Creativity Creative Thinking

1
CreativityCreative Thinking Creative
Problem-solving

• 2 Models of Creative Problem Solving
• plus
• The Incubation Model of Teaching
• 13 Additional Creative Qualities

2
Creativity is not

• The domain of a few individuals
• Not known to be linked to specific factors or
  traits
• Exclusive of many individuals
• Shared by all, varies by many factors
• Exclusively world-altering
• Personal vs Cultural creativity
• Importance of distinguishing between these 2
• Need to develop Personal to achieve Cultural

3
Creativity is

• Universal
• All people have this capacity, as with
  intelligence
• Continuous
• Varies by degree, type, as with intelligence
• In Potential (subject to training)
• Identifiable via types of performances
• Performance competencies can be developed

4
2-Factor Model

• Novelty Unique, distinct, original responses
  to environment, experience, circumstances
• Usefulness Serves a purpose responds to
  perceived need solves identified problem/s

5
4 Factor Model

• Fluency
• Frequency of response actual total number of
  responses to a stimulus
• Flexibility
• Frequency of categories of responses actual
  total number of types of responses
• Originality
• Statistical infrequency of response for a given
  individual in a given group at a given time
• Elaboration
• Development of responses
• Completion of ideas
• Integration across ideas
• Marketing ideas/alternatives

6
Application of Models

• Working in your group, do the following
• Identify a situation in a curriculum (content to
  be taught/learned) in which you could apply these
  models
• Briefly describe the instructional situation
• Who, what, when, why, how long, whats expected
• Plan/state an activity that would develop each
  step of the 4 factor model

7
The Incubation Model of TeachingGetting Beyond
the Aha!E. P. Torrance H. T. Safter (1990)

• What is the aha?
• Moments of insight intuition revelation
• Moments of wholeness or oneness uniting with
  everything
• Rational vs Supra-rational view of Creativity
• Non-linear sequence/-ing of creative events

8
The Incubation Model of Teaching

• Creative indicators beyond the big 4 factors
  13 additional qualities
• Highlighting the essence (abstract titles)
• Keeping open (resist premature closure)
• Emotional awareness
• Putting ideas into context
• Combining synthesizing
• Visualize richly, colorfully
• Using fantasy
• Using movement sound
• Unusual visual perspective/s
• Internal visualizations
• Extending/breaking through boundaries
• Using humor
• Getting glimpses of infinity

9
The Incubation Model of Teaching3 Additional
Issues

• Problem-finding
• Pervasive impediment Assuming the problem is
  known, therefore, focus on finding the solution
• Producing Alternatives
• At all levels of problem-solving, increased
  fluency supports the processes the more
  alternatives, the greater the probability of
  creative solution/s
• Originality Acceptance of being different
• Adequate time
• Play with ambiguity/uncertainty
• Heightened awareness of importance
• Make legitimate

10
The Incubation ModelInformation Processing
Strategies for Creative Teaching Learning

• Stage 1 Heightening Anticipation
• Stage 2 Deepening Expectations
• Stage 3 Keeping it Going

11
The Incubation ModelCreative Teaching Learning

• Stage 1 Heightening Anticipation (see p.9)
• Create desire to know
• Heighten anticipation/expectation
• Get attention
• Arouse curiosity
• Tickle imagination
• Give purpose/meaning

12
The Incubation ModelCreative Teaching Learning

• Stage 2 Deepening Expectations (see p.10)
• Digging deeper
• Looking twice
• Listening for smells
• Crossing out mistakes
• Cutting holes so see through
• Cutting corners
• Getting in deep water
• Getting out of locked doors

13
The Incubation ModelCreative Teaching Learning

• Stage 3 Keeping it Going (see pp.11-12)
• Having a ball
• Singing in ones own key
• Building sand castles
• Plugging in the sun
• Shaking hands with tomorrow

14
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Highlighting the essence
• Retaining sense of importance
• Staying focused
• Discriminate relevant from irrelevant information

15
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Elaboration
• Add details
• Develop a plan
• Implement/sell a solution

16
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Keep Open
• Resistance to premature closure
• Need for use of time
• Practice with ideas in variety of circumstances
  w/o time constraints

17
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Emotional Awareness
• Acknowledge role/significance of affective
  experience/s
• Adds to, not replaces, rational-cognitive
  experience/s
• Personal insight/s

18
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Putting Ideas into Context
• Meaningful synthesis of ideas experiences
• Personal, individual
• Abstract analysis/synthesis
• Part-part relationships
• Part-whole relationships
• Generalizations across concepts

19
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Combine Synthesize
• Combine types modes of information acquisition,
  processing retrieval
• Brain laterality Right- vs Left-brained
• Visualize Richly Colorfully
• Alternative perceptions

20
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Using Fantasy
• Future possibilities
• Varying point-of-view
• Feeling comfortable with the unknown
• Unconstrained by reality

21
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Using Movement Sound
• Experience via multiple modalities deepens
  concept learning
• Kinesthetic auditory experiences Natural
  modalities for children ( experienced adults)

22
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Unusual Visual Perspectives
• Ability to see in different ways heightens
  experiences of innovation inventiveness
• Internal Visualizations
• Seeing the insides of objects, events, people,
  experiences can lead to new, deeper insights
  seeing multiple perspectives

23
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Extending/breaking through Boundaries
• Confronting the whats given limitation/bias
• Recognizing that new possibilities always exist
• Acknowledging the potential for ambiguity of
  the incomplete idea, object, etc, continuing
  problem-solving work

24
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Using Enjoying Humor
• Integrates or synthesizes physiological,
  psychological social processes
• Accepting/understanding perceptual, conceptual
  incongruities
• Recognizing unusual, unexpected combinations,
  surprises

25
The Incubation Model of Teaching13 Qualities

• Glimpses of Infinity
• Open-ended environment
• Positive focus on the future
• Actively engaging ones self as part of perceived
  future for ideas to transcend the present
• Developing anticipation for an open-ended,
  multi-possibility future

26
The Incubation Model of Teaching

• Creative indicators beyond the big 4 factors
  13 additional qualities
• Highlighting the essence (abstract titles)
• Keeping open (resist premature closure)
• Emotional awareness
• Putting ideas into context
• Combining synthesizing
• Visualize richly, colorfully
• Using fantasy
• Using movement sound
• Unusual visual perspective/s
• Internal visualizations
• Extending/breaking through boundaries
• Using humor
• Getting glimpses of infinity