RESCUE IN CONFINED SPACE

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RESCUE IN CONFINED SPACE
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• List the various types of confined spaces
• Understand the dangers and safety precautions in
  confined space rescue
• Able to execute the 6 methods of rescue in
  confined space

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SCOPE

• Definition of Confined Space
• Types of Confined Spaces
• Characteristics and Hazards Associated with
  Confined Spaces
• Rescue action plan
• Emergency casualty evacuation
• Safety precautions
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

• Rescue in Confined Spaces are often challenging
• Most hazardous among all rescue activities
• 6 out of 10 killed are untrained
• Safety of rescuers most important (your
  safety)

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DEFINITION

• Meet all three of the following
  characteristics/descriptions
• 1) Large enough for human entry/works
• 2) Limited or restricted means for
• entry/exit
• 3) Not designed for continuous occupancy

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CONFINED SPACES

• EXAMPLES
• Tanks
• Ducts
• Closed Drains Sewers
• Any closed areas like Manholes shallow Drains,
  etc
• Silos
• Collapsed Structures

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EXAMPLES

• Silos

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EXAMPLES

• Collapsed Structures

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HAZARDS IN CONFINED SPACES ...
...
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HAZARDS

• 1. Hazardous Atmosphere
• Hydrogen Sulfide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Explosive Atmosphere
• Low Oxygen
• Other Hazardous Material

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HAZARDS

• 2. Fall Risk
• Slippery Ladders
• Rusty, unstable Walkways
• Mechanical failure of Safety Equipment

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HAZARDS

• 3. Mechanical Hazards
• Moving belts or other Machinery
• Electrical Hazards
• High Pressure Pipe blowouts

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HAZARDS

• 4. Flooding or Engulfment Potential
• Storm Sewers
• Hoppers
• Grain Bins

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RESCUE ACTION PLAN

• Casualty Assessment Care
• Approach with care
• If atmosphere is safe, begin primary
  assessment
• If atmosphere is unsafe, remove casualty
  immediately / do not enter

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• Dont rush in
• Dont try alone
• Call back-up
• Standby team to help/assist
• Ventilate

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• Follow correct procedures
• Stay alert and get ready to get out quickly when
  you notice any worrying signs

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• SAFE WORK PROCEDURES
• Rescuers to standby
• Maintain communications
• Safety harness safety lines
• Non-sparking equipment
• Proper insulation of electrical appliances
• Precautions for hot works

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Methods of Emergency Casualty Evacuation from
Confined Spaces

• Forward Drag (Rescue Crawl or Neck Drag)
• Cross Chest Method
• Collar Pull
• Leg Pull
• Blanket

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Forward Drag or Rescue Crawl or Neck Drag -
(casualty without hand injury)
1. Tie casualtys arms securely at both
wrists with triangular bandages 2. Kneel
astride
3. Pass your head through casualtys arms 4.
Straighten your arms to lift casualty 5.
Drag out casualty by crawling and pushing
your feet
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Forward Drag or Rescue Crawl or Neck Drag -
(casualty with hand injuries)

• Pass belt, rope or triangular bandage under
  casualty near armpits.
• 2. Kneel astride casualty

3. Pass loop over your head. 4. Straighten your
arms. 5. Drag casualty forward by
crawling and pushing your feet
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Cross-Chest Method (Unconscious casualty with
minor injuries
1. Lift casualty to sitting position 2. Sit
behind casualty with both legs apart
3. Place casualtys hands crossed across
chest with fingers on shoulders 4. Insert your
arm under the casualtys armpit and hold the
outer arm of casualty
5. Drag out casualty backwards
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Rescue Using a Blanket

• Casualty may be conscious or unconscious, with or
  without fracture.

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Collar pull method

• Employed when earlier methods cannot be used.
• Casualtys head is positioned in direction of
  exit
• Leg pull method
• Last resort in very confined spaces under life
  threatening situation.
• Casualtys legs are in direction of exit and
  casualty cannot be repositioned.

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Practical
Practice all the 6 Rescue methods while given a
scenario
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CONCLUSION