser power

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Marking Metal around a circumference

• 1-diameter metal tube, marked with a Synrad
  100-watt sealed CO2 laser and FH-Series Index
  Marking Head at 2 per second

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Marking Lithography Frames

• Contrasting marks were produced on this  anodized
  aluminum frame with a 25W laser.

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Marking Lacquered Aluminum

• Contrasting marks were created on a lacquered
  aluminum cap. 

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CUTTING CROMIUM STEEL
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CUTTING BRONZE MESH
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CUTTING COATED ALUMINIUM
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CUTTING MILD STEEL
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CUTTING NICKEL
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CUTTING NICKEL SCREEN
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CUTTING SAND PAPER
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CUTTING STAINLESS STEEL
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CUTTING STAINSTEEL TUBING
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DRILLING STEEL
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CO2 LASER APPLICATIONS FOR PAPER AND WOOD
PROCESSING
78
Marking, Kiss-Cutting, and Perforating Labels

• This laser-markable label material, developed by
  3M for NdYAG laser applications, is easily
  marked, kiss cut, and perforated using a Synrad
  10W CO2 laser and an FH Series marking head.

79
Marking Fast Codes on Inked Paper

• Using a Synrad 25W FH Marking System, these codes
  were marked at 250" per second

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Marking Codes on Boxes

• Laser ablating an inked layer on boxes is a
  popular method of marking date codes in the
  packaging industry.

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Engraving Wood

• A handgrip was engraved on hardwood using a
  Synrad laser and FH Marking head

82
Cutting Particle BoardUsing a 240W Synrad CO2
laser we were able to cut this particle board at
a speed of 150 inches per minute
83
Cutting Paperboard

• This paperboard cutting application was processed
  using both 100W and 240W sealed CO2 lasers.
  Although the paperboard is 0.25" thick, the beam
  was focused by a lens proving a 0.004" spot size
  and a 0.07" depth of focus.

84
Cutting Corrugated Paper

• A 21-pound corrugated sample (0.375 high flutes
  on 3/4" inch centers) was cut using 109W at a
  speed of 360 IPM.
• The black 33-pound stock, with 0.5 high flutes
  on one-inch centers, was cut using 142W of laser
  power

85
Cutting Carbon Fiber

• Carbon fiber cut using an EVO200 Synrad laser.

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Wire Stripping

• Because many materials used to fabricate wires,
  such as copper and aluminum, are reflective to
  the CO2 wavelength, lasers are an excellent
  source for wire stripping.

87
CO2 LASER APPLICATIONS IN PLASTIC PROCESSING
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Perforating holes in plastic/ fabric sheet

• 0.025" diameter holes made with 15W at 1200ipm

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Marking Thermoset Polyester

• Used in many electrical housings and moldings,
  this material marks easily with a low power CO2
  laser. Fenix, 2.5 watts, 10" per second

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Marking Silicon Carbide

• Marked with the FH "Index" head, 25 watts of
  power at 1" / second.

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Marking PVC Coated Wire

• Marked using a Synrad  CO2 laser and FH marking
  head.
• Using 10W of power, a Synrad CO2 laser and FH
  marking head produced a nicely contrasting mark
  on PVC coated 18 AWG wire with a character size
  approximately 0.039" (1mm) high

92
Marking PVC Coated Bottles

• Contrasting marks resulted from laser marking
  this PVC coated bottle with a 10W laser.

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Marking PVC Wire

• Excellent marks achieved with Fenix, using 1W at
  15"/s on brown (top) and blue (bottom) PVC wire

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Marking PVC Tubing

• This PVC medical device was marked using a 25W
  laser and FH-Series marking head. The 0.1"-high
  text was marked in a cycle time of 0.9 seconds

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Marking PVC Cards

• These codes were marked using a Fenix marking
  system.

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Marking Nylon

• Although this material does not produce a highly
  contrasting mark, it engraves with good
  readability on both light and dark base material
  colors
• Fenix, 7W,10" per second

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Marking IV Bags

• Polyvinyl chloride medical storage bags,marked
  with a 10W Synrad CO2 laser.
• The marks penetrate only 1.3 of the total
  material thickness

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Marking IV Bags
This close-up view of a letter "t"
showsindividual scan lines at a resolution
optimized for speed.

