HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT

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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL OBJECTIVE To identify types of Hazard in work area To make Risk Assessments To suggest Risk Controls to ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT


1
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT RISK
CONTROL
2
OBJECTIVE
  • To identify types of Hazard in work area
  • To make Risk Assessments
  • To suggest Risk Controls to Organization
  • To implementing Risk Controls
  • To review Risk Controls

3
HIRARC -Planning Implementation
FEEDBACK COMPLAIN
ACCIDENT NEAR MISSES
INSPECTION AUDIT
LEGAL
HIRARC
SOP
ERP
INTERNAL AUDIT
TRANING
POLICY
SAFETY COMMITTEE
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
4
OSH-MS (MS 17222003)
Key Elements
  • Policy
  • Organizing
  • Planning And Implementation
  • Measuring Performance
  • Action for Improvement

5
Why We Need OSH-MS
  • Our Organization to be No. 1
  • Increase Return of Investment
  • - employees, money , time..
  • Safe work place

6
How To Start
  • Organization should have vision
  • Commitment from management
  • - right people
  • - resource
  • - time

7
How To Start
  • Should have internal audit
  • Management committee to review reports
  • External audit
  • Specific organization policy- hazard specific
  • Employees participation - meeting, training
  • Safety as basic training

8
Why conduct a risk assessment
  • Human factorssave life, stop workplace injures,
    illnesses and increase staff morale.
  • Legal factorsmeet legislative requirements,
    OHSW and WorkCover.
  • Financial factorsdecrease the risk of
    prosecution and fines incurred, lower
    WorkCoverlevies, reduce absenteeism, increase
    potential for gaining shareholders and increase
    productivity.

9
Hazard Management Process
  • Identify the hazards
  • Assess the risks
  • Evaluate risks
  • Control the risks
  • Monitor and review

10
Introduction to HIRARC
  • Principles used in workplace to manage safety and
    health.
  • Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994
  • which reads the provision and maintenance of
    plants and systems of work that are,so far as is
    practicable, safe and without risks to health

11
Definition
  • Hazard
  • A source or a situation with a potential for
    harm to humans, property and damage of
    environment or a combination of these.
  • Danger
  • Relative exposure to hazard.
  • Risk
  • A combination of likelihood of occurrence and
    severity of injury or damage.

12
Overview Of HIRARC
  • Definition of Hazards
  • Classification of Hazards
  • Potential sources of Hazards
  • Basic components of Risk Management

13
The Process of Risk Management
  • Classify Activities
  • (Work, Product, Services)
  • Identify Hazard
  • Assess The Risk
  • Risk Control
  • Review Risk Control

14
Classification Potential Sources of Hazards
  • Classification Example of Hazards
  • Mechanical - Sharp points edges, overload.
  • Electrical - Insulation damaged or cover
    broken
  • Biological - Exposed, airborne/blood borne
  • microorganism.
  • Chemical - Expose to carcinogens chemical
  • Ergonomics - Expose to unnatural postures
  • Psychological- Stress or violent at workplace.

15
WORK ENVIRONMENT
  • Adequate Access
  • Refers to adequate access to, from and within the
    workplace
  • Air Conditioning
  • Refers to uncontaminated air in the work space
  • Confined Spaces
  • Means enclosed work space where people do not
    normally
  • work (defined in standards)
  • Temperature Extremes
  • a) Heat This includes contact with hot objects,
    hyperthermia, fire (Not explosions)
  • b) Cold This includes contact with cold objects
    and hypothermia
  • Lighting
  • Refers to adequate illumination for the
    particular work being done
  • Mental Stress
  • Includes bullying, workplace violence, shift
    work, excessive work loads
  • Dehydration
  • Adequate water supply for the individuals while
    working

16
ENERGY
  • Electrical
  • Includes contact with exposed wires and contact
    with high voltage
  • Gravity
  • Includes falls, trips and slips of persons as
    well as objects falling, working at heights
  • Kinetic Energy
  • a) The body hitting objects Hitting objects with
    part of the body
  • b) Hit by moving objects Being hit by moving
    objects but excluding falling objects
  • c) Explosion An explosion may also include heat
    as a hazard
  • d) Penetrating objects This includes all objects
    that can penetrate including needles
  • Vibration
  • Includes vibration to parts or to the whole body
  • Acoustic/Noise
  • Includes exposure to single, sudden sound or long
    term exposure
  • Pressure
  • Pressure in hydraulic and pneumatic systems

