The European Intellectual Revolution: The Enlightenment

1
The European Intellectual Revolution The
Enlightenment

• Readings Spodek, pp. 520-526, 531-533, 533-536

2
Enlightenment is A Product of the Scientific
Revolution

• If you can know the natural world, then you
  should be able to know the social, political,
  economic worlds.
• Sir Isaac Newton was a model.
• The goal was to make everyone happy.

3
Immanuel Kant

• What is Enlightenment
• Dont be Afraid to Know
• Have Courage to Use Your Own Reason

4
John Locke

• Was English and lived from 1631-1704.
• Two Treatises on Government Political Liberalism
  and Representation.
• John Locke felt that property was necessary to
  have a stake in the government.

5
Baron de Montesquieu

• Was French and lived from 1689-1755.
• Spirit of Laws
• Separation of Powers
• Checks and Balances

6
Voltaire

• Was French and lived from 1694-1778.
• Enlightened Despotism
• Religious Toleration

7
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Was French from 1712-1778.
• The Social Contract
• The General Will
• Public must be generous
• Make other people happy
• Private happiness linked to public happiness

8
Emile

• Education
• The Woman Question
• Idea of State religion Nationalism, Patriotism

9
Adam Smith

• The Wealth of Nations (1776)
• Laissez-faire economy
• Free Trade
• The Invisible Hand

10
Jeremy Bentham

• Utalitarianism
• Best Policy which promotes Greatest happiness of
  the greatest number.

11
Benjamin Franklin

• Poor Richards Almanac
• Public Opinion
• Coffee Houses
• Newspapers
• Academies
• Salons