Animal Science/Dairy Science 434

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Animal Science/Dairy Science 434

• Reproductive Physiology
• Lecture 1 Introduction, Female Anatomy

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What is happening in this image?
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Instructions

• Graded exercise (5 points)
• On the card provided, list 3 things that you
  observe or know are occurring in the scene. (2
  minutes)
• Print your name at the top
• Form groups of 4 or 5 (List the names in the
  group on your card).
• Take 2 minutes to discuss the scene and make a
  group list of what is occurring in the scene.

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Potential Ways To Interpret Image

• Superficial
• Looking into each others eyes
• Touching
• Physiological changes
• Heart rates increasing
• Increased blood flow to reproductive organs
• Lubrication of vagina, clitoral enlargement,
  contractions of uterus
• Erection of penis, contractions of epididymis

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Instructor

• John J. Parrish
• 714 Animal Science
• parrish_at_ansci.wisc.edu
• 263-4324

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Laboratories

• Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday
• Room 134 Animal Science
• 330 - 530
• may last until 600

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Text

• Pathways to Pregnancy and Parturition - Second
  Edition
• P.L. Senger
• UW Bookstore
• Library (not 2nd edition)

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Web Page http//www.wisc.edu/ansci_repro/

• Syllabus
• Lecture Outlines and Handouts
• Labs
• Old Exams
• Project Information
• Important Dates
• Grading

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434 Web Site Modifications

• Updates may occur daily.
• Lecture outlines and labs are currently for last
  year
• 2004 lecture updates are usually done by 815 the
  day of lecture
• 2004 lab material will be updated by the time of
  Tuesdays lecture.

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Web Page Techniques

• Netscape 4.5 or better
• Internet Explorer 5.0 or better
• Will work best from a campus networked computer
• essential for video clips in WebCT
• Display set for 800 X 600
• Frames were used in page construction
• Printing (check FAQ)
• movement within web site
• Reload button (for lab computers)
• the site is continually being changed

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(No Transcript)
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Initial Syllabus Lectures Labs Handouts Old
Exams Project FAQ
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Syllabus
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Important Dates

• Lecture Exams
• February 19
• April 8
• May 12 (1225 PM, Friday )
• Lab Exams
• February 24 (given 3X on Tuesday)
• April 27, 28 or 29 (taken in lab)
• Oral Final
• April 8 to end of class

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Grading (Tentative)
The final grade will be curved but generally ends
near the following percentages A (100-93), AB
(88-93), B (80-88), BC (79-70), C (69-60), D
(59-50), F (lt50).
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Case or Problem Based Approach

• Dear Uncle Ed
• I turned my heifers out this fall with a bull.
  The veterinarian determined most were pregnant in
  January. The heifer in the center of the picture
  was however not pregnant. What could be the
  problem?
• Your nephew,
• John

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How do you approach a case?

• What information is relevant and what is not?
• What do you need to know?
• Where will you find this information?
• Team or Group responsibilities
• What will each member do?
• Time limits

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Lecture 1
Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy
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Learning Objectives

• To learn the different structures and
  nomenclatures for the parts of the female
  reproductive system.
• To learn the basic functions for the different
  parts of the tract and how they work together.

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Equine - Horse
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Bovine - Cattle
Male
Bull
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Ovine - Sheep
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Porcine - Swine - Pig
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Avian - Chicken
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(No Transcript)
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Rectum
Uterus
Vulva
Ovary
Vagina
Pelvis
Bladder
Oviduct
Cervix
Broad Ligament
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Broad Ligament

• connective tissue sheet which supports and
  suspends the reproductive tract

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Broad Ligament
mesometrium
mesovarium
mesosalpinx
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Ovary - Primary Sex Organ

• Functions
• Hormonal
• Estrogen
• Progesterone
• Female gamete
• Oocyte

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Ovary
- Estrogen, Oocyte
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Ovary
85 of Ovarian Cancers
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Atretic follicle
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Primordial Follicle Primary Follicle
Secondary follicle Tertiary follicle

Follicle Cells
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Tertiary Follicle
Antrum
(Follicular Fluid)
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Tertiary Follicle
Theca Interna
Granulosa
Oocyte
Cumulus Oophorus
Antrum
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Follicular Blood Supply
Theca interna cells
Basement Membrane
Granulosa cells
Follicular fluid
Capillary network
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Secondary Sex Organ A Series of Tubes to Convey
the Oocyte/Embryo/Fetus to the Outside
Serosa
Submucosa
Longitudinal smooth muscle layer
Lumen
Circular smooth muscle layer
Mucosa
Muscularis
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Functions of Oviduct

• Gamete Transport
• Sperm
• Oocyte
• Supports early embryo development
• Transport of embryo to uterus

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Uterine Horn
Oviduct
Cumulus Oophorus and Oocyte
Ovary
Follicle
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Oviduct
Ampulla
Mesosalpinx
Isthmus
UT Junction
Uterine Horn
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Oviduct Histology
Mucosa

• Ciliated Columnar

• Nonciliated Columnar

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Functions of the Uterus

• Muscle contractions
• Transport sperm
• Expel fetus and placenta
• Absorption and phagocytosis
• Partially prepares sperm for fertilization
• capacitation
• Provides environment for embryo and fetal growth
• Hormone production
• Prostaglandin F2a production

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Uterus (bovine)
horn
body

• Bicornuate
• poorly to moderately developed uterine horns
• uterine body
• one cervix

cervix
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Caruncles
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Uterine Histology
Endometrium
Endometrial Glands
Perimetrium
Myometrium
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Uterine Histology
Mucosa
Endometrial Gland
Endometrium
Submucosa
Myometrium
Perimetrium
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Functions of the Cervix

• Transport of sperm
• Barrier to sperm (species dependent)
• Reservoir for sperm
• Blocking bacterial invasion during pregnancy
• Birth canal

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COW
Uterine Body

• Cervix is composed of thick connective tissue

• Mucus is secreted near the time of breeding and
  ovulation.

Cervix
Cow has 4-5 annular rings
Vagina
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Cervix
COW
Internal Os
Cervical Ring
Cervical Ring
Fornix
Fornix
External Os
Fornix
EWE
Anterior Vagina
Anterior Vagina
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Functions of the Vagina

• Copulatory organ
• Glands secrete lubrication
• Birth canal
• Glands secrete pheremones

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Vagina
Anterior Vagina
Cervix
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Columnar Epithelium
Urethra
Submucosa
Submucosa
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Posterior Vaginal Histology
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Mucosa
Submucosa
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Function of External Genitalia

• Labia
• Closes entrance to vagina
• Clitoris
• Female sensory organ

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External Genitalia of the Cow
Anus
Vulva
Labia
Clitoris
Labia
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Phenomena For Fertility

• vagina dentata - a vagina with teeth
• female bedbug - no vagina
• hysterectomy - if woman went to long without
  becoming pregnant then uterus would wonder in
  body causing hysteria and other distresses
• hyena - clitoris is very large and looks like the
  male penis female also has a false scrotum
  (labia) female is the dominate sex and produces
  more testosterone than male