Michigan Department of Corrections

1
Michigan Department of Corrections

• Electronic Monitoring Program

2
History of Electronic Monitoring in Michigan

• Late 1980s Radio Frequency (RF)
• 1998 - Truth in Sentencing Legislation
• 2002 - Sobrietor
• July 2004 - Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol
  Monitoring (S.C.R.A.M.)
• January 2007 Global Positioning System (GPS)

3
Radio Frequency
4
Radio Frequency

• In use in Michigan since late 1980s.
• House Arrest - determines if the offender is in
  range. Can tell when an offender leaves their
  home.
• Population in the community was as high as 3,200
  in the mid 1990s.

5
Radio Frequency - Cellular Technology
6
Truth In Sentencing

• Legislation passed in 1998 which required those
  convicted of committing assaultive crimes after
  12/15/1998, and all other crimes after
  12/15/2000, to serve their minimum sentence prior
  to being eligible for parole.
• Effectively began the end of the Community
  Residential Program (CRP) for the MDOC.

7
Sobrietor
8
Sobrietor

• In use in Michigan since 2002.
• Uses voice recognition from template established
  during enrollment to confirm offender is taking
  the test.
• Has internal sensors to determine if equipment is
  removed from the face between the voice
  recognition test and the actual test.
• Uses fuel cell technology to determine alcohol
  content of deep lung breath sample.
• Snap shot reading to determine if offender has
  alcohol in their system at that point in time.

9
Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitoring
(S.C.R.A.M.)
10
S.C.R.A.M.

• In use in Michigan since July 2004.
• Provides 24/7 monitoring of alcohol use only.
• Passive reporting.
• Measures transdermal vapors for alcohol content.
• Uses absorption and burn-off rates to determine
  alcohol consumption v. outside substance (e.g.
  alcohol based medication).

11
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Miniature Tracking Device (MTD)
Base Unit
Transmitter
12
GPS

• In use in Michigan since January 2007.
• Primary piece of GPS equipment in use. Allows
  MDOC to contact offender through text messages.
• The offender carries the Miniature Tracking
  Device (MTD) which captures the GPS signal.
• The GPS signal points are downloaded once per
  hour through cellular technology built into the
  device, unless alert behavior is reported. Alert
  behavior is immediately reported to the hosting
  site.
• Points are recorded once a minute, except when a
  violation is reported. Violation points are
  recorded every fifteen seconds.
• The bracelet is used to keep the offender within
  range of the MTD. If the offender leaves range
  of the MTD a violation is reported.
• The MTD battery is charged by placing the MTD in
  the base unit.
• The battery charge for the MTD is 16 20 hours
  after being in the base unit for four hours.

13
Global Positioning System (One Piece Tracking
Device)
14
One Piece GPS

• Newer technology which is only used in specific
  residential treatment programs.
• Does not allow MDOC to contact offender other
  than through flashing lights.
• Very few in use at this time.

15
GPS Images
16
GPS Challenges

• Very labor intensive for agents to review all
  offender maps every day.
• MDOC is trying to limit caseload sizes in order
  to make agent duties more manageable.
• Offenders dont want to be tracked and attempt to
  defeat the tracking system (e.g. Motion No GPS
  alerts) no chip in their head.

17
Legislation Requiring GPS

• Criminal Sexual Conduct 1st Degree
• 25 years incarceration followed by Lifetime GPS.
• Criminal Sexual Conduct 2nd Degree
• Victim under 13, perpetrator over 17, up to 15
  years incarceration followed by Lifetime GPS.
• Aggravated Stalking
• Must be on GPS entire term of parole.

18
(No Transcript)
19
Assisting Law Enforcement

• CrimeTrax allows us to determine if any offender
  wearing a GPS device was in a specific area at a
  specific time.
• Allows law enforcement to either zero in on an
  offender or dismiss an offender as a suspect.
• Requires the date, time, and address of an
  offense.
• Can be a window timeframe (e.g. between 0600 and
  1100).
• Will let us know if any offenders are in
  violation status at the time as well. (e.g. If an
  offender was not carrying the MTD at the time and
  would therefore not appear to be at the scene of
  the crime.)

20
Electronic Monitoring Center

• Provides 24/7/365 day monitoring services for all
  offenders on electronic monitoring.
• Monitoring programs currently in use GPS, Radio
  Frequency (RF), SCRAM.
• Handles all LEIN functions for MDOC confirms
  warrants for law enforcement, enters/cancels
  warrants for parole absconders and prison
  escapes), places parole detainers.

21
Contact Information

• Greg Roach, Manager Electronic Monitoring Program
  [phone]
• roachgl_at_michigan.gov
• Will Rogers, Operations Manager Electronic
  Monitoring Center [phone]
• rogersws_at_michigan.gov
• EMC GPS Lead Agents
• Mike Bowker [phone] bowkerms_at_michigan.gov
• Candace Hill [phone] hillcb2_at_michigan.gov
• Tara Lapham (Metro Detroit area) [phone]
  laphamtl_at_michigan.gov
• Jessica Spencer [phone] spencej1_at_michigan.g
  ov