The Urinary System

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The Urinary System

Anatomy Histology
Urine Production
Urine Movement
Regulation
Grab Bag
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FINAL ROUND
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Anatomy and Histology 100 Question

• This urinary system organ removes waste products
  from the body and helps regulate blood pressure
• a. liver
• b. heart
• c. kidney
• d. lungs

ANSWER
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Anatomy and Histology 100 Answer

• This urinary system organ removes waste products
  from the body and helps regulate blood pressure
• a. liver
• b. heart
• c. kidney
• d. lungs

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4
Anatomy and Histology 200 Question

• This is the basic histological and functional
  unit of the kidney
• a. glomerulus
• b. filtration membrane
• c. nephron
• d. podocyte
• e. renal corpuscle

ANSWER
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5
Anatomy and Histology 200 Answer

• This is the basic histological and functional
  unit of the kidney
• a. glomerulus
• b. filtration membrane
• c. nephron
• d. podocyte
• e. renal corpuscle

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6
Anatomy and Histology 300 Question

• The major calyces of the kidney converge to form
  this enlarged channel
• a. renal fascia
• b. renal pelvis
• c. renal pyramids
• d. renal papillae
• e. renal sinus

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7
Anatomy and Histology 300 Answer

• The major calyces of the kidney converge to form
  this enlarged channel
• a. renal fascia
• b. renal pelvis
• c. renal pyramids
• d. renal papillae
• e. renal sinus

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8
Anatomy and Histology 400 Question

• The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________
  and the macula densa cells of the _____________
  form the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
• a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule
• b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule
• c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule
• d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule

ANSWER
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9
Anatomy and Histology 400 Answer

• The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________
  and the macula densa cells of the _____________
  form the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
• a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule
• b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule
• c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule
• d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule

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10
Anatomy and Histology 500 Question

• Given these parts of a nephron 1. renal
  corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle
  4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubuleArrange
  the parts in order as fluid flows from the
  filtration membrane through the nephron.
• a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3
• b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1

ANSWER
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11
Anatomy and Histology 500 Answer

• Given these parts of a nephron 1. renal
  corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle
  4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubuleArrange
  the parts in order as fluid flows from the
  filtration membrane through the nephron.
• a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3
• b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1

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12
Urine Production 100 Question

• This process of urine production is the active
  transport of solutes across the walls of the
  nephron into the filtrate
• a. filtration
• b. tubular reabsorption
• c. tubular secretion
• d. filtration fraction

ANSWER
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13
Urine Production 100 Answer

• This process of urine production is the active
  transport of solutes across the walls of the
  nephron into the filtrate
• a. filtration
• b. tubular reabsorption
• c. tubular secretion
• d. filtration fraction

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14
Urine Production 200 Question

• These substances normally cannot pass through the
  filtration membrane
• a. hemoglobin
• b. water
• c. sodium ions
• d. bicarbonate ions
• e. glucose

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15
Urine Production 200 Answer

• These substances normally cannot pass through the
  filtration membrane
• a. hemoglobin
• b. water
• c. sodium ions
• d. bicarbonate ions
• e. glucose

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16
Urine Production 300 Question

• By the time the filtrate reaches this, the
  glucose is usually completely reabsorbed
• a. the end of the proximal tubule
• b. the tip of the loop of Henle
• c. the end of the distal tubule
• d. the end of the collecting duct
• e. Bowman's capsule

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17
Urine Production 300 Answer

• By the time the filtrate reaches this, the
  glucose is usually completely reabsorbed
• a. the end of the proximal tubule
• b. the tip of the loop of Henle
• c. the end of the distal tubule
• d. the end of the collecting duct
• e. Bowman's capsule

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18
Urine Production 400 Question

• A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in
  dilation of the afferent arterioles which
  prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and
  filtration pressure.
• True/False

ANSWER
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19
Urine Production 400 Answer

• A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in
  dilation of the afferent arterioles which
  prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and
  filtration pressure.
• True/False

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20
Urine Production 500 Question

