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precautions during pregnancy

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Title: precautions during pregnancy


1
Precautions during Pregnancy
2
Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy is really a natural procedure
    including modifications in the females entire
    body and in addition within their actions and
    also lifestyle. Despite the fact that Pregnancy
    is not an ailment, it requires a unique
    attention. As an illustration, pregnant women
    should abide by a healthy diet plan and never
    within the last few locations they must retain
    his or her health and a nice body shape by simply
    carrying out daily workouts. In addition to this,
    workouts through Pregnancy certainly are a new
    breakthrough discovery and several pregnant women
    often embrace the idea in order to keep a nice
    amount and to include health. Specialists can see
    which workouts will make pregnant women to help
    experience much better and also confident with
    her entire body, they are able to help the
    muscles to be strong muscular tissues, control
    the tension and to maintain a well balanced
    weight.

3
Pregnancy
  • We can't lie down in listing of sign of Pregnancy
    for every girl, because Pregnancy signs and
    symptoms experienced by every lady. On the whole,
    you can place down a number of common signs of
    Pregnancy which will or perhaps is probably not
    knowledgeable by simple ladies. Comprehending
    your sign of Pregnancy is very important because
    these types of signs can also be in connection
    with additional incidences when compared with
    Pregnancy. They had missed period of time can be
    one of the many very first sign of Pregnancy. In
    addition, immediately after pregnancy, once the
    embryo implants itself around the uterine
    retaining wall, you will have implantation
    hemorrhage and you will encounter cramping of
    muscular tissues and also recognizing. They may
    be the first sign of Pregnancy and may end up
    being commonly misinterpreted due to changed
    menstruation, infection or perhaps modifications
    in birth control product and the like.

4
Signs prevailing Pregnancy
  • As I have said, a new detained menstruation may
    be the start with sign of Pregnancy. You'll skip
    the following period of time which confirms which
    fact you are pregnant. Hemorrhaging has been
    incredibly very much standard through a Pregnancy
    period of time yet it'll be commonly brighter
    when compared with standard stream. Usually a new
    had missed period of time is often assigned to
    hormonal problems, anxiety, tension and also
    weakness and the like. The sore teat can be a
    symptom of Pregnancy and may even start off
    immediately after anyone to days of conceiving.
    However hormonal imbalances or perhaps detained
    period may cause this particular pain, yet
    commonly it is just a persistent trouble that is
    caused specifically through Pregnancy. As your
    body is supported and also feeding another
    lifetime system, people usually tend to obtain
    more exhausted and also consumed with stress
    through Pregnancy.

5
Pregnancy
  • Fatigue or perhaps low energy can be early to
    sign of Pregnancy and may begin as early as very
    first few days immediately after pregnancy. The
    Pregnancy examination will probably commonly
    ensure your current Pregnancy due to the fact
    this particular weariness or perhaps weakness may
    arise from depression, anxiety, typical chilly or
    perhaps flu and also. So to save your precious
    time and money as well when anyone at home is
    pregnant, please help that lady and surf the
    online sites like Medooc, 20search, Dogpile, etc.
    which will help you to search tips regarding the
    problems faced by the lady at your home.

6
The First Trimester
  • Lasts from conception to the twelfth week of
    pregnancy
  • 3 periods during the first trimester
  • The Germinal Period
  • Fertilized egg travels and implants in wall of
    uterus
  • Implantation occurs 10-14 days after conception
  • The Period of the Embryo
  • Lasts from third through eighth week of pregnancy
  • Major organs and anatomical structures begin to
    form
  • The Period of the Fetus
  • Lasts from ninth week of pregnancy until birth
  • All major organs continue rapid growth and become
    interconnected

7
The Second Trimester
  • Fetus assumes distinct human appearance
  • The nails harden and skin thickens, as well as
    the eye lashes, eye brows, and scalp hair appear
    during fifth and sixth months
  • Fetuss visual and auditory senses are functional

8
The Third Trimester
  • All organ systems mature rapidly
  • Fetus prepares for birth
  • Fetus reaches age of viability, the point at
    which the fetus can survive outside of the uterus
  • Fetus shows better-organized gross motor
    activity, and sleepiness/ waking activity
  • Towards end of ninth month, fetus is positioned
    head-down with limbs curled up in fetal position

9
Teratogens
  • External agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals
    and radiation that can harm a developing embryo
    or fetus.
  • Time when organ system or body part is at highest
    risk of effects from teratogens is known as
    sensitive period.
  • Effects of teratogens on a body part or organ
    system are worst during the period when that
    structure is forming and growing most rapidly.

10
Teratogens
  • The same defect can be caused by different
    teratogens.
  • A variety of defects can be caused by a single
    teratogen.
  • The longer the exposure or the higher the dose
    of the teratogen, the more likely it is that
    serious harm will be done.
  • The long-term effects of a teratogen often depend
    on the quality of the postnatal environment.

11
Subjective Assessment
  • When pregnant female comes to you, the
    kinesiologist, you should ask
  • Name
  • Age
  • Medical history
  • Genetic history
  • Previous surgeries
  • Current/past medications
  • If they have ever or are using street drugs or
    smoking
  • Alcohol/caffeine use
  • Occupation and current working status
  • Marital status and children

12
Objective Assessment
  • When observing the client, evaluate
  • Height
  • Weight
  • BMI
  • Blood Pressure
  • General alignment
  • Range painful movement

13
Conditions During Pregnancy
  • Constipation
  • Affects half of pregnant women
  • Causes
  • increase in progesterone
  • the colon absorbing more water
  • worse in first 13-14 weeks
  • Treatment
  • Drink plenty of fluids
  • Eat high fiber foods
  • Take fiber supplements psylium husks,
    Metamucil, Ex-Lax
  • EXERCISE!

