Computer Hardware

1
Computer Hardware

• Introduction

2
Computer System Components

• Input
• Keyboard, Mouse, Camera, Touch Pad
• Processing
• CPU
• Output
• Monitor, Printer
• Storage
• Floppy, Hard Drive, CD, DVD, Flash Drive

3
Generations
Gen. Hardware Software
1st Vacuum Tubes machine language
2nd Transistors Assembly language
3rd Integrated Chip (IC) Higher level languages, Application Programs
4th VLSI (Very Large Scale ICs) Object oriented programming, natural language processing
4
The Binary System

• Bits Binary digits, or 0,1.
• Bytes (8 bits) ASCII, EBCDIC
• One byte is the space needed to store one
  character, like the letter A.
• Kilobyte (KB) 1000 (actually, 1024)
• Megabyte (MB) 1,000,000
• Gigabyte (GB) 1,000,000,000
• Terabyte (TB) 1,000,000,000,000

5
Processing CPU components

• Control Unit
• Clock cycle regulates all operations
• Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
• Add Gates Half adder, full adder
• AND/OR/NOT gates
• Memory
• RAM
• Static
• Dynamic
• ROM

6
Output

• Video
• Printers - Ink Jet, Laser
• Sound
• Controlling Devices
• (e.g. antilock brakes)

7
Storage

• Hard Drive
• 1 Terabyte and upwards today
• As low as 256 KB less than 30 years ago.
• (that is more than a million times greater
  capacity today!)
• CD-ROM
• 600-700 MB
• DVD-ROM
• 4 GB - Red Laser,
• 27 GB- Blue Laser
• Flash Drives
• From 4 GB up to 100 GB, including high end of 1
  TB.

8
Related Fields of Study

• Computer Science
• Software development
• Computer Engineering
• Hardware design and development
• Computer Information Systems
• Management of technology in organizations.