• Drinking a large amount of beer results in this
• a. increased aldosterone secretion
• b. increased permeability of the
  collecting ducts of the nephrons
• c. decreased urine osmolality
• d. increased urine volume
• e. both c and d

ANSWER
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21
Urine Production 500 Answer

• Drinking a large amount of beer results in this
• a. increased aldosterone secretion
• b. increased permeability of the
  collecting ducts of the nephrons
• c. decreased urine osmolality
• d. increased urine volume
• e. both c and d

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22
Regulation 100 Question

• This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a
  cascade that regulates blood Na and blood
  pressure
• a. erythropoietin
• b. vasopressin
• c. renin
• d. angiotensin

ANSWER
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23
Regulation 100 Answer

• This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a
  cascade that regulates blood Na and blood
  pressure
• a. erythropoietin
• b. vasopressin
• c. renin
• d. angiotensin

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24
Regulation 200 Question

• This effect is caused by increased aldosterone
  levels
• a. increased reabsorption of Na
• b. decreased blood volume
• c. decreased reabsorption of Cl-
• d. increased permeability of the distal
  tubule to water
• e. increased volume of urine

ANSWER
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25
Regulation 200 Answer

• This effect is caused by increased aldosterone
  levels
• a. increased reabsorption of Na
• b. decreased blood volume
• c. decreased reabsorption of Cl-
• d. increased permeability of the distal
  tubule to water
• e. increased volume of urine

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26
Regulation 300 Question

• Diuretics affect the urine in this manner
• a. decrease the urine flow
• b. increase the urine flow
• c. increase the cellular composition of the
  urine
• d. none of the above

ANSWER
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27
Regulation 300 Answer

• Diuretics affect the urine in this manner
• a. decrease the urine flow
• b. increase the urine flow
• c. increase the cellular composition of the
  urine
• d. none of the above

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28
Regulation 400 Question

• This statement best describes principal cells in
  the distal tubules and collecting duct
• a. secrete renin
• b. respond to ADH and aldosterone
• c. respond to ADH only
• d. respond to aldosterone only

ANSWER
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29
Regulation 400 Answer

• This statement best describes principal cells in
  the distal tubules and collecting duct
• a. secrete renin
• b. respond to ADH and aldosterone
• c. respond to ADH only
• d. respond to aldosterone only

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30
Regulation 500 Question

• Putting a patient with hypertension on a
  low-sodium diet would have this effect
• a. reduces the osmolality of blood
• b. ADH secretion is inhibited
• c. produces dilute urine and eliminates
  water
• d. reduces blood volume and blood
  pressure
• e. all of these

ANSWER
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31
Regulation 500 Answer

• Putting a patient with hypertension on a
  low-sodium diet would have this effect
• a. reduces the osmolality of blood
• b. ADH secretion is inhibited
• c. produces dilute urine and eliminates
  water
• d. reduces blood volume and blood pressure
• e. all of these

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32
Urine Movement100 Question

• This small tube leads from the floor of the
  urinary bladder to the exterior of the body
• a. renal pelvis
• b. ureter
• c. urethra
• d. calyx

ANSWER
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33
Urine Movement100 Answer

• This small tube leads from the floor of the
  urinary bladder to the exterior of the body
• a. renal pelvis
• b. ureter
• c. urethra
• d. calyx

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34
Urine Movement 200 Question

• This is the principal function of the ureter
• a. transport blood to the efferent
  arterioles
• b. transport urine from the renal
  pelvis into the urinary bladder
• c. transport glucose and protein into the
  renal pelvis
• d. none of the above

ANSWER
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35
Urine Movement 200 Answer

• This is the principal function of the ureter
• a. transport blood to the efferent
  arterioles
• b. transport urine from the renal
  pelvis into the urinary bladder
• c. transport glucose and protein into the
  renal pelvis
• d. none of the above

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36
Urine Movement 300 Question

• The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but
  discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume
  exceeds 500mL.
• True/False

ANSWER
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37
Urine Movement 300 Answer

• The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but
  discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume
  exceeds 500mL.
• True/False

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38
Urine Movement 400 Question