17
BIOLOGICAL
  • Biological /Microbiological
  • Includes bacterial, fungal, viral, parasitic or
    human/animal tissue/fluids blood products

18
MECHANICAL
  • Vehicles
  • Being caught between, struck by or against
    vehicles
  • (includes fork lifts)
  • Mobile and Fixed Plant
  • Being caught between, struck by or against plant
    (defined in legislation)
  • Powered Equipment
  • Includes electrical or fuel powered equipment,
    tools and appliances
  • Non-Powered Equipment
  • Includes non-powered hand tools, appliances and
    equipment

19
CHEMICAL
  • Flammable
  • Refers to chemicals which burn
  • Corrosive
  • Refers to chemicals which will corrode tissue or
    metals
  • Toxic
  • Refers to chemicals which will poison a worker
  • Oxidizers
  • Refers to chemicals which will provide oxygen to
    a fire, or react readily
  • Compressed Gases
  • Refers to gases which under high pressure

20
Hazard Identification
  • To keep workplace safe and healthy.
  • -employers should make sure there are no hazards
    to which employees could be exposed.
  • Employers should look for hazards in advance
  • as part of their risk management plan to prevent
    potential hazards.

21
Actions Recommendations
  • All related statements should be made
  • With no cost restrains
  • Should be reviewed every 4 months
  • Need management support

22
Risk Assessment
  • Is the process of evaluating the risk to safety
    health from hazards at work
  • Types
  • Qualitative
  • Semi-quantitative
  • Quantitative

23
How To Assess Risk
  • 1) Look for the Hazards
  • 2) Decide who might be harmed how
  • 3) Evaluate the risk and check what is
  • done to prevent it from happening
  • 4) Record finding
  • 5) Review assessment and revise it if necessary

24
Types of Risk Assessment
  • Qualitative - (Use Risk Matrix)
  • -table scales for likelihood and severity
  • Fatality
  • Major injuries
  • Minor injuries
  • First aid or near misses

25
Types of Risk Assessment
  • Based on statistic
  • Likelihood
  • Very likely
  • Likely
  • Unlikely
  • Highly Unlikely

26
Qualitative Risk Table
Severity Likelihood Likelihood Likelihood Likelihood
Severity V/Likely Likely Unlikely H/Unlikely
Fatality High High High Medium
Major Injuries High High Medium Medium
Minor Injuries High Medium Medium Low
First Aid/ N/misses Medium Medium Low Low
27
Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment
  • Severity Categories
  • 1. First Aid
  • 2. Less than 4 days M/C
  • 3. More than 4 days M/C
  • 4. Fatality Permanent Disability

28
Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment
  • Likelihood Occurrence
  • 1. Yearly
  • 2. Monthly
  • 3. Weekly
  • 4. Daily

29
Semi-Quantitative Risk Table
LIKELIHOOD LIKELIHOOD LIKELIHOOD LIKELIHOOD LIKELIHOOD
S E V E R I T y Yearly Monthly Weekly Daily
S E V E R I T y 1 2 3 4
S E V E R I T y First Aid 1 1 2 3 4
S E V E R I T y lt 4 Days MC 2 2 4 6 8
S E V E R I T y gt 4 Days MC 3 3 6 9 12
S E V E R I T y Fatality Permanent Disability 4 4 8 12 16
30
Quantitative Risk Assessment
  • In cases where hazards are numerous and complex
  • eg Chemical process plant
  • Should have Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
  • describe job in less than 10 steps
  • List things that can go wrong
  • eg Changing a Car Wheel

31
Actions Recommendations
  • EL- Eliminate
  • SL- Substitute
  • IS- Isolation
  • EC- Engineering Control
  • AC - Administration Control
  • PPE- Personal Protection Equipment

32
Actions Recommendations
  • Eg
  • EL - stop work, cover hazard
  • SL - use other route, other material..
  • IS - put up temporary barrier,
  • EC - construct permanent wall,..
  • AC - put up notice, job rotation,
  • PPE - gloves, respirator,

33
Thank You
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