• The entire mark of 400 characters took 11.2sec.

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Marking Data Matrix Codes on Polycarbonate

• Marked with the FH "Index" marking head and
  Synrad laser, using 8 watts of power at 15"/
  second

100
Marking Cosmetic Containers

• Laser marked Anodized Aluminum Lid
• Laser marked PVC. 

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Marking Coated Plastic

• Barcodes and human-readable text marked using 10W
  of power

102
Marking Bakelite

• Marked with the Fenix Laser Marker 1 watt of
  power was used, at a speed of 25" per second.

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Engraving Plastic

• Engraving codes using only 10W of power
•  

104
Engraving Delrin

• Engraved marks in Delrin were made using 25W of
  laser power

105
Drilling Polyurethane

• 0.006" holes drilled in 0.003" polyurethane sheet
  using a Synrad 25W laser and 2.5" positive
  meniscus lens providing a spot size of 0.004" .
   
•  

106
Drilling Plastic Nozzles

• 250 100 micron hole sizes drilled with a Synrad
  48-2 CO2 laser with 20 watts of power

107
Degating Plastic Parts

• This acrylic part was degated on the left side of
  the part. 

108
Marking Day Night Displays

• Marked with 2 watts of power at 20" per second
• Used for displays where the mark will be read
  under varying light conditions, such as
  automotive displays, hi-fi systems, and
  telephones,

109
Cutting Urethane Bushings

• Cutting urethane using a 240W Synrad laser.
• The 2.5 inch thick urethane bushing shown above
  was cut in nine seconds while being rotated
  underneath a 240 watt CO2 laser beam

110
Cutting Synthetic Woven FabricSynthetic fabric,
cut with 25 watts of laser power at 200" per
minute.
111
Cutting Synthetic Filters

• Laser processing of both of these filter elements
  resulted in clean cuts with sealed edges.

112
Cutting 0.6"-thick Polyester Rope

• Cut with 20 watts  at 4"/minute

113
Cutting Plastic Mesh

• Laser cutting of this plastic mesh resulted in
  clean,  sealed edges

A close-up view of the fabric edge quality.
114
Cutting Plastic Mesh

• Synrad CO2 lasers produce smooth edges when
  cutting plastic mesh.

115
Cutting Kevlar Reinforced Urethane

• The Kevlar reinforced Urethane timing belt was
  cut at a speed of 680 inches per minute.

116
Cutting Fabric Housing

• CO2 laser used to cut the outer fabric housing
  from a cable.

117
Cutting Acrylic

• ¼" thick acrylic cut at 50ipm with 100W

118
Cutting 1.125"-Thick Acrylic

• Clear smooth edges on thick acrylic resulted from
  the laser cutting process

119
Cutting and Marking Acrylic SignsThis acrylic
advertising sign was cut and marked using a
Synrad 48-2 25W CO2 laser
120
"Engraving" Polyester Fleece

• Polyester fleece, engraved with a Synrad 10W
  laser and FH-Series Index Marking Head

121
Cutting Plastic Containerswith a Marking Head

• 0.03-thick plastic cut with a 100W laser at
  15/s.

122
CO2 LASER PROCESSING RUBBER AND FOAM
123
Marking Tires

• Crisp readable marks created on rubber tires with
  a Synrad laser

124
Marking Rubber Hose

• Marked with Fenix Laser Marker, 5 watts at 10"
  per second

125
Marking 2D Data Matrix Codes in Rubber

• This contrasting mark was achieved with 5 watts
  at a speed of 15/sec.
•  

• Engraved mark made with 15W at 10/sec

126
Drilling Rubber Seals

• A rubber seal from a car door was drilled using a
  25W Synrad sealed CO2 laser

127
Cutting Rubber-Coated Aluminum

• A test shape was "kiss-cut" out of this rubber
  material. 

128
Cutting foam boards fortool set placement

• 1" thick foam, 125W, 65ipm

129
Cutting Foam Blocks

• Synrad lasers produced smooth edges on this foam
  block

130
Cutting Foam

• Laser cutting results in no discoloration,
  distortion or melting

131
Cutting Foam

• Cut with a Synrad 200 watt laser at a speed of
  2"/minute.