• The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue
• a. simple cuboidal epithelium
• b. simple columnar epithelium
• c. smooth muscle
• d. transitional epithelium

ANSWER
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39
Urine Movement 400 Answer

• The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue
• a. simple cuboidal epithelium
• b. simple columnar epithelium
• c. smooth muscle
• d. transitional epithelium

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40
Urine Movement 500 Question

• This triangular area of the urinary bladder is
  between the two ureters posteriorly and the
  urethra anteriorly
• a. external urinary sphincter
• b. internal urinary sphincter
• c. smooth muscle
• d. transitional epithelium
• e. trigone

ANSWER
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41
Urine Movement 500 Answer

• This triangular area of the urinary bladder is
  between the two ureters posteriorly and the
  urethra anteriorly
• a. external urinary sphincter
• b. internal urinary sphincter
• c. smooth muscle
• d. transitional epithelium
• e. trigone

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42
Grab Bag100 Question

• Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter
  and exit the kidney through this
• a. renal hilus
• b. renal sinus
• c. renal calyces
• d. adrenal glands

ANSWER
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43
Grab Bag 100 Answer

• Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter
  and exit the kidney through this
• a. renal hilus
• b. renal sinus
• c. renal calyces
• d. adrenal glands

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44
Grab Bag 200 Question

• The cortex of the kidney contains this
• a. hilus
• b. glomeruli
• c. perirenal fat
• d. renal pyramids
• e. renal pelvis

ANSWER
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45
Grab Bag 200 Answer

• The cortex of the kidney contains this
• a. hilus
• b. glomeruli
• c. perirenal fat
• d. renal pyramids
• e. renal pelvis

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46
Grab Bag 300 Question

• Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism
• a. active transport
• b. filtration into the capillary network
• c. osmosis
• d. facilitated diffusion
• e. cotransport

ANSWER
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47
Grab Bag 300 Answer

• Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism
• a. active transport
• b. filtration into the capillary network
• c. osmosis
• d. facilitated diffusion
• e. cotransport

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48
Grab Bag 400 Question

• This condition reduces filtration pressure in the
  glomerulus
• a. elevated blood pressure
• b. constriction of the afferent arterioles
• c. decreased plasma protein in the
  glomerulus
• d. dilation of the afferent arterioles
• e. decreased capsule pressure

ANSWER
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49
Grab Bag 400 Answer

• This condition reduces filtration pressure in the
  glomerulus
• a. elevated blood pressure
• b. constriction of the afferent
  arterioles
• c. decreased plasma protein in the
  glomerulus
• d. dilation of the afferent arterioles
• e. decreased capsule pressure

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50
Grab Bag 500 Question

• Given these vessels 1. arcuate vein 2.
  afferent arteriole 3. efferent arteriole 4.
  interlobular vein 5. peritubular
  capillariesArrange the vessels in the order in
  which a drop of blood from the interlobular
  artery passes through them.
• a. 1,2,4,5,3 b. 2,3,5,4,1
• c. 4,2,5,3,1 d. 5,2,4,1,3

ANSWER
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51
Grab Bag 500 Answer

• Given these vessels 1. arcuate vein 2.
  afferent arteriole 3. efferent arteriole 4.
  interlobular vein 5. peritubular
  capillariesArrange the vessels in the order in
  which a drop of blood from the interlobular
  artery passes through them.
• a. 1,2,4,5,3 b. 2,3,5,4,1
• c. 4,2,5,3,1 d. 5,2,4,1,3

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52
FINAL ROUND Question

• Prednisone is a steroid that reduces inflammation
  and is used to treat autoimmune diseases. It has
  some aldosterone-like effects on the kidney and
  has this effect on the body
• a. increases Na absorption
• b. increases blood volume
• c. increases blood pressure
• d. causes edema
• e. all of these

ANSWER
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53
FINAL ROUND Answer

• Prednisone is a steroid that reduces inflammation
  and is used to treat autoimmune diseases. It has
  some aldosterone-like effects on the kidney and
  has this effect on the body
• a. increases Na absorption
• b. increases blood volume
• c. increases blood pressure
• d. causes edema
• e. all of these

BACK TO GAME