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NEBOSH General Certificate Unit 16

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Unit 16 Monitoring, Review & Audit Session Aims An understanding of the proactive and reactive monitoring systems An understanding of the scope and nature of a health ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: NEBOSH General Certificate Unit 16


1
NEBOSH General CertificateUnit 16
  • Monitoring,
  • Review
  • Audit

2
Session Aims
  • An understanding of the proactive and reactive
    monitoring systems
  • An understanding of the scope and nature of a
    health and safety audit

3
Learning Objectives
  • To be able to use a variety of proactive and
    reactive monitoring procedures
  • To be able to carry out a workplace inspection
    produce action plan
  • Use different types of safety inspection
  • To be able to review performance
  • Explain meaning and preparations needed for an
    audit

4
The Main Elements in HS(G) 65
5
Safety CultureIndicators
  • Accidents
  • Absenteeism
  • Sickness Rates
  • Staff Turnover
  • Legislation Compliance
  • Staff Complaints

6
Safety CultureSafe Person
  • Competent Person
  • Communicates with workers by providing
  • Safety Briefings that stress safety when giving
    work instructions
  • Encouragement via a reward scheme or pat on the
    back
  • Feedback on hazard identification and control
    measures in place
  • Information, Instruction, Training Supervision
  • Co-operation
  • Control

7
Job Safety Analysis
  • Cradle to grave approach to a specific task
  • Identify and evaluate the risks involved in that
    task
  • Break down the task into sections
  • Evaluate each section and decide on the control
    measures necessary to reduce the associated risks
  • Hazards - Risk - Likelihood - Severity
  • Practicable or Reasonably Practicable

8
Inspections AuditsHazard Operability Studies
(HAZOP)
  • Used in potentially high-risk industries such as
    a petro-chemical plant
  • Based on what if questioning - What if
  • The pump fails?
  • The flow rate detector mis-reads?
  • The gas supply is interrupted?

9
Why Monitor?
  • The Management of Health Safety at Work
    Regulations 1992 - Regulation 5
  • Every employer shall make and give effect to
    such arrangements as are appropriate, having
    regard to the nature of his activities and the
    size of his undertaking, for the effective
    planning, organisation, control, monitoring and
    review of the preventive and protective measures

10
Monitoring
  • Proactive - The systematic inspection of plant
    and premises. Checking to ensure that your
    standards are being maintained.
  • Reactive - Something has gone wrong. Standards
    have not been maintained or a control measure has
    failed.

11
Monitoring
  • Proactive - look at what is actually happening
    compared to what is written in plans and
    standards.
  • Reactive - events direct us to look again at
    control measures
  • accidents
  • near misses
  • dangerous occurrences
  • ill-health
  • complaints by the workforce
  • enforcement action

12
Reactive
Active
Assess action needed to deal with immediate risk
Assess level and nature of investigation needed
Investigate
Results Analysis
Review Process
13
Inspections
  • A physical inspection of premises, plant and
    equipment. Undertaken by
  • Directors / Supervisors / Line Managers
  • Health Safety Advisor
  • Joint teams of managers and employees
  • Safety Representatives
  • Inspecting either together or working separately
    and then comparing notes

14
Proactive Monitoring
  • Safety Audits - Thorough, systematic and critical
    examination of systems and procedures
  • Workplace Inspections - Physical inspection of
    the workplace or aspects of the workplace
  • Safety Surveys - Detailed investigation of of one
    aspect of the workplace
  • Safety Tours - Brief examination of one or more
    aspect of the workplace
  • Safety Sampling - Inspection limited to a
    specific area or aspect of the workplace e.g.
    fire doors

15
Proactive MonitoringSafety Audits
  • A safety audit is A thorough, systematic and
    critical examination of safety management systems
    and procedures
  • It should
  • Asses the quality implementation of the
    safety policy
  • Identify potential risks and their associated
    control measures
  • Analyse workplace activities and assess if they
    are being carried out safely

