Biochemistry & medicine

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Biochemistry medicine
introduction
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1?definition

• ? Science concerned with
• chemical basis of life

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• Science concerned with
• the chemical constituents
• of living cells and with the
• reaction and process that
• they undergo

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2 ? The aim of biochemistry
? Describe and explain in molecular term
? All chemical process of living cell
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(1)major objective of biochemistry
Complete understanding at the
molecular level of all the chemical processes
associated with living cells
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? isolation

• ? determine

? analyze
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(2) Further objective
Attempt to understand how life began
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• An appreciation of the biochemistry of
  less complex form of life is often direct
  relevance to human biochemistry

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3.knowledge of biochemistry is essential
to all life science
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?physiology
? immunology
? pharmacology
? pathology
? microbiology
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4?reciprocal relationship between
biochemistry medicine has stimulated
mutual advance
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Biochemistry studies have
illuminated many aspects of health
disease
the study of various aspects of health
disease has opened up new areas of
biochemistry
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biochemistry
Nucleic acid
Carbohydrates
protein
lipid
arteriosclerosis
Diabetes mellitus
Genetic disease
Sickle cell anemia
medicine
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5. Normal biochemical processes are the
basis of health
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Definition of health
Complete physical,mental social well-being
and not merely the absence of disease and
infirmity ------WHO
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A strictly biochemistry viewpoint about health
? The situation in which all of the many
thousands of intra extra cellular
reactions that occur in the body are
proceeding at the rates commensurate with
its maximal survival in the physiological
state
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6. Biochemical research has impact on
nutrition and preventive medicine
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• all disease has a
• biochemical basis

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(1)physical agent
mechanical trauma, extremes of
temperature, sudden changes in atmospheric
pressure, radiation, electric shock
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(2)chemical agents
drugs, certain toxic compounds, therapeutic
drugs
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(3)biologic agents
Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi,
Higher forms of parasites
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(4) oxygen lack
loss of blood supply, depletion of the
oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood,
poisoning of the oxidative enzyme
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(5) genetic disorders
Congenital , molecular
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(6) immunology reaction
Anaphylaxis, Autoimmune disease
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(7) nutritional imbalances
Deficiencies,excesses
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(8) Endocrine imbalances
hormonal deficiencies,excesses
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8. Biochemical studies contribute to
diagnosis, prognosis treatment
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Disease causes
scurvy deficiencies
of vitamin rickets
C,D respectively
Arteriosclerosis genetic,dietary
environment
factors
Phenylketonuria mainly mutation in
the gene coding

phenylalanine hydroxylase
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Disease causes
Cystic fibrosis mutation in the
gene
coding the CFTR
protein
Cholera exotoxin of
vibrio
cholera
Diabetes type I genetic and
environment factors resulting
in
deficiency of insulin
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9.many biochemical studies illuminate
disease mechanisms disease inspire
biochemical research
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Use
example
(1) to reveal the fundamental
demonstration causes mechanisms
of the genetic of diseases
defects in CF
(2) to suggest rational
use of a diet low in treatment of diseases
phenylalanine


for the treatment of s

phenylketonuria
(3) to assist in the diagnosis use
of the plasma of specific disease
enzyme CK-MB in
the
diagnosis of


myocardial infarction

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Use
example
(4) To act as screening use
of measurement of tests for the early
blood tyrosine or
diagnosis of certain diseases TSH
in the
neonatal diagnosis

of congenital

hypothyroidism
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Use
example

• To assist in monitoring use of the
  plasma enzyme
• the progress of certain ALT in
  monitoring the
• disease
  progress of infectious
• 
  hepatitis

(6) To assist in assessing the use of
measurement of response of diseases to therapy
blood CEA in certain
patients who have

been treated for cancer
of
the colon