Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate

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Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development
Climate Brown Coal ( Lignite ) Best Practices
Work Shop India - Country
Perspective 23-27 th June2008

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THE INDIAN DELEGATION

• NTPC Delegates
• I.K.Rajdeva, Additional General Manager,
  NTPC Ltd.
• A.Nagasundaram, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.
• Saju K Sebastian, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.
• P.S.Chatterjee, Chief Design Engineer, NTPC Ltd.
• CESC Delegates
• Souvik Dutta, Station Manager, Southern
  generating Station, CESC Ltd .
• Kushal Bhowmick,  Senior Manager ( Environment), 
  CESC Ltd.

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Robust Economic Growth THE DRIVER

• THE GDP GREW AT 9.6 DURING FISCAL 2007, AVERAGE
  RATE OF GROWTH OVER LAST 4 YEARS IS 8.6.
• GDP GROWTH DURING 2008-09 IS EXPECTED TO BE
  around 9.
• GDP GROWTH TARGET OF 9 SET BY GOVT. DURING XI
  PLAN (2007-2012).
• ELECTRICITY IS AN IMPORTANT INPUT TO THE MARCH OF
  PROGRESS OF ANY COUNTRY TODAY.
• IT IS THEREFORE NATURAL THAT THE GROWTH IN
  ELECTRICITY GENERATION AVAILABILITY, BE
  COMMENSURATE WITH GROWTH IN GDP.

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Existing Generating Capacity- March 2008
Sector wise break-up (MW)
Fuel wise break-up (MW)
(Excluding captive capacity of 14636 MW connected
to grid)
(All figures provisional from CEA)
Total generation in 2007-08 704.45 BU
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ALL INDIA PLANT LOAD FACTOR () - COAL FIRED
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
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Energy Shortage
9.8
9.6
8.3
7.3
7.1
8.8
7.5
7.8
DURING 2007-08, PEAKING SHORTAGES WERE 16.6
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Per capita Consumption remains low
In 2006
NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY TARGETS PER CAPITA
AVAILABILITY OF 1000 KWH BY 2012
Figures in kwh
Source UNDP Human Development Report 2007-08
Data for 2004
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Projected Capacity Requirements
CAGR of 7.3
778 GW
425 GW
220 GW
132 GW
Source Integrated Energy Policy GOI
Large Capacity addition required to meet the
demand
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CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED DURING 11th PLAN
(2007-12) (Conventional) 78,520 MW
Thermal 59,513MW ( Coal 51,890 MW, Gas- 5343
MW, Lignite- 2280 MW)
Additional capacity expected New Renewables
14,000 MW Captive 12,000 MW
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11TH PLAN PROGRAMME (2007-2012)
(ThermalHydroNuclear)

• Proposed 78,577 MW
• Expected 78,520MW
• 9,263 MW capacity already commissioned
• 60,214 MW (77) under construction
• 10,950 MW - Letter of awards yet to be placed
• Fuel Availability for 96 of coal based stations
  tied up
• 88 hydro capacity under construction
  /commissioned
• All gas based projects under execution or gas
  tied up from local sources
• Additional 13,000 MW gas based projects
  identified subject to gas availability

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11TH PLAN PROGRAMMENON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY
PLANTS

• Installed Capacity (as on 31.03.2008)- 11125 MW
• 11th Plan target- 14,000 MW consisting of
• Wind Power - 10,500 MW
• Biomass PowerBaggasse Co-generation -
  2,100 MW
• Small Hydro (up to 25 MW) - 1,400 MW

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CAPACITY ADDITION DURING XIITH PLAN (2012 - 2017)
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Energy Efficiency

GOVERNMENTS STRAGTEGY / INITIATIVE FOR
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LTD. - A
PROFILE

Setting the Scene today for a future-oriented
Sustainable Energy production
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INDIAs ENERGY PROGRAMS AND POLICIES

• Improving energy efficiency
• Promoting Hydro and renewable energy
• Power sector Reforms
• Promotion of Clean coal technology
• Energy infrastructure Development
• Coal Washing
• Environmental Quality Management

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DRIVERS FOR HIGHER PLANT EFFICIENCY

• Demand of power is set to grow with growing
  economy
• Large capacity needs to be added to meet the
  projected growth in demand
• With Electricity Act 2003 coming into vogue, the
  power market is set to attract a lot of investors
  and competition
• With tariff based bidding becoming a norm,
  utilities have to bring down their cost of
  generation to remain competitive
• Increased emphasis on Environmental
  considerations for clean technology
• CDM opportunities arising out of global warming
  concerns
• Fuel, Land Water availability becoming more and
  more difficult
• Efficiency enhancement feasible in future plants
  as well as existing plants

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Major Initiatives

• Improvement in efficiency and performance of
  existing generating units through
• Renovation and Modernisation schemes with
  emphasis on Energy Efficiency
• Partnership in excellence.
• Establishment of Energy Efficiency cells at
  thermal power stations ( 37 cells in operation)
• Energy Conservation through legislation
• Thermal Power Stations notified as Designated
  consumers
• Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources
• 15,627 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIth
  Plan
• 30,000 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in
  XIIth Plan
• Retiring 5000 MW old capacity with low efficiency
  in 11th Plan

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Energy Conservation Act 2003 (EC Act)
Major Initiatives ..

