BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

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BLOODBORNEPATHOGENS

• STAFF ANNUAL TRAINING
• Per N.J.A.C.6A-10.9

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Universal Precautions Training

• This training is designed to
• Provide basic understanding of Blood borne
  Pathogens (BBP)
• Discuss Blood borne diseases and their
  transmission
• Explain the term Universal Precautions
• Recognize common modes of transmissions in the
  work place
• Differentiate between Engineering Controls and
  Work Practice Controls
• Review Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and
  Hand washing
• Provide information on Hepatitis B Vaccine and
  Exposure Incidents
• As required by the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration (OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogen
  Standard 29 CFR 1910.0130

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Blood borne Pathogens

• Blood borne Pathogens (BBP) are microorganisms
  such as viruses and bacteria that are carried in
  the blood and can infect and cause disease in
  people who are exposed to blood containing the
  pathogen. These microorganisms can be
  transmitted through contact with contaminated
  blood and body fluids.

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Blood borne diseases

• The two diseases specifically addressed by the
  OSHA standard are
• Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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Characteristics of Hepatitis

• Hepatitis
• Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver
• Can result in cirrhosis and liver damage
• Most people recover
• HBV can be transmitted indirectly
• Can survive in dried blood up to 7 days
• There is a vaccine
• One third of HBV have no signs or symptoms

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Characteristics of HIV

• HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
• HIV attacks the immune system
• People can carry the virus for years without
  visible symptoms
• HIV is fragile and does not survive very long
  outside the body
• In some cases HIV develops into AIDS
• No known cure

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Transmission of Bloodborne Diseases
abrasions
Dermatitis

• Blood borne
• Pathogens are
• Transmitted when
• Contaminated
• Blood or body
• Fluids enter the
• Body of another
• Person. In the school
• Setting, contact is most
• likely to occur through

Cuts
Acne
BBP
Mucous membranes Of the mouth Eyes or nose
Open Sores
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What do we mean Universal Precautions?

• The concept of Universal Precautions is that all
  blood and potentially infectious materials must
  be treated as if they are known to contain
  HIV,HBV or other blood borne pathogens.
• Assume all blood and body fluids are contaminated
  and potentially harmful to your health!!

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6 Steps to consider for Universal Precautions

• 1. ASSUME ALL BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS ARE
  CONTAMINATED AND POTENTIALLY HARMFUL TO YOUR
  HEALTH.

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Steps to consider for Universal Precautions

• 2. WASH HANDS AND WORK SURFACES FREQUENTLY.

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Steps to consider for Universal Precautions

• 3. Avoid contact with sharp objects.
• 4. Use gloves and other personal protective
  equipment when you anticipate exposure to blood
  or other bodily fluids.

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Steps to consider for Universal Precautions

• 5. WASH YOUR HANDS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING EXPOSURE

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Steps to consider for Universal Precautions

• 6. Dispose of hazardous material safely using
  engineering controls like a sharps box for needle
  disposal.

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WORKPLACE TRANSMISSION

• Accidental Injury
• Injury that may occur from broken glass, sharp
  metal, needles, knives or even exposed
  orthodontic wires.
• Indirect Transmission
• Occurs from contact with an object or surface
  contaminated with infectious material and then
  transferred to your mouth, nose, eyes or open
  skin.

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When an Injury Occurs

• Assess the situation
• Administer First Aid
• Report the Incident

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Assess the Situation
Take a moment to collect yourself so you can
approach the situation.

• Be calm and reassure the victim
• Assess the severity of the injury
• Avoid exposing yourself to blood or other bodily
  fluids without precautions

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ADMINISTER FIRST AID

• For minor cuts and scrapes, nose bleeds,
  encourage student to self administer first aid.
• For more serious injuries, put on a pair of
  gloves first
• If you are accidentally exposed to blood or
  another fluid in the course of first aid, wash
  the exposed area with an antibacterial soap and
  water as soon as possible.
• If your eyes, nose or mouth have been exposed,
  flush them with running water.

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REPORT THE INCIDENT

• Report the exposure to the principal and nurse
  immediately in case there is a need for
  additional medical attention.
• Complete the Exposure Incident Report with the
  nurse as soon as possible.