16
Proactive MonitoringSafety Representatives
  • The Safety Representatives Safety Committee
    Regulations 1977
  • Safety Representatives may conduct inspections in
    the following circumstances
  • After substantial changes to plant and equipment
  • After substantial changes in processes or methods
  • Following notifiable accident or dangerous
    occurrence
  • Following notifiable disease

17
Proactive MonitoringSafety Survey
  • A safety survey is a detailed investigation of
    one aspect of the workplace. Could be a survey
    of
  • Noise
  • Dust
  • Temperature
  • Lighting
  • Fumes and/or Vapours

18
Proactive MonitoringSafety Tour
  • A safety tour is a brief examination of one or
    more aspects of workplace activities Could be
    conducted by a small management team to
  • Display commitment to health and safety
  • Gain familiarisation with layout
  • Compare theory with reality
  • Plan future series of inspections
  • Meet the staff

19
Proactive MonitoringSafety Sampling
  • Safety sampling is limited to certain areas or
    aspects of the workplace. Could be an inspection
    of all
  • Fire doors
  • Prohibition signs (Red White)
  • Mandatory signs (Blue White)
  • Safety signs (Green White)
  • PPE
  • Electrical portable appliances
  • Washrooms toilets
  • All canteen facilities

20
Reactive Monitoring
  • Something has gone wrong. Standards have not
    been maintained or a control measure has failed.
    We are now involved with reporting of
  • Injuries and cases of ill health
  • Near-misses
  • Hazards
  • Weaknesses or omissions in performance standards
  • Enforcement action by HSE or Local Auth

21
Safety AuditFootball Club
  • Considerations
  • Equipment
  • Chemicals
  • Traffic
  • Buildings
  • Fire Precautions
  • Electricity Supply Electrical Equipment
  • Ground Location Layout
  • Visitors
  • Labour
  • Documentation

22
Safety AuditIndependent Expertise
  • An independent expert can be
  • Engineering Surveyors
  • Insurance Company Staff
  • Insurance Brokers
  • Claims Investigators
  • Consultants
  • Health Safety Inspectors
  • Local Authority Inspectors

23
Inspections AuditsPrioritising Results -
Action Plan
  • Likelihood x Severity Risk Rating
  • Urgent - Requiring immediate action
  • Routine - Requiring action over a period of time
  • Football Club Urgent
  • Wiring for lights in the shower room
  • Use of equipment
  • Football Club Routine
  • Soakaways from the showers
  • Improved system for control of contractors

24
Audits InspectionsFrequency
  • Depends on the workplace environment and the
    nature of the associated hazards. Rule of thumb
  • Audit - Annually or every 2 to 3 years
  • Inspections - More frequently (monthly or every
    few months)
  • Note Frequency should be detailed in the
    company safety policy

25
Report Writing
  • Senior Mangers need to know what they need to do,
    by when how much it will cost
  • Use executive summaries
  • Findings linked to an action plan (SMART)
  • Spread responsibility for action
  • Have an different person for each action to
    ensure action plan is completed progress is
    monitored

26
Effective Writing
  • Who will read it?
  • What are the aims?
  • What layout is required?
  • What style is appropriate?
  • What are the terms of reference?

27
Style
  • Short Sentences - KISS
  • Short Words - No Jargon
  • Active Verbs
  • Technical Terms / Acronyms
  • Repetition - Avoid
  • Visual Aids - Charts, Graphs or Pictures
  • Examples

28
Drafts
  • Brain storm jot down your thoughts.
  • Expand your thoughts.
  • Discard irrelevant issues.
  • Read it as if you were receiving it.
  • Read it aloud to check for tone.
  • Simplify the content (no long words).
  • Check all verbs - are they necessary?

29
Report Writing
  • Introduction - Your terms of reference.
  • Summary - Short outline of important points
  • Method - What you did to comply with your terms
    of reference.
  • Findings - A logical list of what you found.
  • Conclusions - Nothing new at this stage.
  • Recommendations - Relevant achievable.
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