KIN 303

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Tactical Games

• KIN 303 Invasion Games

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Q

• You are planning a 7th grade basketball unit,
  what will be the lesson focus for each day? Be
  sure to include days for game play.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.

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Take Away

• PE promotes lifetime physical activity by
  exposing students to new activities, making it
  fun, AND promoting skill development
• Skill development means more than simple discrete
  skills. Think about the game of basketball, if
  you can pass, dribble and shoot, will you be
  effective? No, playing the real games involves
  discrete skills, combinations of skills (drive
  and shoot, rebound and put back, box out and
  pass) and tactics (zone defense, pick and roll,
  double teams)
• Units that only teaching discrete skills followed
  by a complex game (3 v 3) set students up for
  failure.

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Globally What is Tactical Games

• One of several instructional models in PE that
  specify generally how lessons are conducted and
  revolving around what content
• Others include 1) movement exploration/movement
  ed (grades K-2 space, directions, forces), 2)
  skill themes (grades 3-4, dribble, pass,
  defense), 3) sport ed (middle and high school, PE
  like sport seasons), 4) fitness (several grades),
  5) adventure (several grades), 6) elective
  (middle and high school) 7) multi-activity
  (middle and high school)

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QA

• What are the stages of a tactical games lesson

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Tactical Games In a Nutshell

• As a middle school student once said, So we
  play a game, figure out what we need to do,
  practice it, then play again to see if we can do
  it. Right?
• EXACTLY
• Sequence in a nutshell
• Game (may be the warm up as well)
• Tactical awareness
• Practice
• Game

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Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson

• Warm-up (optional)
• When is Optional The introductory activity can
  serve as the warm-up if it is at a low to
  moderate pace where the chance of injury is low.
  
• When is Required If the introductory activity is
  intense (i.e. sprinting, quick changes of
  direction), you must conduct a warm-up. It
  prepares the body and reduces the chance of
  injury
• You may do nearly anything except static
  stretching.
• When is the best time to stretch?

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Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson 1

1. Introductory activity designed to highlight the
   need for students to work on a desired skill or
   tactic. Should be game-like incorporating
   elements of fun and often appropriate competition

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Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson 2

• Tactical Awareness Discussion (anticipatory set
  in lesson template) - Teacher uses questioning so
  that students identify the need to practice the
  days lesson topic.
• Tactical questioning is a challenging skill, it
  develops over time much like debriefing in
  adventure activities
• Types of questions
• Tactical awareness what do you
• Skill and movement how do you
• Time when is the best time to
• Space where is/can
• Risk which choice

Qs
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Example Tactical Awareness Qing

• Tell me about how you were able to move the ball
  up the field.
• Leading students towards passing lanes and open
  space
• What did you find most challenging about that
  activity?
• I agree, several of you had difficulty
  controlling an approaching soccer ball,
  particularly a bouncy one. Thats what well be
  working on today.
• Remember to not tell students what they are
  working on that day, ask them questions to get
  them to recognize the need for what you are
  teaching.
• Thats why its called tactical AWARENESS
• A common mistake is after the warm up telling
  students the lesson focus and why. That totally
  defeats the whole purpose of the tactical
  approach.

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Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson 3 4

• Practice
• Combination of drills and activities where
  students practice the skill or tactic. Teacher
  prepares lesson ahead of time and guides tactical
  awareness discussion towards the desired tactic
  (much more common)
• Game - Fun game-form that reinforces the lesson
  topic. Must be more game-like than the practice
  segment. Can sometimes be the introductory
  activity again but in this course you must select
  something different.
• Closure

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Common Tactical Problems

• SCORING
• Maintaining possession
• Attacking the goal
• Creating space in attack
• Using space in attack

• PREVENTING SCORING
• Defending space
• Defending the goal
• Winning he ball
• RESTARTING PLAY
• Draw or Face off
• Free position
• Off-side/ out of bounds

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Game Forms

• When I say the word game, what does that mean?
• Activity that involve aspects of a regulation
  game but not its entirety. Should relate to the
  lessons topic, be fun, be motivating and conform
  to other aspects of good PE.
• Example from ultimate 3 on 1 restricted area
  game with ONLY forehand throws (scorer becomes
  defense or person who makes error)
• Dribble knockout dribbling a basketball in a
  confined area trying to knock other balls out
  while protecting yours
• Often I will say game but really mean game form

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Advantages of Tactical Games

• Tactical Transfer applying similar tactical
  problems across several games
• Learning the give and go in one activity can be
  applied in several other invasion activities
  therefore allowing you to teach new information
  in the next unit
• Tactical transfer is the reason its good to
  sequence related activities (racket, invasion,
  etc)one improves the other! What are some other
  examples of tactical transfer?

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Why Else Should You Use Tactical Games?

• Interest excitement
• Learning through games not about games, less
  about drills than the games themselves
• Reduces questions like When can we play the
  game? and Why are we doing this
• Knowledge as empowerment
• Students learn the context of the skills b/c they
  are learning them in a real but modified setting

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Why Else Should You Use Tactical Games?

• Aligns well with the stages of game play
• Basic skills
• Combinations of skills
• Strategy
• Small sided games
• Full game (mostly not necessary!)
• Best sequence for a successful unit

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Organizing Tactical Units
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QA

• Many of you will find that students are not
  getting more skillful, why is this so?
• Wait 49 weeks to teach the same activity
• Beware curriculums that are a mile wide and an
  inch deep
• There are many activities that can be taught in
  PE, pick your battles
• Possible MS HS activities
• No assessment so why bother to become skillful
• Teach only discrete skills

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Teaching for Depth

• Skills difficulty level (basic, intermediate,
  advanced)
• Combinations of skills
• Tactics (basic, intermediate, advanced)
• Depth Chart of tactical lesson topics for
  basketball, football, lacrosse, field hockey,
  ultimate and soccer

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Teaching for Depth

• Dont think of basketball as six lessons and each
  year, you bring out the same six lessons. There
  are roughly 20-30 different lesson topics.
• Lesson 1
• Grade 5
• Grade 6
• Grade 7
• Grade 8
• Lesson 25

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Teaching for Depth

• Teach an activity, especially invasion topics b/c
  they are so complex, at least twice a year
• Review between each incarnation and then start
  new material
• Gradually work your way through the tactical
  lesson topics (example from lacrosse)

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QA

• What do you like about the tactical game approach
  and why?
• What do you dislike?
• Why isnt it more popular then?

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Defining Invasion Games

• Those activities in which the goal is to invade
  the opponents territory in order to score
• Most complex of the four game classifications
• http//www.playsport.net/en/instructionalvideos.cf
  m

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Games Classification System

• Invasion

• Net/Wall

• Handball
• Basketball
• Soccer
• Field/Ice Hockey
• Lacrosse
• Rugby
• Football
• Ultimate

• Badminton
• Tennis
• Pickle Ball
• Volleyball
• Paddleball
• Squash/racketball
• Table tennis

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Games Classification System

• Field/Run Score

• Target

• Golf
• Croquet
• Bowling
• Billiards
• Darts
• Horseshoes
• Archery

• Softball
• Baseball
• Cricket
• Kickball

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Offensive Roles

• Offensive Roles
• Depth Width Penetration Mobility
  Creativity
•  Role 1 the person with the ball
• Penetrate
• Pass
• Shoot
•  Role 2 this person is one pass away
• Distance to support
• Movement to support
• Angle to support
•  Role 3 this person is two or more passes
  away
• Create space
• Spatial awareness
• Communication