• Designated Consumers Notified
• Thermal Power Station
• Appoint Energy Manager
• Get Energy Audits conducted by Accredited Energy
  Auditors
• Implement techno-economic viable recommendations
  given by Accredited Energy Auditor
• Comply with norms of specific energy consumption
  fixed
• Submit report on steps taken

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Major Initiatives

• Adoption of Clean Coal Technologies
• Supercritical / Ultra supercritical Technology
• Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC)
• Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)
  Suitable for Indian Coal
• Presently Working to develop a Demonstration
  Project for IGCC along with suitable Partner,
  development of core technologies for gasifier
  Gas cleaning systems suitable for High Ash Indian
  Coal.

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Major Initiatives ..

• Ultra Mega Power Projects(4000MW capacity) based
  on Supercritical Technology at various pithead
  and coastal locations. Envisaging Mandatory
  Higher size thermal units (660/800 MW) with
  Supercritical Parameters.
• It is estimated to commission
• 10 Nos. units of 660MW (XIth Plan)
• 2 Nos. units of 800MW (XIth Plan)
• 12 Nos. units of 660MW (XIIth Plan)
• 31 Nos. units of 800MW (XIIth Plan)

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Major Initiatives ..

• Supercritical Units of 660 MW Rating under
  construction
• Supercritical Units of 800 MW Rating with higher
  steam temperature conditions under
  consideration

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The Efficiency Roadmap
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Lower Plant Efficiency in India

• The reported efficiency of Indian power plants
  is generally lower as compared to efficiency of
  plants abroad, primarily due to
• Poorer condenser vacuum due to hot climatic
  conditions
• Higher unburnt carbon losses in boiler due to low
  grade high ash Indian coal
• Efficiency is reported on HHV basis of coal
  (same as the practice followed in USA) as against
  LHV used elsewhere.

Typical variation due to above 3.0 to 4.0
points (Approx.)
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Heatrate Improvement over the Years
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Major Initiatives Contd ..

• Member of Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
  (CSLF)
• Participating in FutureGen Project of USA
• 275 MW coal fired Zero Emission power plant
• India contributing US10 Million
• Participating in Asia Pacific Partnership (APP)
  for Clean Development and Climate
• The Indian Project Proposals in the TF Action
  plan
• Inputs like case studies contact details of
  experts in areas of Indias interest.
• Work on Efficiency improvement of two thermal
  power plants namely Ropar and Kolaghat thermal
  Power station already started with support of
  USAID.

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Major Initiatives ..

• Mapping of Thermal Power Stations under
  Indo-German Programme
• 33 thermal units mapped ( 31 thermal stations)
• 85 Thermal Power Stations targeted
• Energy Conservation Awards
• National Award for improving performance of
  Thermal Power Stations
• Awards for reducing T D losses.

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Efficiency Improvement through Renovation and
Modernization
A COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH CONTINUE GETTING THE
BEST OUT OF EXISTING FLEET
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NEED FOR RM EXISTING UNITS

• Improvement in performance parameters PLF,
  Availability, heat rate/efficiency, auxiliary
  power consumption, partial loading forced
  outage.
• Restore derated capacity
• Extension of economic life.
• Obsolescence non availability of spares (eg
  CI)
• Environmental issues/other statutory
  requirements.
• Safety requirements.

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POTENTIAL FOR EFFICIENCY INTEGRATED RM

• A large number of 200/250 MW some 500 MW Units
  are in operation for more than 15/20 years and
  have considerable potential for life extension
  efficiency improvement

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FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS RM

• Shift in focus from Generation Maximization to
  Plant Performance Optimization Older units
  have many more opportunities to reduce heat rate
  than newer units.
• Retirement of very old small size low efficiency
  units and replacement with higher efficiency
  units.
• Use of high end technology solutions for
  efficiency enhancement to manage rising costs
  reduce carbon, foot prints, e.g.,
• Steam flow path modification
• Steam turbine and boiler upgrades
• Improved plant control

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FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS RM

• Additionality in efficiency improvement
• Efficiency improvement as a result of normal RM,
  aims at to minimising losses ( to approach
  design values)
• Efficiency improvement through technology
  intervention/enhanced RM, targeting efficiency
  enhancement even beyond design value.

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Parameters For Performance Monitoring

• Unit Heat Rate
• Unit Auxiliary Power consumption
• Unit Specific secondary fuel oil consumption
• Unit Specific coal consumption
• Plant Load Factor (PLF)
• Planned Maintenance, Forced outage and
  Operating availability

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Projects for the Task Force
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Fly Ash Utilization Record NTPCAS A SAMPLE
CASE ONLY
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Afforestation Efforts A Priority for sustenance
of HUMANITY!!

• Forest Banks concept
• NTPC has created a Green wealth of 18.2 Million
  Trees by Summer 2007
• Plantation of 1.25 Million trees around
  Ramagundam Project has resulted in Summer Peak
  temperature reduction by 3 deg C
• Ash Mound Reclamation and Dry ash disposal system
  

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THANK YOU