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Fasteners in Aviation

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Introduction to Fastener Technology Part 2 An Aerospace Manufacturing Perspective * Fasteners in Aviation Fastener Overview: Types of Fastener: Permanent Fastening ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Fasteners in Aviation


1
Introduction to Fastener Technology Part 2
An Aerospace Manufacturing Perspective
2
Fasteners in Aviation
  • Fastener Overview
  • Types of Fastener
  • Permanent Fastening
  • Welding
  • Adhesive Bonding
  • Riveting
  • Temporary Fastening
  • Threaded
  • Non-Threaded

3
Permanent Fastening
  • Welding
  • Adhesive Bonding
  • Riveting

4
Welding
  • Welded Joint

5
Adhesive Bonding
  • Adhesive bonded composite test strips

6
Riveting
  • Rivet joints on a Cessna 152

7
Welding
  • Fastening methods that join together two pieces
    of metal by melting the base metals and adding a
    filler material to form a pool of molten material
  • Can be carried out by the use of heat or pressure
    or both and with or without added metal.

8
Types of Welding
  • Most aerospace industry utilizes
  • MIG Welding
  • TIG Welding
  • Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

9
MIG or GMAW Welding
  • Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding / Gas Metal Arc
    Welding (GMAW)
  • Easiest welding process
  • Able to bond a wide range of material types and
    thicknesses
  • Easily adapted for automation and semi-automation
    welding applications

10
MIG or GMAW Welding
  • Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding / Gas Metal Arc
    Welding (GMAW) Equipment
  • 1) Welding torch
  • 2) Work piece
  • 3) Power source
  • 4) Wire feed unit
  • 5) Electrode source
  • 6) Shielding gas supply.

11
MIG or GMAW Welding
  • Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding / Gas Metal Arc
    Welding (GMAW) Area
  • 1) Direction of travel
  • 2) Contact tube
  • 3) Electrode
  • 4) Shielding gas
  • 5) Molten weld metal
  • 6) Solidified weld metal
  • 7) Work piece.

12
TIG or GTAW Welding
  • Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding sometimes
    referred by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
  • Most complicated welding process
  • Requires both hands to work one hand is used for
    feeding a filler metal, while the other hand is
    use to control the welding torch.
  • Like GMAW, it has the ability to bond a wide
    range of material types

13
TIG or GTAW Welding
  • Equipment
  • A welding torch
  • Constant-current welding power supply
  • Shielding gas source

GTAW system setup
14
Friction Stir Welding (FSW)
  • Unique solid-state welding
  • Maintain the original metal characteristic
  • Typically used on a large piece of metal
  • Discovering a greater use in aerospace industry
    applications, such as
  • Very low distortion and shrinkage
  • No fumes, sparks, or porosity
  • Repeatable
  • Cost and weight reduction
  • Improved joint quality

15
FSW process
  • A. Two discrete metal work pieces butted
    together, along with the tool (with a probe).
  • B. The progress of the tool through the joint,
    also showing the weld zone and the region
    affected by the tool shoulder.

16
Friction Stir Welding (FSW)
  • Used to manufacture some of the Airbus component
    such as the wing rib

17
Welding Geometry
  • Five basics types of weld joints are
  • Butt Joint
  • Lap Joint
  • Corner Joint
  • Edge Joint
  • T-Joint

18
Adhesive Bonding
  • Benefits of Adhesive bonding
  • The ability to reduce significant amount of
    fasteners weight in the aerospace structures
  • Improve the aerospace aerodynamic and performance
  • Able to adjust rapid temperature changes, from
    sub-zero temperature in the stratosphere to
    ground-level temperatures in desert climates

19
Adhesive Bonding
  • Substances that are able to bond two materials
    together by
  • Adhesion
  • Force between adhesive and substrate
  • Cohesion
  • Internal strength of adhesive itself.

20
Examples of Adhesive Bonding
  • Internal structures with lightweight honeycomb
    sheets

21
Adhesive Bonding
  • Adhesive bonded composite test strips with
    honeycomb core

22
Riveting
  • Smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end
  • One of the earliest methods of fastening metal
    together and most popular choices in todays
    applications for it is known as the most reliable
    fasteners
  • Aerospace industries use hundreds of thousands of
    solid rivets to assemble structural parts of an
    aircraft
  • Classic materials for aircraft rivets are
    aluminum, titanium, and nickel based alloys

23
Riveting
  • Riveting is a primary fastening method used in
    aviation
  • Much more information on riveting will follow in
    Aerospace Fastener Applications, Part 2,
    including
  • Sizes and types of rivets
  • Rivet part number identification
  • Installation procedures
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