14
Conditions During Pregnancy
  • Fatigue
  • Almost all women report increased fatigue in the
    1st trimester.
  • Causes
  • Body is working harder
  • More levels of progesterone,
  • Treatment
  • Take naps
  • Drink plenty of fluids, but avoid fluids 2-3hr
    before bed. Lac
  • Exercise
  • Gentle stretches before bedtime can help prevent
    nighttime cramping
  • Eat foods rich in protein

15
Conditions During Pregnancy
  • Back Ache
  • Many women experience back aches during 2nd and
    3rd trimesters
  • Causes
  • Poor posture
  • Extra weight
  • Change in centre of gravity
  • Hormones
  • Treatment
  • Pay attention to posture
  • Exercise
  • Swimming
  • Pillow support in bed
  • Ask for assistance when lifting heavy objects
  • Heat/cold
  • Massage
  • Support belt
  • Wear supportive low heel shoes

16
Benefits of Exercise During Pregnancy
  • Maintenance/improvement of maternal fitness
  • Control of excess weight gain
  • Improved posture and appearance
  • Increased energy
  • Improved sleep
  • Decreased incidence of back pain
  • Improved self-esteem
  • Decreased incidence of varicose veins
  • Decreased water retention
  • Decreased level of tension
  • Possible decrease in complications during labour
  • Shortened labour
  • More rapid postpartum recovery

17
Disadvantages of Not Exercising
  • Studies have shown that women who exercise do not
    experience an increase in
  • Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)
  • When the membranes that hold the amniotic fluid
    break too early.
  • Congenital Abnormalities

18
Risk Reduction
  • Pre-Eclampsia (Toxemia)
  • Occurs only during pregnancy and the postpartum
    period
  • Affects 5-8 of all pregnancies
  • Causes blood vessels to constrict resulting in
    high blood pressure and a decrease in blood flow
    to organs and uterus.
  • Having high blood pressure before pregnancy puts
    you at risk, also having a BMI of 30 or more
  • Characterized by high blood pressure and presence
    of protein in the urine
  • Symptoms excess swelling of hands and feet,
    headaches, changes in visions, vomiting blood,
    ringing in the ears
  • Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd trimesters

19
Exercises During Pregnancy
  • Low impact aerobics
  • Water aerobics
  • Walking
  • Kegels
  • Pilates
  • Yoga
  • Cycling
  • Swimming

20
Kegels
  • Help prepare body for labour
  • Kegel exercises are easy to do - can be done
    anywhere
  • Kegels help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles
  • Many women do kegel exercises to prevent
    incontinence

21
Yoga (prenatal)
  • Help with breathing and relaxation
  • Promote feelings of well-being
  • Energizing
  • Stress relief
  • Improve posture
  • Meet others who are facing the same challenges
  • Note Avoid positions lying on the back

22
Walking
  • Vary the intensity
  • Less impact on the knees and ankles
  • Easy way to start exercising
  • Supportive shoes
  • Water bottle
  • Spray bottle
  • Maintain good posture

23
Exercises to Avoid During Pregnancy
  • Ball sports
  • Contact sports ultimate fighting, wrestling,
    football
  • Sports that involve bouncing, leaping, a sudden
    change of direction (increased joint laxity from
    hormones make joints susceptible to sprains)
  • Exercises that put you at risk for falls
    rollerblading, horseback ridding, skiing
  • After 1st trimester avoid exercise in the supine
    position
  • Lying in the prone position
  • Lifting heavy free weights

24
Contraindications to Exercise
  • Pregnancy induced hypertension
  • Premature rupture of membranes
  • Preterm labor during the prior or current
    pregnancy
  • Persistent 2nd or 3rd trimester bleeding
  • There should be an evaluation to determine
    whether an exercise program is appropriate if the
    woman has conditions such as
  • Cardiac disease, constrictive lung disease
  • Chronic hypertension
  • Severe anemia
  • Chronic bronchitis
  • Extreme obesity
  • Extreme underweight
  • History of an extremely sedentary lifestyle
  • Orthopedic limitations
  • Heavy smoker

25
Recommendations for Exercise
  • Beginners
  • non weight bearing activities pose the least risk
    of injury
  • 20 30 minutes of activity a day at a
    comfortable pace
  • Previously active women
  • participation in aerobic activities are generally
    safe
  • Exercise in high altitudes is not recommended
  • Running
  • can be continued late into pregnancy to maintain
    fitness, less than 45 min
  • Weight training
  • light weights and moderate reps will maintain
    flexibility and muscle tone and reduce the risk
    of joint/ligament injury
  • Should be able to converse while exercising
    vigorous exercise offers no benefits during
    pregnancy, only more complications
  • Listen to your body stop if you feel
    breathless, nausea, dizzy, tired
  • Pulse should NEVER exceed 140 beats per minute!

26
Recommendations for Exercise
  • Positions/Posture
  • Avoid lying on your back after 12th week of
    pregnancy
  • Abdominal exercises
  • Avoid standing for long periods
  • Avoid back swaying (lordosis) cat back stretch,
    strengthen abdominals
  • Rounded upper back (kyphosis) chest stretches,
    upper back strengthening
  • Avoid valsalva maneuver increase blood and
    intra-abdominal pressure
  • Avoid lying in the prone position after the 1st
    trimester
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