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Engineering Controls VS Work Practice Controls

• Engineering Controls
• Isolates or removes the blood borne pathogen from
  the work place.
• Physical or mechanical systems that eliminates
  the hazards at the source
• Example-sharps disposal container
• Eye wash system in Nurses office

• Work Practice Controls
• Reduces the likelihood of exposure by altering
  the manner in which the task is performed.
• Hand washing
• Personal Hygiene
• Cover area that is soiled until proper cleansing
  done

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HANDWASHING

• Hand washing is one of the simplest and most
  effective practices used to present transmission
  of blood borne pathogens.
• Take 2 paper towels and put under arm
• Turn on warm water and put soap on hands
• Rub for 20 seconds vigorously, getting fingers,
  hands, wrists and fingernails.
• Rinse thoroughly use one towel to turn off
  faucet
• Use 2nd towel to dry hands and open door.

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PERSONAL HYGIENE

• Use good judgment when working in areas with
  potential exposure.
• Refrain from eating, drinking or applying lip
  balm or cosmetics where there is a likelihood of
  exposure.
• Dont keep food or drink in refrigerators or on
  countertops where there is potential for
  infectious material
• Minimize splashing or spraying of droplets when
  attending to an injury

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTPPE

• To protect yourself, it is essential to have a
  barrier between you and the potentially
  infectious material.
• Gloves, goggles, masks and aprons should be used
  appropriately with the task and degree of
  exposure.

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HEPATITIS B VACCINE

• It is strongly suggested if you are working with
  a high risk group you discuss the vaccine with
  your physician.

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Exposure Incidents

• Exposure Control Compliance Manual Requirements
• Documentation of exposure routed and how exposure
  incident occurred
• Identification and documentation of source of
  individuals infectivity, if possible
• Medical attention _at_ Ocean Bay Occupational
  Medicine Center or Emergency Dept. if needed

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Post Evaluation

• TRUE OR FALSE
• Universal precautions refers to the infectious
  disease control systems, that assumes every
  direct contact with body fluids is infectious and
  requires every employee exposed to be protected
  as though all body fluids are infected with
  bloodborne diseases.
• Universal Precautions Training is required by the
  Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA)
  to limit the threat of Bloodborne Pathogens in
  the work place.
• Every school employee must understand the dangers
  of infection and safe practices to minimize risk.
• Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human
  Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are 2 disease
  specifically addressed by the OSHA Bloodborne
  Pathogen Standard.
• Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.
  Symptoms of the disease range from jaundice, flu
  like symptoms to none at all.
• Hepatitis B virus can survive in dried blood for
  up to 7 days at room temperature.

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Post evaluation continued

• 7. The Hepatitis B vaccine series is an effective
  tool against the Hepatitis B Virus. It is
  suggested you receive the vaccine if you work in
  a high risk area.
• 8. HIV attacks the bodys immune system causing
  the disease known as AIDS and/or other
  opportunistic infections.
• 9. Symptoms of HIV include night sweats, weight
  loss, muscle and joint pain.
• 10. The HIV is fragile and does not survive very
  long outside the body.
• 11.Presently, there is no vaccine to prevent HIV.
• 12.Transmission of bloodborne diseases in the
  work place include accidental injury indirect
  transmission.
• 13.Accidential injury may occur from contaminated
  objects like broken glass, needles, knives and
  sharp metal including orthodontic wires.
• 14.Indirect transmission happens when you touch a
  contaminated surface or object and then transfer
  the infections to you nose, mouth, eyes or open
  skin.

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Post evaluation continued

• 15. An ECP (Exposure Control Plan) involves
  engineering controls and work place practices
  that outline a system of safeguards and barriers
  to reduce the risk of exposure to bloodborne
  pathogens to employees.
• Handwashing is one of the simplest and most
  effective practices used to prevent transmission
  of bloodborne pathogens.
• When an injury occurs, it is important to assess
  the situation first, before administering first
  aid.
• A sharps container for needles is an example of
  engineering controls in the work place.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be worn
  utilized to reduce the risk of exposure. Gloves
  should be worn whenever needed to prevent
  contact.
• The Hepatitis B vaccine series is offered cost
  free to employees at risk for exposure, and
  whenever there is an exposure incident in the
  work place.

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Post Evaluation Answers

• Congratulations if you answered all as TRUE